The requirements of girls' religious education and the role of religion and life textbooks in this regard

Master's thesis in the field of Nahj al-Balagheh

Abstract

Since education has a very high place in human life and the education and upbringing of each country is considered to be a reflection of the entire culture, values, and educational heritage of that country. Therefore, in this thesis, the issue of religious education of girls and the role of textbooks in this regard has been discussed through the library method. The purpose of writing this research is to achieve the growth and strengthening of religious beliefs in students and to achieve the lofty ideals and lofty goals of the country's religion and culture. The best type of training is to consider the natural conditions and characteristics of the trainers. Due to the compatibility of Islam with human nature, it is necessary to base educational teachings on the religion of Islam. Currently, despite the important role they play in religious education, textbooks are written in the same way for all students, including boys and girls. While all experts in the field of education agree on the existence of psychological and physiological differences and the effect of those factors on the specific educational methods of each group. Because successful education is based on the gender of the educators. Therefore, the necessity of writing textbooks on religion and life, according to the needs and natural and sexual characteristics of each group, in order to grow and improve them to reach the goals of education, seems necessary and necessary. Also, the same attitude towards religion and life course with other curriculum units has caused that these books cannot fulfill their mission in the matter of religious education and the development of moral virtues in students as it should, and it is considered only as a curriculum unit. As a result, effective steps can be taken in the religious education of girls by changing the current system that governs the content and teaching methods of these books.

Keywords: education, religious education, high school girls, religion and life books

Introduction

The purpose of Islamic education is to provide the basics for the movement and guidance of a person in a straight path and to facilitate the ascent to the stage of human perfection. History has shown that religion has played an important role in education, so that the main goal of learning science and knowledge and studying simple books and grammar. In order to better understand the verses of the Qur'an and religious teachings, and to send children to schools and educational institutions, to teach the teachings of the right religion and religious education. Hazrat Ali (AS) considered literature and education to be the best inheritance that fathers can leave for their children: Al-Adab » [1]

In this regard, today more than ever before, efforts should be made to raise children, especially girls; Because on the one hand, nearly half of the active and efficient forces of the society are women and girls, and on the other hand, their role in family and social arenas is very important. Their vulnerability will lead to the vulnerability of the society. Because since they have heavy duties, there will be many pitfalls in their way from the society.

Both girls and boys are considered human beings. and they belong to the same type of beings, as a rule, they share some methods of education (whether religious or non-religious education). Of course, there are also differences that make some of these methods specific.

Undoubtedly, the spiritual characteristics and innate needs of girls and boys are different. Since the educational system should be based on the gender of the people, therefore, some methods and effective factors of the religious education of girls are different from boys. Because many of these factors arise from the psychological and physiological characteristics of girls. All moral and religious orders have a natural basis, because what is mentioned in the Qur'an as a divine order or what religious leaders have mentioned is all set based on the innate and natural needs of human beings. It is not that moral and religious programs have been imposed on people, as a skilled doctor adjusts his medical prescription based on the physical and mental needs of the patient. On this principle, people who somehow delay in carrying out moral and religious programs, in fact, harm their physical and mental health.

Also, the difference in the different responsibilities of men and women in many cases requires religious education that fits those conditions.. Special educational methods and principles of girls in the society require the compilation of many books and discussions, which depend on the accuracy and study of researchers in social-family relations. But it should not necessarily lead to the opposite oppression of the male gender.

If women and girls in the society observe Shari'a orders in their behavior, trade and commuting, fulfilling their responsibilities, moral deviations will be reduced to a significant extent; Because most of the cultural and social disorders in the society are caused by the lack of religious education of the young generation, especially girls. The necessity of this preparation is to internalize moral values ??and virtues and religious beliefs among this group.

The most important goal of educating girls, in addition to self-improvement and cultivating religious beliefs, is to acquaint them with techniques and ways of life such as husbandry, child rearing, neighborliness and socializing with people. This means that girls, along with learning religious ideas and learning Islamic behaviors, should also learn to play a role in various fields of life. It is the duty of mothers to teach roles to their sons and daughters from a young age; Because the home environment is the most suitable environment for girls to learn their roles and the mother is considered the most worthy teacher and guide for the girl. According to some experts, this is not possible except by teaching the system of planning and implementation of education and training, which, taking into account the important material and spiritual resources of the society and using effective and efficient methods and strategies, tries to educate a generation that believes in the basics of Islam, acts on the divine rules and customs, and enjoys moral virtues, and is at the forefront of all activities and the headlines of all individual and social behaviors of that generation.[2]

Among the tools of religious education for girls are textbooks and educational books that have been written and planned in this regard. In this research, which has been compiled in five chapters, an attempt is made to study and investigate the importance of girls' religious education and the effective role of religion and life textbooks in girls' religious education. Because it seems that these courses were considered as a unit of study and only fulfilled their educational role and did not play such a role in education. Also, the need to write books on religion and life specifically for girls according to their educational needs at different stages is one of the important topics that the authors of textbooks should pay attention to. Considering that the role of the content of textbooks is one of the important influencing factors in creating interest and attention to religious teachings in students, therefore, it seems necessary to write textbooks on religion and life according to the educational needs of each group of girls and boys. Of course, the influential role of other educational factors such as family, educational environment and society cannot be ignored in this important matter. However, despite consecutive years of teaching religious education books in a long-term course of study, it is expected that after the end of this course, the student will have received religious education as well. and adolescence, the needs and demands of puberty and adolescence, the duties of parents and educators in relation to girls' puberty and parts of related topics are discussed. In the third chapter, the religious education of girls and its importance and the requirements of religious education of girls to fulfill their important responsibilities in the family and society, the economic education of girls, how they interact with society, and issues such as hijab, relationships with the opposite sex, and women's employment are compiled. In the fourth chapter, the secondary school religion and life textbooks are examined, and the merits and demerits of these books are given according to the goals of writing them and their purpose for the religious education of girls. Pathology of the topics of the books according to the needs of the religious education of girls in order to achieve the goals of the religion of Islam, and the lack of addressing the topics needed by girls, in the fields of rulings and special educational issues for girls, are among the other topics of the fourth chapter. In the fifth chapter, conclusions and suggestions for changing the books A lesson based on attention to the educational needs of girls and recommendations for attention to the religious education of girls has been given to religion and life teachers.

Statement of the problem and research topic

One of the basic issues of human life is the issue of education and training. Education also has a wide scope. One of the most important types of education is religious education.