The approximate role of Iranian Sufis of the 7th century with emphasis on the opinions of Rumi

Abstract

The topic of this research is "the approximate role of Iranian Sufis in the 7th century with an emphasis on Rumi's opinion", which was carried out with the aim of explaining how the role of the Sufis of the 7th century influenced the approximation of religions.

In fact, this research seeks to: explore the concept of approximation and Sufism and the relationship between these concepts, examine the role of the 7th century Sufis in the approximation of religions, examine the works of Rumi, understand the role of Rumi in the approximation between religions. Religions.

The theoretical discussions of this research are a combination of the categories of Sufism and mysticism, Sharia and Tariqat, and the journey in the life and works of the 7th century Sufis; Their role is in rapprochement between religions and especially the role and position of Rumi in this context. The research method in this research is documents that have been investigated by studying documents and books in both real and virtual ways.

The findings of this research showed; Rumi's message is a message of peace, friendship and hypocrisy for the followers of all religions. He believes that the ways to reach God are different and each of the religions and sects move towards him in their own way, but the destination (God) is the same in every way, so there should not be any conflict between the followers of different religions.

Key words: Sufism, mysticism, convergence of religions, 7th century Sufis, Rumi.

Foreword

Religious differences are one of the problems today, especially It takes many victims in Muslim countries on a daily basis. It seems; Muslims need more than ever to agree and empathize with each other in front of the enemies of Islam to solve their problems. Although some of these differences have historical roots, however, during different historical periods, there were people who made great efforts to reconcile religions, one of the most important of them is Rumi, who made great efforts in the field of rapprochement between religions through the language of poetry. This research seeks to examine the role and position of the 7th century Sufis in the approximation of religions with an emphasis on the role of Rumi, of course, an effort has been made to use all available capacities regarding approximation. In the hope that we will finally be able to provide solutions for the approximation of religions.

This research is organized in five chapters:

Chapter 1: The generalities of the research such as statement of the problem, necessity of the research, goals and so on.

The second chapter: The definitions, origins, history of the emergence of mysticism and Sufism, their difference and their distinction with Sharia and Tariqat are discussed.

The third chapter: The biography, description of the thoughts and methods of the 7th century Sufis are presented.

Chapter five: conclusions and solutions have been discussed.

Introduction

This chapter is dedicated to the generalities of the research; In this chapter, we examine topics such as statement of the problem, the necessity of research, research objectives, research questions, research methods, concepts and terms, and obstacles and limitations of research.

12 statement of the problem

Today, more than any other time, the difference between religions has caused division between their followers, and the many wars that have arisen due to the difference between religions and religions show themselves more than ever, which in fact Islam and the Muslim community suffer more from this situation.

Some of these differences that are more prominent in the current era can be considered to have historical roots. In such a way that these differences have existed since the beginning of different religions. Of course, different individuals and groups have tried to achieve greater unity between religions by resolving these differences.

One of the most important of these groups is the group of Sufis. Sufism is a special way of life that provides comfort and inner relief and Sufi happiness in a way other than carrying out normal life activities, by enduring hardships and asceticism and abandoning worldly pleasures and following the principle of "escape from material life". They have searched from Islam.[2]

Of course, some do not consider Sufism to be of Islamic origin and they believe that Sufism was actually introduced when religion and philosophy were growing in all directions and philosophical and theological discussions had begun.

From the fifth century to the seventh century of Hijri, numerous mystical books were compiled and the great lineages of Sufis were formed, one of the largest and most famous of them is the Molaviyeh lineage.They were the disciples of Khalaf and the trained scholars of Mawlana's elders, who, according to the custom of the time, made the manners and training of his religious gatherings along with the teaching and recitation of the Masnavi and Ghazals of Mawlana into a special tariqat, and like the Sufi lineages, they founded the Maulviyya Tariqat.

Maulavi is one of the greatest mystics of the 7th century. He has left great works in the field of mysticism. Masnavi is like a spiritual travelogue of Rumi, which expresses his situations in dealing with Sufi and mystical experiences, he explained the truths of Sufism with the codes of Quranic verses and prophetic news and hadiths.

From Rumi's point of view, Sufism meant love and freedom from self. He considers Sufism to be love and attraction and perfection in the world of truth. Maulana rejected the differences and divisions between believers, infidels, Muslims, and cowards because they hinder the realization of unity and oneness, because he saw the perfection of absolute existence in man and humanity. In this context, the following can be mentioned: [3]

Molawi used various similes to express his point of view, for example, he compares the people of division to different plants and trees and says: Although plants and trees have different colors, shapes and properties, their life-giver is the same water. Similarly, even though people in this world have different religions and beliefs; But the comprehensive of all these divisions and dispersions is Hazrat Haqq.

Maulana has made many efforts to bring the religions closer by using poetry, allegory and even by using Quranic verses and hadiths. According to these materials and other exploratory studies that have shown the effective role of Sufis on the rapprochement between religions. In this research, we are trying to investigate the role of the Sufis of the 7th century on the approximation of religions, but considering the importance and prominent role of Rumi in the 7th century and even according to the belief of some in the following centuries, this study has been done with an emphasis on the role of Rumi in the approximation of religions; At the same time, the role of other Sufis is mentioned.

13 Necessity of Research

The increasing spread of religious differences, especially those that have fueled the Sunni and Shiite sects, and have faced serious threats to the lives of Muslims in different parts of the world on a daily basis.

The lack of unity between Muslim countries, which is often created due to different religious approaches, has had results other than preventing the progress and development of Muslim countries. As a result, except for a few Muslim countries, the rest of the countries do not have a good and high level of prosperity. The continuation of the current situation can cause dissatisfaction among Muslims and even their skepticism towards religion.

Certainly, identifying the factors affecting the rapprochement between religions is one of the necessary things, Sufis are one of the groups that have tried throughout history to bring about the rapprochement of religions with conditions. Organizations trying to align themselves with rapprochement.

Also, managers of political fields can use the results of this study to prepare plans and executive programs for the rapprochement between religions and design, implement and monitor more practical programs in this area.

It is hoped that by conducting this research and providing solutions for the rapprochement of religions, a new window will be opened in analyzing and finding the causes of the obstacles to rapprochement.

14 Background Research

The topic of Sufism, how it is formed and its effects in culture and society has long been the focus of Sunni, Shia and non-Muslim thinkers and analysts and they have been researched and examined from various angles, but no independent work has been done regarding the impact of Sufism on the approximation of Islamic religions. impartiality in this field is very limited, although many researches have been conducted on Sufis and Sufis of the 7th century, but no research has been done that directly investigates the influence and role of Rumi in the approximation of religions.