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Number of pages: 120 Category: Electronic Engineering

Field of study: Electricity, specialization: Telecommunication. Dissertation Abstract In this thesis, the problems of multi-objective and multi-sensor tracking are investigated using the rule of random particle collection. The regression probability density hypothesis (PHD) is implemented dynamically. This dynamic mode is performed by combining the transfer bias value with the ...

Number of pages: 77 Category: Facilities - Mechanics

Master's Thesis in Mechanical Engineering, Applied Design, Abstract: Microelectromechanical systems are generally classified based on the type of their excitation mechanism. In addition to electrostatic excitation, which is considered as one of the most important excitation mechanisms, thermal excitation is widely used in multi-layered and functionally variable ...

Number of pages: 114 Category: Biology - Environment

Master's thesis in the field of electrical-electronic engineering Abstract of the construction of a humidity sensor using carbon nanotubes Today, humidity sensors have many applications in various fields, including environmental control processes, household applications, automotive industry, medicine, agriculture and chemical industries. Until now, various structures have been ...

Number of pages: 148 Category: Facilities - Mechanics

Master's Thesis in Mechanical Engineering (Applied Design) Introduction The question of the generating factor has always been raised as a dynamic question in all fields of science. Due to the complexity and unforeseen factors and the lack of all-round human mastery over physical issues, it has not been possible to identify the causative factor in many cases, therefore, due to ...

Number of pages: 101 Category: Facilities - Mechanics

In order to obtain a master's degree in the field of mechanical engineering, energy conversion, abstract: In this thesis, the mass and heat transfer by integral method in the flow of natural displacement of a fluid with a very low frontal near the wavy inclined wall and under the magnetic field has been investigated. The wall is permeable and as a result, the fluid can be sucked ...

Number of pages: 68 Category: Electronic Engineering

Dissertation for MS.C Master's Degree Major: Electronics Abstract: In this thesis, the aim is to design and simulate an amplifier based on CMOS technology with low power consumption for use in image sensors. For this purpose, an amplifier that uses the ABCC circuit (intelligent bias current circuit) has been introduced.

Number of pages: 68 Category: Electronic Engineering

Dissertation for MS.C Master's Degree Major: Electronics Abstract: In this thesis, the aim is to design and simulate an amplifier based on CMOS technology with low power consumption for use in image sensors. For this purpose, an amplifier that uses the ABCC circuit (intelligent bias current circuit) has been introduced.

Number of pages: 124 Category: Educational Sciences

Thesis for receiving the degree of master's degree (M.A) Trend: Educational research in the fall of 2012, satellite abstract from the seventies to today in Iran, has continued to influence society and family.

Number of pages: 75 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree in the field of executive management, strategic management, June 2013. Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior of employees.

Number of pages: 85 Category: Educational Sciences

Master's Thesis Field: M.A. Orientation: Strategic Academic Year: 2013 - 1392 Abstract of this research in order to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence on the quality of nursing care in Derm teaching hospitals.

Number of pages: 158 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Business Management with Financial Orientation Year: February 2018 Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of future contracts on investment risk in Tehran Stock Exchange.

Number of pages: 170 Category: Civil Engineering

Dissertation of Master's Degree in Civil Engineering – Earthquake Engineering 2013 Abstract: Concrete beam and slab bridges with neoprene supports are among the most common highway bridges in the country.

Number of pages: 107 Category: Economics

Master's degree thesis Industrial Engineering - Social Economic Systems August 1391 Abstract of the project scheduling problem with limited resources is one of the most famous problems raised in research topics in general

Number of pages: 190 Category: Social Sciences - Sociology

Master's Thesis of Social Communication Sciences, the field of research in communication. Abstract: Social capital as one of the components of growth and progress in general and social development in particular has received serious attention from social science research areas to measure the quality of social interactions. In general, the amount of social capital in each group or ...

Number of pages: 146 Category: Architectural Engineering

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree in the field of architecture, March 92, abstract Despite the fact that it has been several decades since the design and construction of residential complexes

Number of pages: 189 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Psychology Abstract Critical thinking is purposeful, self-directed, logical, argumentative, responsible, knowledge-based thinking, which is a platform for evaluation, interpretation, analysis and explanation; It provides evidences, documents, frameworks... for judgment to make the right decision. The aim of the current research is ...

Number of pages: 114 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation to receive a master's degree (M.A.) major: Curriculum planning Abstract of the thesis (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): The present research seeks to examine the components of professors' professional ethics. Since educational environments, especially universities, play an important role in the education of individuals and ...

Number of pages: 122 Category: Industrial Engineering

Master's Thesis of Mehr Department of Technical and Engineering Faculty ???? Abstract: In some countries, including Iran, motorcycles and their riders are a non-essential part of traffic and as a result, they are safe.

Number of pages: 84 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Information Science and Epistemology Keywords: change management, preparation for change, library services, central library of Tarbiat Modares University, academic libraries Persian Abstract: Change means leaving one state and arriving and settling in another state. Today's organizations are facing wider changes than in the past in various ...

Number of pages: 150 Category: Social Sciences - Sociology

Abstract of the concept of people's trust in the media and the news that is published is considered to be the most important factor in the favorable and effective functioning of the media. This research examines the factors affecting the trust of the audience in the southeastern cities of Tehran province to the news of May 30/18 channel. In this research, we have used the survey ...

Number of pages: 133 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Master's thesis in the field of geography, urban planning, abstract Urban crises are an integral part of urban management, and this issue takes a much more complicated form in metropolitan cities, considering the large and growing population of Isfahan metropolis and its location in the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, the occurrence of a large earthquake or other natural and human ...

Number of pages: 167 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Foreword The ever-increasing expansion of cities and the inordinate increase in their population has caused numerous environmental problems and has made human societies face various mental problems. Since in the current situation, reducing the problems caused by industrialization, job creation, environmental protection, the interaction of cultures and finally sustainable ...

Number of pages: 117 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's Degree in General Psychology Abstract This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between mental well-being and job performance and quality of life of employees of Bandar Shahid Rajaei in the academic year of 2011-2012. The current research method is correlational. Also, due to the fact that in this research the prediction ...

Number of pages: 119 Category: Psychology

Dissertation to receive a master's degree (M.A.) orientation: industrial and organizational, the relationship between spiritual intelligence and happiness with organizational citizenship behavior of Euclid sugar factory employees. The sample of this research consisted of 170 employees who were selected by simple random from among all employees and evaluated using relevant ...

Number of pages: 139 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Chapter 1: Overview of the research Foreword Today, cities are growing rapidly and have presented themselves as the first human settlement. This trend is related to the recent centuries, especially after the industrial revolution, which caused many problems in the physical and population growth of cities. In response to these problems, various plans were implemented, perhaps the ...

Number of pages: 107 Category: Librarianship

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Accounting Abstract: Obtaining returns in excess of the market return by considering other conditions such as risk is one of the most important issues discussed in financial planning and decision-making. In fact, maximizing the profits and returns of shareholders by managing resources and expenses and implementing correct policies is one of ...

Number of pages: 68 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the computer field, software orientation. Abstract The increasing use of wireless sensor networks in human life shows the great importance of this technology. Energy limitation in the constituent elements of wireless sensor networks, which are sensor nodes, has always been considered as the most important challenge facing this ...

Number of pages: 134 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree, specialization: Marketing, Abstract: Today, financial service institutions have taken over a major part of economic and commercial activities. In institutions where services play an important role, it is the human force that provides services to customers, and it is the employees who determine the success or failure of the ...

Number of pages: 224 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A.) Major: Human Resource Management Abstract: Based on studies conducted, a high percentage of employees in organizations complain of signs of stress and often attribute their stress to the leadership style, now the question is whether there is a relationship between the leadership style of managers, the type of personality and the level of ...

Number of pages: 246 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for Master's degree M.SC discipline/specialization of geography and urban planning-urban environment Abstract In the second half of the 20th century, especially in its last three decades, cities have expanded rapidly and countries have started urbanization and increasing their cities and urban population at a faster rate. The mere approach of urban planning to the ...

Number of pages: 156 Category: Psychology

Master's thesis (educational psychology major) The effect of teacher's feedback (written and verbal) in formative evaluations on self-efficacy and the level of use of self-regulation learning strategies of male and female third year middle school students Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of teacher feedback (written and verbal) in formative ...

Number of pages: 178 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for M.Sc Master's Degree in Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System - Water and Soil Resources Abstract: Urban heat islands are areas of the earth's surface that have a higher temperature than neighboring areas. The spread of this phenomenon varies in space and time. The creation of thermal islands and its spatial and temporal changes are mostly ...

Number of pages: 114 Category: Management

Academic thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the field: public administration, human resource management, abstract, organizational citizenship behavior is an individual and voluntary behavior that is not directly designed by the official reward system in the organization, but it improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization's performance. The purpose of ...

Number of pages: 133 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) Major: Clinical Psychology Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of group supportive psychotherapy on the life expectancy and psychological adjustment of mothers of children with cancer. The design of the current research was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical ...

Number of pages: 196 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for receiving the master's degree ""M.A."" Orientation: Abstract urban planning based on the teachings of the Qur'an and the life-giving teachings of the religion of Islam, the earth is the cradle and cradle of man, and the cradle must be safe and stimulating so that man can grow and evolve in it. Undoubtedly, nowadays, the great importance of plants and the role ...

Number of pages: 332 Category: Art - Graphics

Dissertation to receive a master's degree (M.A) specialization: visual communication Abstract of the thesis (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): The objectives of this research are to investigate the capabilities of Persian typography in relation to the titling of cinematographic films, because through typography it is also possible to ...

Number of pages: 199 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree (major: human resource management) Abstract: In today's fast-paced world, change and transformation are an integral part of organizations. According to Peter Senge, the only constant principle is change. Therefore, the only way for organizations to survive is to go along with these changes and transformations. Knowledge management is ...

Number of pages: 109 Category: Management

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the field of educational management. Abstract The present research was conducted to investigate the relationship between the thinking styles of managers and the acceptance of change in secondary school employees of Jolfa city in 2012-2013. This research is based on the purpose of applied research and based on ...

Number of pages: 89 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Business Administration (M.A) Major: Marketing Abstract The main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of organizational structure on job satisfaction among employees of Islamic Azad University, Ilam branch. The method of the current research is a descriptive survey type and is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical ...

Number of pages: 162 Category: Management

Dissertation to receive a master's thesis on the impact of organizational resource planning system on supply chain performance in Iran Khodro Company 1-1) Introduction In today's era, the global competition, customer demand for high quality, increased variety of products and fast service, has increased pressures on organizations that did not exist before. As a result, ...

Number of pages: 98 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's thesis in electrical engineering, control trend, abstract of new methods of identifying errors in systems, such as the use of qualitative analysis of events, can lead to tangible and understandable results for everyone. The gas turbine system is one of the systems in which there is a possibility of many errors. And sometimes even modeling them with mathematical methods ...

Number of pages: 140 Category: Computer Engineering

Doctoral thesis in the field of computer engineering (artificial intelligence) Abstract Understanding and extracting information from images and videos is the common thread of the majority of problems related to machine vision. Finding the main and useful parts of a movie and modeling the actions between these parts is one of the main goals of movie analysis. In the last decade, ...

Number of pages: 104 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's Thesis of Computer Engineering - Computer Architecture Abstract With the advancement of electronic device manufacturing technology and the cost-effectiveness of large-scale sensor networks, wireless sensor networks provide research fields with rapid growth and great interest, which have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. Large-scale wireless sensor networks ...

Number of pages: 339 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.SC) in Geography and Urban Planning Abstract: In general, what is neglected in the scientific literature inside and outside the country is the role of faith-based organizations (SAM) in the management and sustainable development of urban neighborhoods. These organizations, which are divided into two categories, sacred and non-sacred, are more ...

Number of pages: 92 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of computer engineering (artificial intelligence) Today, the success of intelligent transportation systems depends not only on the information of the current traffic situation, but also to a large extent on the knowledge of the traffic situation in the next few minutes. Therefore, a lot of research has been done in the field of short-term prediction ...

Number of pages: 90 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Computer Engineering (M.Sc) Software Orientation Abstract The use of agile methods in software development instead of traditional methods has been expanding for some time. These methods, which have been presented as a reaction to the inherent problems of traditional methods, have promised the realization of new goals and values. Unlike ...

Number of pages: 135 Category: Electronic Engineering

Abstract In recent years, there have been vast advances in the field of image sensors and digital imaging systems, but still theoretical and practical limitations affect the resolution of images taken with these cameras. Super resolution techniques have been developed in recent years to overcome these limitations. These techniques create a higher resolution image by using one or ...

Number of pages: 96 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's Thesis in Electronics Abstract Nowadays, according to the advantages of wireless sensor networks, which are simple and cheap implementation, low power consumption and high scalability, they are used in many applications. Designing sustainable wireless sensor networks is a very challenging issue. Sensors with limited energy are expected to operate automatically for a ...

Number of pages: 189 Category: Management

Thesis for Master's Degree in Executive Management (Strategic Management) Abstract Creativity is one of the most important and fundamental characteristics of a human being, which affects almost all dimensions and aspects of his life and civilization. In the era of rapid changes and developments, organizations are among the successful institutions that regularly produce new ...

Number of pages: 92 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's Thesis in Electrical-Control Engineering Abstract In this article, diagnosis, reconstruction and fault prediction of nonlinear systems with uncertainty are investigated. The diagnostic criterion is the residual signal calculated from the difference between the system output and a sliding mode viewer. The idea of ??sliding mode is to compensate the effect of ...

Number of pages: 92 Category: Electronic Engineering

Dissertation for master's degree, specialization: Power, Power, Abstract One of the important design challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is to prolong the lifetime of the system (node), while achieving an acceptable quality of service for the applications. Extending the life of the node is directly related to reducing energy consumption. In WSN, each sensor node works ...

Number of pages: 118 Category: Electronic Engineering

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.Sc) Abstract: A sensor network consists of a large number of sensor nodes that are widely distributed in an environment and collect information from the environment. Since the nodes are powered by batteries, an important issue that is considered in sensor networks is the issue of energy consumption. One of the methods that are very common in ...

Number of pages: 138 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's thesis in telecommunications-systems, the abstract of the current research is about the issue of scalability in wireless sensor networks with imaging capability, which has analyzed, mathematically modeled and simulated the scalability by considering a relatively practical scenario of the sensor network, and based on the performance criteria of outage capacity and ...

Number of pages: 103 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of computer engineering - artificial intelligence Abstract A selective method for side-to-side walking in humanoid robots Nowadays, humanoid robot walking is one of the attractive fields of research in the field of robotics. The challenges in controlling humanoid robots with high degrees of freedom have placed this problem among the difficult ...

Number of pages: 87 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of computer engineering - software abstract identifying the appropriate characteristics in the text to resolve the semantic ambiguity, it can be boldly claimed that the present age is the age of information explosion and perhaps language can be considered as the most important barrier and obstacle in the transmission of information. Therefore, the ...

Number of pages: 106 Category: Electronic Engineering

Dissertation for M.Sc. Abstract A wireless sensor network is a network consisting of many small nodes. The node receives information about the environment through sensors. The energy consumption of the nodes is usually provided by batteries, which in most cases cannot be replaced. Therefore, the consumption power of nodes is an important issue in these networks. And it is very ...

Number of pages: 125 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's Thesis in Electrical Engineering (Communication System) Abstract: Optimizing Node Placement in Different Environments for Broadband Sensor Networks Locator Systems are systems that can detect the location of an object in a space. Such systems usually detect the distance between two objects by using radio communication and determine the location of the object in the area ...

Number of pages: 90 Category: Physical Education - Sports

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A) Major: Sports Management Abstract: Spectators along with the players are like rich resources that can be identified with the help of sports psychologists and considering the individual characteristics of the players and providing optimal conditions for the support of the players through the support and encouragement of the spectators and ...

Number of pages: 112 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Information Technology Engineering - Computer Networks Major Abstract Wireless surveillance networks are an important branch of wireless multimedia sensor networks with some unique features. The quality of service in wireless surveillance networks is closely related to the packet loss rate. Occurrence of congestion is one of the main and most ...

Number of pages: 142 Category: IT Information Technology Engineering

Master's Thesis in Information Technology Engineering, Computer Networks, Abstract Location and synchronization are key elements in many underwater communication applications, which, despite being highly interdependent, usually operate separately from each other. But since the synchronization services are the prerequisite of the positioning algorithms and the information about ...

Number of pages: 204 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving the master's degree ""M.A."" » Orientation: Business Management Abstract Dealing effectively with conflict is a fundamental challenge in the interactions of people in the work environment. Conflict is a natural and inevitable phenomenon in individual and organizational life and it appears for many reasons and in different forms. The main problem in ...

Number of pages: 167 Category: Art - Graphics

Master's thesis (M.A) in the field of visual communication. Lorestan and Timreh are among the very rich areas of petroglyph art in Iran, where many collections have been identified. So far, no graphic and conceptual analysis has been done on these motifs. Among the most important things that have involved the researcher's mind: the motivation to record motifs, the identity of ...

Number of pages: 71 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's Thesis in Computer Engineering (Artificial Intelligence) Abstract Identifying Infiltrators in a Social Network In recent years, with the expansion of computer networks and increasing people's access to it, this information platform has been increasingly subjected to infiltration, abuse and attack. Factors such as financial interests, political or military goals, as well ...

Number of pages: 88 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of computer engineering (artificial intelligence) abstract design and implementation of an infrared touch panel based on pattern recognition position problem Locating has always been controversial as the basis of issues raised in all types of touch screens, the meaning of positioning is to recognize the location of the finger or fingers placed. on ...

Number of pages: 67 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's Thesis in Computer Engineering (M.Sc) Abstract: Today, automatic control is widely used in transportation systems. There are several reasons for using this method, the most important of which are cost reduction, the ability to make devices lighter, more safety for the passengers or to keep them away from danger. The last two cases are more visible in systems that have ...

Number of pages: 100 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Artificial Intelligence Abstract In this thesis, we intend to perform classification on brain signals by presenting a suitable feature. For this purpose, first the noise of the recording device is removed from the brain signals, then the features are extracted from these signals using Walsh transform and entropy. After feature extraction, ...

Number of pages: 120 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of electrical engineering-communication system for removing interference in the passive radar reference channel based on digital TV broadcast signal by terrestrial transmitters with a reproduction approach. In this thesis, a digital receiver for signal processing in a passive radar reference receiver based on orthogonal frequency division modulation ...

Number of pages: 86 Category: Physical Education - Sports

Faculty of Humanities, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences Thesis for Master's Degree (M.A.) Major: Sports Management Abstract The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between job stress and the quality of life of coaches in Shiraz. The current research method was a correlational description. The statistical population of this research ...

Number of pages: 110 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Computer Science (M.Sc) Software Orientation Abstract Smart phones and other mobile devices are becoming an ideal platform for continuous measurement of user activities by a large number of embedded sensors. In this way, energy consumption has become the most important challenge for mobile devices. Individual activity detection on smart phones ...

Number of pages: 88 Category: Physical Education - Sports

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Physical Education, Physiology, Abstract Central stability is the ability to control the position and movement of the trunk on the pelvis, which allows the control and transfer of force and movement to the extremities during sports activities, which muscle contraction can increase this stability. Improving central stability can be effective in ...

Number of pages: 139 Category: Electronic Engineering

Master's Thesis in the field of electrical engineering (control) abstract of the temporal analysis of the transmission of control signals through multi-stage links on industrial networks in order to implement wide control loops with high flexibility. The advancement of technologies related to communication networks in recent decades and their expansion in the upper layers of the ...

Number of pages: 110 Category: Computer Engineering

Dissertation for M.Sc degree: Software Abstract One of the challenges in the field of sensor networks is how to route and collect information from network nodes. Since these networks are limited in terms of energy and processing resources, they need special methods for routing and transmitting information that have low energy consumption. To make the issue clearer, in ...

Number of pages: 142 Category: Art - Graphics

Master's Thesis in Cinema Abstract There are countless theories and narrative forms in the world, the diversity of which is amazing, as if the whole world can be considered a vessel for narrating human stories. From the past to the present, especially in the last few years, many theorists have commented on narrative, one of them being David Bordwell. He chose four ways of ...

Number of pages: 80 Category: Cartography - Drawing

Master's Thesis of Mapping Engineering Field of Remote Sensing Abstract Updating land databases in urban environment is a difficult and costly task. Satellite remote sensing techniques have been widely used in the extraction and control of land cover change at different scales, which have led to useful results. Doing this becomes easier with the help of automatic change ...

Number of pages: 73 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Master's Thesis in Persian Language and Literature (M.A) Abstract: Examining the role of animals in the Shahnameh and their place in the stories is so exciting that the reader of the Shahnameh learns from its study that some of these animals and animals have a fundamental function and role in the national epic process, and from their connection with the warriors, it can be ...

Number of pages: 47 Category: Computer Engineering

Master's Thesis in Computer Engineering, Major: Current abstract software using wireless sensor networks (Wireless Sensor Network) in its expanded form. Due to the predominant use of batteries to supply the energy consumption of these sensors and also the lack of easy access to sensors in many of these applications, engineers and researchers are encouraged to design routing ...

Number of pages: 104 Category: IT Information Technology Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Information Technology Engineering - Computer Networks Abstract Wireless mesh networks include mesh routers and mesh clients, which mesh routers form the backbone of the mesh network with the least mobility. Routers and clients in the mesh network access the Internet through the gateway. Today, wireless mesh networks provide wireless services ...

Number of pages: 117 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) Field: Business Management, Domestic Business, Abstract: Considering the economic and social conditions that our country is facing today, it is necessary to think of new solutions to solve the problem of unemployment, especially among the young people of the society. This is not possible except in the shadow of creativity and innovation ...

Number of pages: 126 Category: Management

Master's Thesis Field: Executive Management (M.A)) Orientation: Strategic Abstract The culture of an organization causes the socialization of employees. Today, ethical principles are an integral part of the organization's culture. Therefore, the culture of an organization will influence the way in which the organization realizes its social responsibility functions. In the ...

Number of pages: 86 Category: Civil Engineering

Master's Thesis in Civil Engineering-Earthquake Abstract Using braces as a lateral resistance system in steel structures is one of the most common methods to withstand the forces caused by earthquakes. One of the weak points of this system is the compression resistance of the bracing member and its buckling as a result of reducing the member's load. Today, this problem has been ...