Comparison of duty-oriented religiosity and self-centered religiosity

Master's Thesis in the field of Quran and Hadith Sciences

Abstract

Since a group in the matter of religiosity deviates from the path of moderation and imposes difficulties on themselves and others in the name of religious duty and deviates from the purposes of the Sharia, this thesis entitled (Comparison of duty-oriented religiosity and self-centered religiosity) by analytical documentary method, examines the centrality of duty in religiosity with the aim of achieving and understanding duty-oriented religiosity. On the basis of God's commandments and good fortune, he has analyzed the moral qualities of the good and the symptoms of the bad qualities, according to the Shari'ah of Sahlah and Samha, and in contrast to it, he has analyzed and recognized the obligation in religious obligation. Religiosity derived from prejudices, heresies, excesses, carnal and satanic temptations, as well as wrong customs and traditions, which those who engage in religion put themselves in pain and suffering due to perceptions outside of divine limits in performing religious duties, and in addition to being deprived of the joy of worship, they are also subjected to divine wrath. They are oblivious to fulfilling the rights of God and the rights of people, but they are too careful about fulfilling their duties and eventually they fall into the trap of obsessions and behavioral abnormalities. The result is that duty-oriented religiosity originates from insight in order to gain knowledge, and self-centered religiosity is a false religiosity that forces a person to do false and useless actions and diverts him and his society from the right path. Therefore, he will suffer losses in this world and the hereafter.

Key words: religiosity - religious obligation - religious obligation - tolerance and religious tolerance - caution

Introduction

Thanks be to God who made Islam clear and obvious, for those who enter it, make the ways of its source easy and strengthen its pillars and foundations, so that No one can overcome and increase it, so he made it safe for the one who attached himself to it, and a sign (salvation) for the one who sought the path of truth, and a lesson and knowledge for the one who accepted the admonition. So Islam is the clearest ways and the most obvious religion. "Ablaj al-manahij wa awzah al-walaij" (Nahj al-Balagha Khutba 105) and whose religion and religion is better than the one who submits himself to God and is a good person. "And who is good in religion, from whom is Islam, and the face of Allah, and He is good" (Nisaa/125) He also sent down the Qur'an as a book of guidance in the matter of religion, so that it is a guidance for the pious. ) and a reminder for the believers. "Zhikr? l'almu'minin" (A'raf/2) Believers are religious people who protect this divine trust during their material life in order to reach spiritual life by taking advantage of divine teachings and performing religious duties. "And they are for their trusts and their covenants" (Momonun: 8) and they have been far away from deviation in belief and practice and have been guided to the right religion of Abraham (the one who is far from superstitions). "Qul إنَّني حداني ربِي إلى سراطٍ موستقيمٍ دينا قيمام مللا َ يبْراحيمَ حنيفا" (An'am/161) So they take care of their religion so that they are protected from the error of going astray. "O you who believe in yourselves, you will not be harmed by those who have gone astray if you have been led astray" (Ma'idah / 104). And they make the path of religiosity uneven for themselves and others. It may seem logical if we consider the starting point of this reprehensible trait as the signs of Satan from the door of truth, when he offered immortality to Adam (peace be upon him) and his wife, contrary to the divine order, so that they would descend from their position by being close to the forbidden tree. "Faws il-ye-al-shaitanu Qal ya Adam hal-adul-k-a-al-shajareh-e-khuld-e wa-mulk-la-yabli" (Taha/ 120) and this deviation in the religions and ages after and now with the favor of Shazait and The contexts have appeared in a purposeful way and have caused the humiliation of Islam. So in this article, considering the above issue and with the help of God's grace, the roots and consequences of taqlf in religion, which has caused personal and social harm, should be analyzed and evaluated according to the requirements of the current world. In this way, in the first chapter, the general aspects of this research are examined, in the second chapter, the concept and method of religion from the perspective of verses and traditions, during which the concept of religion and various views about it, religious insight, imitation in jurisprudence, the difference between attribution to a religion and adherence to it are explained.Religious duty and duty-oriented religiosity and the concept of obligation in religion, religious duty and human freedom, an overview of the relationship between right and duty from the perspective of Islam, the concept and standard of tolerance and the rule of negation of harm and the rule of harm in Islamic jurisprudence will be examined in the third chapter. And in the fourth chapter, the examination and criticism of strictness in religiosity in terms of belief and practice will be discussed. Superstition, exaggeration, pluralism, and bigotry are among the types of deviation from the criteria of stability of belief, and obsession, imitation of the common people, heresies and distortions, wrong ethnic and local customs and personal desires are among the types of deviation from correct religious observance, which, while examining it, the effective factors in religiosity free from obligation such as piety, sincerity, certainty, and knowledge of the wisdom of worship are expressed. And in this connection, examining the rule of caution is effective in understanding the topic.

The summary and conclusion of the aforementioned discussion, in the fifth chapter, completes the discussion.

It is also worth mentioning that for the translation of the verses of the Qur'an, the translation of Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi and the translation of the sentences of Nahj al-Balagheh, the translation of Muhammad Dashti have been used. It is perfect and incomplete, I ask him with the language of revelation:

Rabbi Adkhalni Mudkhal Sadaq and Akhrajni Mukhraj Sadaq and make me the Sultan of Naseer.

O God, enter me (in every work) with honesty and leave me with honesty, and give me a helping hand from you.

Chapter 1-Generalities

1-1- Determining the topic of research and its importance

Based on his creation and nature, man needs religion and the question of religiosity requires him to refer to religion for religious tasks. Religion is a set of beliefs, morals, laws and regulations with the goal of salvation for the management of affairs and human development. Obligation means to oblige in front of the divine teachings and to follow the commands and prohibitions of the Lord.

A obligated person is a person who is subject to the divine demand (commands and prohibitions) and the actions and behavior of such a person are limited to the limits and divine law. According to God's commandment, "Fastaqem kama ummert"[1] religiosity should be based on divine commands. So, in this regard, since the word duty in duty-oriented religiosity seems to induce a kind of heaviness and difficulty in action, opponents and people with different opinions towards it with different and unacceptable understandings of performing duties, ignore it or sometimes get deviated in performing religious duties with wrong perceptions, which by examining the factors of this type of religiosity, the position of duty-oriented religiosity is well revealed.

1-2- How to choose the subject

that sometimes religious behavior is derived from unnecessary excesses and excesses. In religion, in addition to the weakness of Islam, it also leads to disillusionment and aversion to religion, especially in the young class, and disintegration in the family and society. While examining the topics of the Nahj al-Balagheh book, dutifulness in religion occupied my mind, so I decided to examine the issue of duty-oriented religiosity in comparison to religious dutifulness, so that perhaps those who are dutiful in religion may use it to warn their religion, the world, and their society from slavery. 3-1-3-Objectives and benefits of the research

Many family and community systems have been disintegrated and turned away from religion due to some troublesome and abnormal behaviors. Obligation in worldly and religious matters is like a fence that creates limitations and hinders the growth and development of man and society. Many of the religious evasions of young people in the society may be the result of the incorrect introduction of religion in the form of words and behavior. Don't be careless in religion and religious manifestations in individual and social life, and as a result, the position of Muslims and religious necessities should be preserved.