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Investigating the religious and political commonalities of Umayyads and Wahhabism

Number of pages: 115 File Format: word File Code: 32677
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Master's degree Category: History
Tags/Keywords: Arabia - Bani Umayyad - Common beliefs - Reformist Salafis - Selfie - Subscription funds - successors - Traditional selfies - Wahhabism
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    Master thesis

    Group: Shi'a Theology

    Dissertation abstract:

    Bani Umayyah is a branch of the Quraysh family that ruled from 41 A.H. to 132 A.H. throughout the Islamic world and from 138 A.H. to 422 A.H. They ruled Spain. At the time of the Prophet's mission, they adopted strict obstacles towards the Prophet, they apparently accepted Islam in the conquest of Makkah, but inwardly they still insisted on their false beliefs. During the caliphate of Muawiyah, they established relations with the Eastern Roman Empire and were influenced by Roman culture. There are verses in the Qur'an that are attributed to the Umayyads. The movement of Wahhabism in the 12th century. It was created by Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, although its foundation was established by Ahmad Ibn Taymiyyah in the 8th century AH. It was founded. The thoughts and beliefs of this sect follow the thoughts and beliefs of the Umayyads. The intellectual background of Wahhabism goes back to Israel. They propagate their sect in different ways, such as: chanting religious slogans, enjoying the support of arrogant values ??and . The Wahhabi sect has not brought a new word, but has expanded the thinking of the Umayyad era and has entered the field to extinguish the light of Islam. As the Prophet said: The Umayyads never became Muslims and they pretended to be this religion by necessity, and later history showed that after the death of the Prophet, the Umayyad family revealed their inner disbelief. Wahhabism is derived from the thoughts of personalities such as Abu Sufyan, Mu'awiyah, Hajjaj bin Thaqafi, who have hatred towards the name of the Prophet and are angry that the name of the Messenger of God appears next to the name of God in the Qur'an. One of the Muftis of Makkah writes in his memoirs that a good muezzin in Riyadh greeted him by saying the name of the Prophet, and Muhammad Abd al-Wahhab, the founder of the Wahhabi sect, beheaded him when he heard this. Today, Wahhabism is in conflict with the Ahl al-Bayt and they publicly announce the destruction of the shrines of Hazrat Ali, Imam Hussain, and Hazrat Abbas, while Khaled bin Waleed, one of the companions of the Prophet, hurt the heart of the Messenger of God many times, but Wahhabism has no sensitivity towards his shrine and court. In the last few years, a movement is forming that leads Wahhabism to the Salafist sect. The Salafi sect is often divided into three categories in the world: First, the traditional and courtly Salafis who are appointed by the ruler of Saudi Arabia and under the title of the Supreme Council of Afta, yes, they are the King of Saudi Arabia. The third category is the political and jihadist Salafist sect, which has no other goal than killing Muslims, and considers all Islamic countries to be the land of infidelity, and formed groups such as Bin Laden and the Taliban to advance their goals.

    Key words: Bani Umayyah, Wahhabism, commonalities, Salafism, Caliphs, Ibn Taymiyyah.

                         

    Introduction

    Praise be to God Almighty, whose obedience brings you closeness, and thanks to Him, the blessing of every soul that descends is praise. It comes with the joy of nature. Therefore, there are two blessings in every breath, and gratitude is obligatory for every blessing. Is it his duty to thank him?

    Al Dawud thankfully and Qalil and I Abadi al-Shokur.

    The concern of the Prophet of Islam about the caliphate and the fate of the Islamic Ummah had caused him, on the one hand, to repeatedly introduce the position and importance of the love of the Ahl al-Baytb and describe them as "Imam", "Wali", "Caliph" and "inseparable weight". on the other hand, by prophesying the impending seditions, he exposed the currents of hypocrisy and deviant groups, and clearly stated the duties of the people in this critical situation. Indeed, the words of this nobleman about the existence of hypocritical currents and deviant groups are reminiscent of this verse of Hafez who says:

    The war of seventy-two nations excuses everyone because they did not see the truth of the ten legends They struck

    Perhaps it is safe to say that among these groups, "Bani Umayyah" was the most terrible sedition whose real face was shown to them in the world of dreams more than the death of the Messenger of God.

    A dream that later came true due to the negligence of the Muslims and people appeared on the pulpit and mihrab of the noble Prophet who did not see any pleasure or sufficiency in its existence. They go, they change things

    Therefore, the Islamic world was caught in the Umayyad sedition for nearly a century, and it was the same sedition that Amir al-Mu'minan Ali, during his caliphate, referred to that sedition as "blind", "dark" and "pervasive" and warned everyone against it. This dissertation, which tries to identify the two groups of the Umayyads and the Wahhabis, and deals with their commonalities in thought, thoughts, beliefs and actions, consists of three chapters.

    The first chapter is dedicated to the history of the Umayyads and begins with the literal definition of the term Bani Umayyah, then the lineage of the Umayyads is briefly explained, followed by the history of the Umayyads from Jahiliyyah to the Ba'ath and also the period before and after. From the Prophet k and also the era coinciding with the caliphate of Imam Ali is presented, in the continuation of these discussions a history of the caliphs of this government is presented and after that the cultural era of the Umayyads is evaluated. The new Salafi (Wahhabism) is discussed and the history of the intellectual founders of this sect is presented, then the intellectual background of this sect, i.e. the Israelis and their importers, such as Kaab Al-Ahbar, Tamim Dari, Abdullah bin Salam and Wahhab bin Manba Sanani, is discussed, and the conclusion of this chapter is the effective factors in the propaganda of Wahhabism, the most important of which are the cultural, religious and economic weakness of the land of Najd, the cooperation of Al Saud, the use of the Hajj season and the support of arrogant powers and so on. are dedicated.

    The third chapter of this thesis deals with the common features of the two groups, the Umayyads and the Wahhabis, in terms of thoughts, actions, and actions, and they are discussed in several topics, such as: heresy, distortion, killing of Muslims, etc. It examines and evaluates, and at the end, the results obtained from the research are presented.

    Definition of the problem

    The Wahhabi sect is one of the emerging sects with a background from the Jewish and Umayyad eras, whose ideas and thoughts have spread to many raw and inexperienced youth. The philosophy behind the creation of Wahhabism was to revive the tradition of the Umayyad dynasty. Wahhabism came into existence so that they could revive the slogan of the Umayyads in the society. For example, the first person who introduced the Sunnah of the Prophet regarding wearing a ring on the right hand was Mu'awiya, and he introduced this heresy in opposition to the Prophet, and now the Salafis either do not wear rings or wear them on their left hand. Either Bismillah is not said in prayer or it is said very quietly, and this was also established by Muawiyah because Hazrat Ali used to say Bismillah loudly. The Wahhabi sect has not brought a new word, but has expanded the thinking of the Umayyad era and has entered the field to extinguish the light of Islam. As the Prophet said: The Umayyads never became Muslims and they pretended to be this religion by necessity, and later history showed that after the death of the Prophet, the Umayyad family revealed their inner disbelief. They will become angry.

    The historical scope of this research includes the Umayyad caliphate era and the contemporary era, in the current era, the Wahhabi sect, with the mask of Ahl al-Sunna, seeks to create a division between the Sunnis and the Shia, and the Wahhabi and Salafis are the extension of the Umayyads, but they are the revivalists of the same, which today in Arabia in defense of the crimes and beliefs of Muawiya and Hajjaj Ibn Yusuf, books are published and in the market of Mecca and Medina is sold next to the Quran; The Salafis consider themselves indebted to them and follow the Umayyads.

  • Contents & References of Investigating the religious and political commonalities of Umayyads and Wahhabism

    List:

    Introduction 5

    Problem definition 6

    Research background 7

    Research necessity 8

    Research objective 8

    Research questions 8

    A) Main questions_8

    B) Secondary questions_9

    Hypothesis 9

    A) Main hypotheses- 9

    B) Sub-hypotheses- 9

    Research method 9

    Chapter one: Bani Umayyad 10

    Bani Umayyad in the word 11

    Nasb of Bani Umayyad 12

    Bani Umayyad from Jahiliyyah to Baath. The Prophet 13

    The Umayyads and the Prophets 15

    From Badr to the conquest of Mecca 17

    The Umayyads after the Prophet 19

    The Umayyads and Imam Ali 21

    The Caliphs of the Umayyads 23

    1- Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan (41-60 AH) 24

    2. Yazid bin Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan (60-64 AH) 24

    3. Muawiya bin Yazid bin Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan (64 AH) 24

    4. Marwan bin Al-Hakim bin Al-Aas (64-65 AH) 24

    5. Abdul Malik bin Marwan bin Al-Hakm (73-86 25

    6. Waleed bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (86-96 AH) 25

    7. Suleiman bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (96-99 AH) 25

    8. Umar bin Abdulaziz bin Marwan (99-101 AH) 25

    9. Yazid bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (101-105) AH) 25

    10. Hisham bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (105-125 AH) 26

    11. Walid bin Yazid bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (125-126 AH) 26

    12. Yazid bin Walid bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (126 AH) 26

    13. Ibrahim bin Walid bin Abdul Malik bin Marwan (126 A.H.) 26

    14. Marwan bin Muhammad bin Marwan (127-132 A.H.) 26

    Cultural era of the Umayyads 27

    Muawiya's relations with the Eastern Roman Empire 27

    Relations between the Umayyad caliphs and Eastern Rome (from the time of Yazid to Abdul Malik) 29

    Relations The Umayyads with Eastern Rome (from the beginning of the caliphate of Abd al-Malik to the fall of the Umayyads) 31

    Cultural influences of Eastern Rome on the Umayyads_ 38

    The Umayyads in terms of the revelation of the verses 39

    Chapter Two: Wahhabism 54

    Salafiism 55

    The lexical concept of Salafi 55

    Ideological concept Salafi 56

    Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, the leader of the Salafist school 57

    Historical factors of the emergence of the Salafist school 58

    New Salafism (Wahhabi Sect) 58

    Founders of the Wahhabi Sect 59

    A) Ibn Taymiyyah, the intellectual founder of Wahhabi 59

    B) Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab_ 61

    Wahhabi intellectual background (Israelites) 63

    The word Israelites_ 63

    Israelites in interpretive and historical books_64

    Importers of Israelites in Islamic culture 65

    1. Ka'b al-Ahbar 66

    2. Tamim Dari_ 68

    3. Abdullah bin Salam_ 68

    4. Wahhab bin Manba Sanani_ 69

    Effective factors in the propagation of Wahhabism 71

    1- Division and dispersion of people_ 72

    2- Cultural, religious and economic weakness in the land of Najd_ 74

    A- Poverty and discrimination__ 76

    B- Weakness of faith of the new generation_ 77

    C- Ignorance of religious people_ 77

    3- Al Saud cooperation 78

    4- Chanting religious slogans_ 79

    5- Instrumental use of the sacred shrines_ 81

    6- Using the Hajj season_ 83

    7- Considering the property of opponents as halal_ 84

    8- Support and support of arrogant powers_ 84

    9- Imposing and insisting on belief 87

    10- Anti-Shia publications_89

    11- Monopolizing publishing and library centers_90

    A) Libraries 91

    B) Publishing centers_ 93

    12. Using media tools (press, radio, television, news and websites) 94

    Chapter 3: Commonalities of Bani Umayyah and Wahhabism 97

    Wahhabism shared with Bani Umayyad caliphs 98

    1) Insulting the rules of religion and blasphemous acts and sayings 99

    2- Distortion of religion_ 104

    3) The killing of Muslims_110

    A) Ziyad bin Abiyeh_110

    B) Basr bin Artah 111

    C) Hajjaj bin Yusuf Thaqfi_112

    1-4) Umayyah and creating division among Muslims_117

    A) Ideological-religious division_ 117

    B) Political division_118

    C) Ethnic-racial division_118

    2-4) Wahhabism and creating division among Muslims_119

    A) Discrimination in the dimension of education_119

    B) Discrimination in terms of religion and belief_120

    C) Discrimination Cultural_ 121

    D) Discrimination in administration and law enforcement_ 122

    E) Economic discrimination_ 122

    5) Heresy- 124

    A) Calling the call to prayer during Eid prayer (Fitr and Qurban)Use of media tools (press, radio, television, news reports and websites) 94

    Chapter 3: Commonalities between Bani Umayyads and Wahhabism 97

    Wahhabism shared with Bani Umayyad caliphs 98

    1) Insulting the rules of religion and blasphemous actions and words 99

    2- Distortion of religion_ 104

    3) Killing of Muslims_110

    A) Ziyad bin Abiyeh_110

    B) Basr bin Artah 111

    C) Hajjaj bin Yusuf Thaqfi_112

    1-4) Bani Umayyah and creating division among Muslims_117

    A) Ideological-religious division_ 117

    B) Political division_118

    C) Ethnic-racial division_118

    2-4) Wahhabism and creating division among Muslims_119

    A) Discrimination in the dimension of education_119

    B) Discrimination in terms of religion and belief_120

    C) Discrimination Cultural_121

    D) Discrimination in administration and law enforcement_122

    E) Economic discrimination_122

    5) Heresy_124

    A) Calling the call to prayer during the Eid prayer (Fitr and Qurban) 124

    B) Giving the Eid sermon before the prayer 124

    C) Making usury permissible 125

    d) Complete prayer while traveling 125

    e) Omission of "Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim" in prayer 126

    f) Omission of talbiya in the Hajj ceremony_ 127

    6) Enmity with Muslims and friendship with infidels_ 133

    7) Stubbornness and stubbornness_ 136

    8- Cursing 140. Conclusion 145. Sources and sources 147. Abstract 156. Muhammad Hussain, A New Analysis of Wahhabi Beliefs, Qom: Islamic Propaganda Office of the Seminary, 1379, 4th edition.

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Investigating the religious and political commonalities of Umayyads and Wahhabism
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