Download the thesis about educational literature✅ Word Document

Download more than 100 examples of thesis, proposal and project topics about educational literature in editable WORD file format at undergraduate, graduate and doctoral levels for use and reference in research, articles, theses, student and academic projects.

Number of pages: 153 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for the Master's degree in the field: Educational Sciences. The present research was conducted in order to investigate and compare the ability of problem solving in experimental science and Persian literature courses of the 7th grade students (first year secondary school) in the traditional and thematic classes of Miandoab city in the academic year of 1992-1993. ...

Number of pages: 184 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Abstract The formation of educational and cultural settlements in terms of shape, how to settle and the type of materials and many other parameters are related to climatic elements. Architecture compatible with climatic conditions, in addition to providing a comfortable atmosphere, prevents energy waste and will bring favorable economic effects on a micro and macro scale. The ...

Number of pages: 87 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the field: Geography, Rural Planning, Abstract: Without a doubt, education is one of the foundations that, by fulfilling its main functions, can be one of the main stakeholders of change and transformation in the direction of development. The purpose of this research is to evaluate educational services according to the population, ...

Number of pages: 120 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for the Master's degree ""M.A."" Field of Geography and Tourism Planning Abstract: Although higher education systems have had aspects of globalization since their formation, this concept has gained wider dimensions in the present era, so that many experts have described the phenomenon of globalization in higher education as the internationalization of universities ...

Number of pages: 105 Category: Art - Graphics

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A.) Major: Illustration Foreword The illustration and concepts of the images created in the book create an unbreakable and deep connection with the text of the book for children and finally, a result is obtained that is very effective in teaching children. Illustrations for children are divided into two parts: fiction [1] and non-fiction [2], ...

Number of pages: 138 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree in Persian Language and Literature Abstract: Policy letters, like any other literary phenomenon, are effective in reflecting the fundamental structure of society. Policy letters are a type of literature that are written in a special framework based on the conditions and social environment and the internal characteristics of the people who ...

Number of pages: 113 Category: Civil Engineering

Master's Thesis in Civil Engineering (M.Sc) Major: Project Management and Construction Abstract: Seismic improvement of educational buildings is one of the main priorities of the government after the Bam earthquake. This incident drew the attention of the statesmen to the fact that the improvement of educational buildings in Iran is a historical necessity, and if a proper ...

Number of pages: 138 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Educational Department of Persian Language and Literature. Thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the field of Persian language and literature. Abstract: Policies, like any other literary phenomenon, are effective in reflecting the basic structures of society. Policies are a type of literature that are written in a special framework based on the social conditions and ...

Number of pages: 220 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree Abstract: In this thesis, the educational odes of Sana'i have been identified and the intellectual trajectory and thought of Hakim Sana'i have been determined. , different from others

Number of pages: 115 Category: Paramedical

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the field of health and medical services management. Background abstract: The increasing importance of knowledge in today's era forces organizations to think more deeply about meanings such as creativity in technique, creativity in product, and organizational or strategic creativity. This issue makes organizations face challenges ...

Number of pages: 111 Category: Management

Dissertation for Obtaining an M.A. degree in the field of educational management in the academic year 1393-1394. Abstract: Recently, a new concept has been proposed in the theoretical foundations of management, which is called organizational maturity.

Number of pages: 184 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving the master's degree (M.A.) orientation ""transformation"" Fall 1993 Thesis abstract (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): The purpose of the current research is to investigate the relationship between

Number of pages: 130 Category: Psychology

Thesis for receiving the degree of M.A. Orientation: assessment and measurement (psychology) Winter 2013 Abstract During the past decades, a large number of psychologists and psychiatrists

Number of pages: 190 Category: Social Sciences - Sociology

Master's Thesis of Social Communication Sciences, the field of research in communication. Abstract: Social capital as one of the components of growth and progress in general and social development in particular has received serious attention from social science research areas to measure the quality of social interactions. In general, the amount of social capital in each group or ...

Number of pages: 114 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation to receive a master's degree (M.A.) major: Curriculum planning Abstract of the thesis (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): The present research seeks to examine the components of professors' professional ethics. Since educational environments, especially universities, play an important role in the education of individuals and ...

Number of pages: 89 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the field of psychology for exceptional children. Abstract The field of independence is an important topic of study and research in the field of mental health and education in the world. Cognitive-behavioral play therapy methods are offered to deal with concerns such as anger, anxiety, perfectionism, aggression, separation, social ...

Number of pages: 286 Category: Architectural Engineering

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree in Islamic Architectural Engineering, second year of academic year 1392-93 Abstract: Endowments in establishment and continuation

Number of pages: 101 Category: Psychology

Master's Thesis in Clinical Psychology (M.Sc) Abstract Reading is the most basic learning tool for students. Dyslexia accounts for the largest percentage of learning disabled students, which is defined by the lack of success in language skills such as reading, writing and spelling. Memory, especially active memory, is one of the important factors in learning that these students ...

Number of pages: 216 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for M.Sc in Geography and Rural Planning Abstract The importance of various issues and issues of villagers and rural settlements, including the issue of moving villages is very important for a vast country like Iran with a variety of natural features (climate, topography) and social, cultural and ethnic differences along with a large number of sparsely populated and ...

Number of pages: 120 Category: Librarianship

Presented to receive a master's degree in accounting. Abstract: Emotions play an important role in organization management, emotional intelligence is a skill that improves people's performance in the fields of leadership, teamwork, communication with customers, and decision-making. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the teaching of accounting ...

Number of pages: 75 Category: Economics

Thesis of Master's Degree in Economic Sciences, Mehr 2013 Abstract Although the achievement of economic development should be considered as a result of several factors, but without a doubt, one of the most important factors in creating it can be entrepreneurship.

Number of pages: 116 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Management Abstract of the present research with the aim of determining the relationship between the learning organization and organizational effectiveness in Allameh Tabatabai University in 2013-2014 using the correlation method. The statistical population of this research is all the administrative staff of the faculties of ...

Number of pages: 116 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's degree ""MA"" Major: General Psychology Abstract The aim of the current research was to investigate the relationship between resilience and spiritual intelligence with the mental health of students of Khorramabad Islamic Azad University. The research sample consisted of 225 students who were selected in a multi-stage cluster and responded to the ...

Number of pages: 116 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for the Master's degree ""M.A"" specialization: educational psychology abstract of the thesis (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and obtained results): The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence and the components of self-regulation learning and life in two socio-economic zones ...

Number of pages: 139 Category: Psychology

Master's Thesis Field: Educational Management Major: Educational Management [1] Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between psychological ability and quality of work life with the job satisfaction of professors of Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas branch. The method of this descriptive research is a correlational type. To ...

Number of pages: 170 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Clinical Psychology Abstract: The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and social support with the mental health of the elderly in Bandar Abbas city. This research was a type of correlational research. The statistical population included elderly men and women (over 65 years old) of the ...

Number of pages: 146 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) in the field of Educational Sciences Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between moral intelligence and social skills with students' academic performance. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation type of research and its statistical population is made up of Shiraz ...

Number of pages: 91 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Technology (M.A.) Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of story-telling education on the level of verbal intelligence and vocabulary of preschool children. The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental type with pre-test and post-test and two experimental and control groups. The community ...

Number of pages: 255 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A) in Business Administration, Administrative Transformation, Abstract Nowadays, in addition to research and education, universities play a role in the new mission of participation in the economic development of society. In the current research, an attempt has been made to explain the process of commercialization and the results of university ...

Number of pages: 156 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Management Abstract: The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between social intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational creativity of the employees of Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, in the academic year of 2013-2014. The statistical population included all 777 employees (587 men ...

Number of pages: 160 Category: Management

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree Field: Executive Management Direction: Strategic Abstract The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between learning motivation factors and learning performance among master's students of Islamic Azad University, Gilan Science and Research Branch. The statistical population of this research includes 422 students in 5 ...

Number of pages: 151 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree in the field: Educational Sciences, Department: Curriculum Planning, Abstract: Self-control is an internal care based on which, without external supervision or control, assigned tasks are performed and abnormal and illegal behaviors are abandoned. When someone ignores the external control and devotes his efforts to doing the work ...

Number of pages: 225 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) majoring in Persian language and literature. Dissertation abstract (including summary, objectives, methods of implementation and results obtained): In the late 4th and early 5th centuries of Hijri, Iran, especially Khorasan, was in chaos and anxiety in the political situation, civil wars, the increasing number of religious sects and the ...

Number of pages: 149 Category: Management

Academic Thesis for Master's degree in the field: Public Administration, Human Resources, Abstract The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of team atmosphere and leadership empowerment on knowledge sharing behavior among employees of educational groups in Rasht district. Therefore, it is practical in terms of purpose, and in terms of the method of data ...

Number of pages: 114 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Psychology (M.A) Major: Clinical Abstract Introduction: This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the personality traits and academic performance of normal students and under the cover of the Imam Relief Committee of the universities of Dere Shahr city. Cases and methods: This research is descriptive-analytical. The statistical ...

Number of pages: 126 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree, field: psychology, major: general. Abstract In order to investigate the effect of teaching metacognitive strategies and creativity on students' academic thinking in a quasi-experimental method, 54 female students of the seventh grade of one of the schools in the 2nd district of Tehran were selected randomly from among 75 students of ...

Number of pages: 339 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.SC) in Geography and Urban Planning Abstract: In general, what is neglected in the scientific literature inside and outside the country is the role of faith-based organizations (SAM) in the management and sustainable development of urban neighborhoods. These organizations, which are divided into two categories, sacred and non-sacred, are more ...

Number of pages: 227 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Geography and Urban Planning Abstract Social justice means respecting the rights of others and respecting public interests. In fact, social justice is the result of social evolution. The realization of social justice depends on the proper distribution of urban public uses and services. The purpose of this research is to investigate the ...

Number of pages: 142 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A.) Major: Organizations and Methods Abstract of Dissertation (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): In parts of Imam Khomeini International Airport (RA) Customs Organization, like many other organizations, employees consider knowledge as a power-enhancing factor and refuse to transfer and share it, and ...

Number of pages: 143 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Master's Thesis in Dramatic Literature Abstract of this research examines the narrative in the dramatic works of Mirza Fethali Akhundzadeh based on the theories of Jonathan Kaler. First, in order to explain Keller's ideas, we will discuss the formation process of structuralism in order to examine the reasons for the existence and why of this very important movement. At the ...

Number of pages: 117 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) Field: Business Management, Domestic Business, Abstract: Considering the economic and social conditions that our country is facing today, it is necessary to think of new solutions to solve the problem of unemployment, especially among the young people of the society. This is not possible except in the shadow of creativity and innovation ...

Number of pages: 118 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) orientation of organizations and methods Abstract Human resources are considered the most important factor in organizations, the development of human resources is related to the training and development of human activities in organizations and helps organizations to create special cultural conditions in which employees achieve the ...

Number of pages: 191 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for receiving the degree of ""M.A"" specialization: Persian language and literature Abstract Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him) is the leader of the Shiites and Nahj al-Balaghah is an excerpt from his wisdom, letters and sermons that Seyyed Sharif Razi compiled with his literary taste in the fourth century, which poets and writers use in different ways. Maulana ...

Number of pages: 93 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for the Master's degree ""MA"" in Persian language and literature Abstract Culture and customs have always been with the people since long ago and have their roots in the history of the people of every country. Over time, social and psychological factors affect the way these customs are held. With a deep look at the past and the special culture and customs that the ...

Number of pages: 169 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for obtaining the degree of Master (M.A.) specialization: Persian language and literature Abstract Advice and advice is one of the most important poetic topics. The use of this method and tool in Persian literature and world literature has a long history. Poets can use different methods to express advice. Saadi is one of the poets who has shown a special artistry ...

Number of pages: 203 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) specialization: Persian language and literature, a study of simile in the first five hundred sonnets of Shirazi's Diwan Wasal Abstract: Simile is one of the main elements of imagination that poets and writers have used to express their mental images more beautifully. In this research, the beauty of Wasal's imagery in the field of similes ...

Number of pages: 208 Category: Literature - Persian Language

A master's thesis in the field of Persian language and literature. Abstract: Asadi Toosi's Garshasbnameh ranks second among Iranian epic works after Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. This work, which is about the life and bravery of Garhasab, took place in a vast geography that includes all the big countries of those days. The description of the wonders of the world has given a special ...

Number of pages: 93 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) subject: Persian language and literature, love in Nimai's poems (based on the poems of Nima Yoshij, Faridun Moshiri, Sohrab Sepehri, Hoshang Ebtahaj and Forough Farrokhzad) by: Solmaz Reihani Abstract One of the dominant themes of poetry, in the poetry of most poets, from the beginning until now, is love. Many definitions have been given ...

Number of pages: 135 Category: Literature - Persian Language

The abstract of this thesis with the title ""Manifestation of Prophets' Stories in Sinaitic Poems"" deals with the quality of the poetic manifestation of Prophets' stories in Sinaitic poems. The contents are arranged in five chapters, the first chapter as the generalities of the research, stating the problem, the importance of the research, goals, questions and assumptions. ...

Number of pages: 79 Category: Literature - Persian Language

M-A) The thesis for obtaining a master's degree is an abstract of the topic of sociology of female personality in the works of Simin Daneshvar (Sushun and Wandering Island). Sociology is one of the fields of social sciences that studies and investigates social phenomena in the developed society with scientific method. And the concept of character, like the concept of human, is ...

Number of pages: 102 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for receiving a master's degree (A.M) in the field of Persian language and literature Abstract: Moderation and moderation are considered one of the fundamental principles in Islamic thought and culture. In Quranic teachings, it is considered a desirable thing; And it has been reflected in the works of poets and writers. Saadi and Majd Khafi are among those who have ...

Number of pages: 124 Category: Management

Dissertation for receiving the Master's degree (M.A) in Public Administration-Transformation. Abstract In this research, while stating the importance and necessity of conducting the research, the general introduction of the research topic was discussed. In the second chapter, the definitions and constituent elements of each of the concepts were first mentioned, and finally, the ...

Number of pages: 191 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for receiving the degree of ""M.A"" specialization: Persian language and literature Abstract Hazrat Ali (peace be upon him) is the leader of the Shiites and Nahj al-Balaghah is an excerpt from his wisdom, letters and sermons that Seyyed Sharif Razi compiled with his literary taste in the fourth century, which poets and writers use in different ways. Maulana ...

Number of pages: 129 Category: Paramedical

Dissertation: To obtain a master's degree in nursing (internal surgical nursing education) Abstract Introduction: Hope is one of the most important sources of support for cancer patients. The support of medical personnel and social support play a role in promoting hope. The level of support provided by medical personnel and social support provided by family and friends and its ...

Number of pages: 127 Category: Philosophy - Ethics

Master's Thesis of Nahj al-Balagheh Abstract Since education has a very high place in human life and education of every country is a reflection of the entire culture, values, and educational heritage of that country. Therefore, in this thesis, the issue of religious education of girls and the role of textbooks in this regard has been discussed through the library method. The ...

Number of pages: 143 Category: Philosophy - Ethics

Master's thesis in the field of non-Abrahamic religions, abstract, the topic of ethics in Zoroastrian religion has an important place. In the Sassanid period, we witness the flourishing of a special style in moral literature, which is known today as Andrzanamehs. Injunctions are a type of practical ethics that, with special features, try to make their audience moral. This ...

Number of pages: 95 Category: Educational Sciences

Thesis for receiving the master's degree “M. A.” Field of Educational Sciences Curriculum Planning Orientation Summer 2019 Abstract The general purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of family education classes on

Number of pages: 98 Category: Educational Sciences

Thesis for receiving the master's degree “M. A.” Field of Educational Sciences, Curriculum Planning, Year 1993, Effectiveness of Family Education on Maternal Educational Perspective

Number of pages: 98 Category: Management

Thesis for obtaining a master's degree in educational management (M.A.) academic year: 1392-93 Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the leadership style of educational managers and the mental health of teachers

Number of pages: 117 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Planning Summer 2019 Abstract: This research aims to investigate the quality of services of educational complexes in districts 1 and 2 of A

Number of pages: 85 Category: Educational Sciences

Master's Thesis Field: M.A. Orientation: Strategic Academic Year: 2013 - 1392 Abstract of this research in order to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence on the quality of nursing care in Derm teaching hospitals.

Number of pages: 112 Category: Nutritional Sciences

Dissertation of master's course in the field of educational sciences, history and philosophy of education, winter 93 Abstract: This research aims to analyze the content of moral concepts and themes in the Holy Quran and with the aim of

Number of pages: 111 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Preschool Education Abstract The aim of this research is to examine the aesthetic elements in the design of the educational environment of preschool centers based on the guidelines of the country's welfare organization and to comply with the existing standards. The design of the educational environment is very important in order to create ...

Number of pages: 205 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Psychology Abstract: The present research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the quality of services in the secondary schools of Garmsar city. This research is applied and descriptive (survey). The number of the statistical population is 2029 people, of which 322 people were randomly selected as a sample and examined. To collect ...

Number of pages: 205 Category: Psychology

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Psychology Abstract: The present research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the quality of services in the secondary schools of Garmsar city. This research is applied and descriptive (survey). The number of the statistical population is 2029 people, of which 322 people were randomly selected as a sample and examined. To collect ...

Number of pages: 156 Category: Educational Sciences

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the presence of mobile educational factor in multimedia on students' learning, memorization and learning motivation in geography. To conduct the research, from among the statistical population of the research, which were all female students in the third year of middle school in district 4 of district 6 of ...

Number of pages: 147 Category: Educational Sciences

Master's thesis in the field of educational sciences, orientation, abstract, the purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between the use of information technology and the expansion of equal educational opportunities in Mazandaran province, which was carried out in a survey way. The statistical population consisted of all the employees of the education ...

Number of pages: 158 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) Field: History and Philosophy of Education Dissertation Abstract (including summary, objectives, methods of implementation and results obtained): The purpose of this research is to provide an appropriate answer to the question of what are the educational and educational aspects of hope in Islam? And what role does it play in human mental ...

Number of pages: 112 Category: Educational Sciences

Master's thesis in the field of educational sciences, history and philosophy of education. Abstract: This research was conducted in order to analyze the content of moral concepts and themes in the Holy Quran and with the aim of presenting a model of the educational moral system based on the moral concepts of the Quran. In this study, descriptive, analytical, and inferential ...

Number of pages: 153 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in educational technology, abstract; The aim of the current research was to investigate the external cognitive load created in multimedia based on Merrill's educational design model in the biology course. In terms of purpose, this research is practical and in terms of methodology, it is among quasi-experimental researches. The ...

Number of pages: 195 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for obtaining a master's degree in the field of measurement and measurement research abstract The aim of the current research was to investigate the validity and reliability of biology and Persian literature courses in the final exams of the secondary education system. The society was all the questions of the final exams of experimental sciences of the third year of ...

Number of pages: 90 Category: Management

Master's Thesis (M.A.) Business Management (Transformation Management) Abstract: Information technology has long been one of the most fundamental factors of transformation in human life. The function of any technology in societies depends entirely on its culture. Organizational culture causes common understanding and agreement on organizational procedures, and at the same time, ...

Number of pages: 122 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A) in the field of Dramatic Literature. Dissertation abstract (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): Solar eighties, in terms of political and social conditions, is one of the turbulent decades of Iran's contemporary history. In this decade, the reformist government that believed in granting more freedoms ...

Number of pages: 120 Category: Art - Graphics

Dissertation abstract (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and results obtained): In the subject of designing and illustrating and compiling a textbook, expertise is required and illustrators in this field can design and present the best images according to the characteristics of their audience. The educational books of the primary school period have a special ...

Number of pages: 199 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Master's degree thesis showing the trend of dramatic literature is an ironic abstract of the clever techniques that great writers and poets use to deepen their literary work or increase its effectiveness. A technique in which the ironist writer uses the contradiction between ""what he says"" and ""what he really means"" to make the audience think and sometimes make him laugh. ...

Number of pages: 108 Category: Management

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A.) Direction: ""Marketing"" Abstract Today, with the advancement of technology, all the concepts related to the market and consumer have undergone fundamental changes. The prevalence of computer use as one of the most effective technologies of this century, as well as the spread of the Internet and its combination with the supply and sale of ...

Number of pages: 139 Category: Management

Academic thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the field: business management, specialization: finance. Abstract: How to improve the level of educational effectiveness to realize a knowledge-based economy is one of the main challenges faced by managers and planners, and in this regard, various policies have been used, of which the change in the mechanisms of providing and ...

Number of pages: 147 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M-A) Abstract: In this research, the popular culture and literature of Erzuye city has been investigated, the science of the customs and traditions of people and the beliefs of the people can be considered as the meaning of the traditional arts of a nation that have achieved high cultural, artistic, social and economic values. A corner of the ...

Number of pages: 146 Category: Literature - Persian Language

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.A.) major: Persian language and literature. Abstract The searching mind of man is looking for an answer to find out how human culture and civilization has evolved and what are these relative differences of human culture for? Undoubtedly, different types of folk culture, which include: fictional, literary, historical works, language arts, ...

Number of pages: 120 Category: Literature - Persian Language

The thesis for obtaining a master's degree (M.A) is an abstract of Persian language, which represents the culture and national identity of us Iranians. This language has gone through many ups and downs in the course of time, but it still remains immortal. The secret of Persian language's immortality can be seen in having a rich cultural support; A culture that nurtured great ...