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  3. Thermoeconomic and exergeoeconomic optimization of combined cycle heat recovery boiler and simultaneous power and fresh water production system in Neka power plant using genetic algorithm

Thermoeconomic and exergeoeconomic optimization of combined cycle heat recovery boiler and simultaneous power and fresh water production system in Neka power plant using genetic algorithm

Number of pages: 128 File Format: word File Code: 32578
Year: 2013 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Facilities - Mechanics
Tags/Keywords: Boiler - Combined cycle heat - Economy - Exergy destruction - fresh water - Multi-criteria optimization - Simultaneous production system - Thermoeconomic optimization - TOPSIS - Turbine
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  • Summary of Thermoeconomic and exergeoeconomic optimization of combined cycle heat recovery boiler and simultaneous power and fresh water production system in Neka power plant using genetic algorithm

    Abstract:

    Given the reduction of underground water resources and fossil fuels in today's world as well as in Iran, prevention of energy waste and introduction of new methods in the preparation of potable fresh water from sea water will have a special place in the future world. The use of methods such as evaporation-distillation methods can be one of these methods.

    Due to the high thermal efficiency in combined cycles, this type of power plants has increased the public interest in the world, but still a large share of the heat input to the recovery boilers of these power plants is transferred to the environment by the cooling towers and is considered as wasted energy. Now, if it is possible to propose a method to use this heat to produce fresh water, the efficiency of these types of power plants can be increased even more.

    Therefore, in this thesis, by using a back pressure turbine that has a higher output pressure than normal steam turbines, in the steam cycle of the Neka power plant, an attempt has been made to ensure the input heat to a MED-TVC desalination plant. The steam entering this desalination water gives its heat to the sea water so that it evaporates at a lower pressure than the environment and produces DM fresh water by distilling the resulting steam. In this method, the amount of power production will be slightly reduced due to the use of a back pressure turbine, but instead, the high heat loss in the condenser of the power plant will be prevented and it will be used to produce fresh water.

    In order to optimize the mentioned cycle in increasing income and reducing the amount of exergy destruction, return on investment and initial costs, the genetic algorithm has been used, and also for the purpose of multi-criteria optimization, taking into account all the above, the TOPSIS method has been used along with the algorithm. Genetics has been used.

    Based on the analysis carried out in this thesis, the following results were obtained:

    By increasing the amount of TBT in the MED-TVC desalination water, the amount of fresh water production and the rate of interest in the desalination water decrease, but the amount of the initial costs of the construction, installation and operation of the desalination water is decreasing.

    With the increase of the output pressure In addition to reducing the total income, the turbine with back pressure will face a delay in return on investment, but the amount of fresh water production at the output of the turbine will increase.

    With an increase in the amount of fuel input to the channel burner, in addition to increasing the total income, the amount of total exergy destruction will also increase. According to this, there is an optimal value for the flow of fuel input to the channel burner, which is obtained by the TOPSIS method, 0.41 Kg/s. The amount of fuel input to the channel burner in the NECA power plant is currently 0.8 kg/s.

    Increasing the pressure at the output of the high pressure section in the recuperator boiler, in addition to increasing the amount of total exergy destruction, will also increase the total income. This value was also obtained by the TOPSIS method, Bar 148.5, while this value in the boiler of Nekabar power plant is 130. In addition to that, the optimal value of the pressure of the low pressure section, the output flow rate from the drum of the low pressure section, the number of stages of desalination water and also the optimal stage of the output of steam sucked into the desalination plant will also be obtained. Chapter 1: General information about combined cycle power plants, recovery boilers and different desalination methods. Water

    Introduction

    The efficiency of a gas power plant can be determined by selecting parameters such as compression ratio (which is defined in the compressor, combustion chamber and turbine), fuel-to-air ratio and . optimized In addition, by using the energy in the hot gases coming out of the turbine, the overall efficiency of a gas power plant can be improved by converting it into a combined cycle power plant. For this purpose, heat recovery boilers are used.

    The combined cycle consists of two or more power cycles, and the main purpose of combining different cycles is to obtain a cycle that has a higher efficiency than the efficiency of its component cycles..

    In order to produce electricity in an industrial and commercial way, various combined cycles have been studied and investigated by researchers. From about 1970 onwards, combined cycle power plants, which are composed of gas cycle and steam cycle, which will be mentioned, have received a lot of attention and have been significantly developed. The process of desalination of salt water takes place in different ways, all of which require energy. This energy can be provided through thermal, mechanical or electrical.

    The multi-stage evaporation process (MED) which uses thermal energy, is the first process that has been used to produce significant amounts of pure water from sea water. The basis of this method is the condensation of vapors resulting from evaporation in a vacuum of sea water. A compressor is used to create a vacuum, and this compressor can work thermally (thermocompressor) or mechanically. The main advantage of a thermocompressor over a mechanical compressor is the low cost of construction, maintenance, repairs, and low energy consumption. 2 Generals of combined cycle power plants and heat recovery boilers 1-2-1 Types of combined cycle power plants A combined cycle power plant is a combination of two or more different power cycles with fluid. Different agents work at different temperatures, so that each of them is able to continue its activity independently if the required conditions are met. In a combined cycle, the heat removed from the cycle with a higher temperature is used for the cycle with a lower temperature to produce additional power and, as a result, achieve a higher efficiency than the efficiency of the individual cycles.

    With the advancement of technology, newer concepts of combined cycle power plants have been proposed in recent years, among which the following can be mentioned:

    Motor Diesel - steam cycle

    Diesel engine - cycle with an organic working fluid

    Gas turbine - steam cycle

    Gas turbine - cycle with an organic working fluid

    Liquid metals - steam cycle

    MHD2 - Steam cycle

    Gas turbine - two-fluid power cycle (air-steam)

    Although today many efforts are being made to develop combined cycle power plants including organic materials, gas turbine/steam turbine combined cycle power plants are still known as the most common combined cycle. These power plants are built and used in different types according to the needs.

    1-2-2 upper and lower cycles in the combined cycle

    The principle of improving efficiency by increasing the average temperature of input heat (Tin) and lowering the average heat removed (Tout), It is still used in combined cycle power plants. In combined cycle power plants, the cycle with higher temperature is called upper cycle and the cycle with lower temperature is called lower cycle. The upper cycle can operate in the form of Otto, Brayton or Rankine cycles, while all the lower cycles operate based on the Rankine cycle. In the upper cycles, part of the fuel energy given to the cycle is converted into electricity and the rest is converted into heat to provide power in the lower cycle. Gas turbine/steam turbine is a power plant in which power is produced in both gas turbine and steam turbine. The idea of ??a combined cycle was proposed in order to improve the simple Brayton cycle by utilizing the excess energy of the gas turbine exhaust gases.

  • Contents & References of Thermoeconomic and exergeoeconomic optimization of combined cycle heat recovery boiler and simultaneous power and fresh water production system in Neka power plant using genetic algorithm

    List:

    Chapter 1: General information about combined cycle power plants, recovery boilers and different methods of water desalination

    1-1 Introduction

    1-2 Overview of combined cycle power plants and heat recovery boilers

    1-2-1 Types of combined cycle power plants

    1-2-2 Upper and lower cycles in the combined cycle

    1-2-3 Further review of gas turbine/steam turbine combined cycle power plants

    1-2-4 Classification of recovery boilers

    1-2-5 Classification of boiler types based on how the working fluid circulates

    1-2-5-1 Natural circulation system

    1-2-5-2 Forced circulation system

    1-2-5-3 Disposable boilers Passage (supercritical) (Once Through Boiler):

    1-2-6 classification of combined cycle boilers based on combustion system

    1-2-6-1 heat recovery boiler without additional combustion

    1-2-6-2 heat recovery boilers with additional combustion

    1-2-6-2-1 boilers with limited additional burner

    1-2-6-2-2 Using a gas turbine to preheat the boiler tail air

    1-2-6-2-3 boilers with maximum additional combustion

    1-2-7 classification of heat recovery boilers based on steam pressure levels

    1-2-7-1 single-pressure heat recovery boilers

    1-2-7-2 multi-pressure heat recovery boilers

    1-2-8 efficiency effectiveness Combined cycle working conditions

    1-2-8-1 Effect of ambient air temperature on combined cycle power and efficiency

    1-2-8-2 Effect of gas turbine load on combined cycle efficiency

    1-2-8-3 Effect of steam pressure on combined cycle efficiency

    1-2-9 Advantages and disadvantages of combined cycles

    1-2-10 Overall efficiency of cycle power plants Combined

    1-3 General Water Desalination

    1-3-1 Definition of Desalination

    1-3-2 Water Desalination Methods

    1-3-2-1 Multistage Distillation (MED)

    1-3-2-2 Reverse Osmosis (RO)

    1-3-2-3 Mechanical Water Vapor Condensation (MVC)

    1-3-2-4 Multistage Flash Evaporation (MSF)

    1-3-2-5 Multistage Distillation Condensation-Vapor Heating (MED-TVC)

    1-3-3 Criteria Evaluation

    1-3-3-1 Amount of Energy Required

    1-3-3-2 Production Cost

    1-3-3-3 Environment Biology

    1-3-3-4 produced water turbidity

    1-3-3-5 maintenance

    1-3-4 MED-TVC multi-stage thermal desalination converter

    1-3-4-1 forward feed arrangement

    1-3-4-2 parallel feed arrangement

    1-3-4-3 parallel-cross feed arrangement

    Chapter 2: Relationships related to recovery boilers and MED-TVC water softeners and description of genetic algorithm

    2-1 Introduction

    2-2 Important relationships in the design of heat recovery boilers

    2-2-1 Important parameters in the design of heat recovery boilers

    2-2-1-1 Final temperature difference

    2-2-1-2 Pinch point

    2-2-1-3 close point

    2-2-2 extraction of single pressure cycle relationships

    2-2-3 extraction of two pressure cycle relationships in the conventional arrangement of heat exchangers

    2-2-4 simple three pressure combined cycle

    2-2-4-1 extraction of relationships

    2-2-4-2 pump working relationship

    2-2-4-3 Mass flow rate of steam

    2-2-4-4 Velocity losses at the turbine outlet

    2-3 Relationships related to multi-stage thermal desalination

    2-3-1 Balance equations of each effect

    2-3-2 Condenser balance equations

    2-3-3 Examination of heat transfer coefficients

    2-3-4 Thermocompressor design (thermal compressor) steam) 2-4 thermodynamic relations used for water, steam and combustion products 2-4-1 thermodynamic relations used for water, steam 2-4-2 thermodynamic relations used for the smoke mixture entering the heat recovery boiler 2-5 genetic algorithm 2-5-1 concepts of genetic algorithm 2-5-2 genetic algorithm Simple

    2-5-3 selection, cutting and mutation operators

    Chapter 3: Exergeoeconomic and cost relationships of equipment in multi-purpose power plants for simultaneous production of power and fresh water

    3-1 Introduction

    3-2 Exergy analysis

    3-2-1 Exergy components

    3-2-2 Exergy balance and destruction Exergy

    3-2-2-1 Exergy balance in a closed system

    3-2-2-2 Exergy balance for control volume

    3-2-2-3 Exergy destruction

    3-2-3 Exergetic variables

    3-3 Economic analysis

    3-3-1 Investment cost estimation

    3-3-2 Calculation of income needs

    3-3-3 Leveled nines

    3-3-4 Sensitivity analysis

    3-4 Thermoeconomic analysis

    3-4-1 Exergy costing

    3-4-2 Cost balance

    3-4-3 Auxiliary equations of cost determination

    3-5 Thermoeconomic evaluation

    3-5-1 Variables Thermoeconomics

    3-5-2 design evaluation

    3-6 economic and environmental analysis

    3-6-1 annual investment costs

    3-6-2 calculation of return on investment and total income

    3-7 description of the TOPSIS method in finding the closest solution in multi-criteria equations

    Chapter 4: Thermodynamic, exergetic, multi-objective optimization Exergeoeconomics, income optimization and return on investment and total annual costs in NECA combined cycle power plant

    4-1 Introduction

    4-2 NECA power plant cycle

    4-3 design parameters in GA algorithm, description of mathematical relationships used in the cycle

    4-3-1 description of steam cycle used and introduction of design parameters used in genetic algorithm

    4-3-1-1 cycle description Analyzed steam

    4-3-1-2 Reference parameters in modeling using genetic algorithm

    4-3-2 Equations for calculating steam flow rate, exergy, turbine work and produced fresh water in the NECA cycle

    4-4 Optimal values ??obtained and the results of sensitivity analysis of design parameters and cost

    4-4-1 Results of optimization in single-objective and multi-criteria modes

    4-4-2 Checking the results of changing TBT

    4-4-3 Checking the results of changing the steam pressure behind the turbine

    4-4-4 Checking the results of changing the fuel input to the channel burner

    4-4-5 Checking the results of changing the number of MED_TVC effects

    4-4-6 Checking the results of changing the pressure of the high pressure section

    4-4-7 Checking the results of changing The pressure of the low pressure section

    4-4-8 Reviewing the results of changing the mass flow rate of the steam exiting from the low pressure section for use in dehydrating

    Chapter 5 Conclusions and suggestions

    5-1 Reviewing the results

    5-2 Presenting suggestions

    References and references

    Source:

    [1] Zare Khormizi, "Thermodynamic modeling of the steam part of a single and double-pressure combined cycle and obtaining optimal pressures", Master's thesis, Buali Sina University, Hamedan, summer 2016

    [2] Behzad, Masoud, "Analysis of the effect of steam power plant heaters by examining entropy changes", Master's thesis, Buali Sina University, Hamedan, summer 2018

    [3] Hosseinzadeh Salati, Hossein, "Optimization of steam characteristics under the turbine blades", Master's thesis, Buali Sina University, Hamedan, summer 2013

    [4] Documents and recipes of combined cycle recovery boilers, Mesba company archive, 2016, Tehran.

    [6] M. Shakouri a, H. Ghadamian a, R. Sheikholeslami b "Optimal model for multi effect desalination system integrated with gas turbine" journal of Desalination 260 (2010) 254–263

    [7] Sepehr Sanaye, Saeid Asgari, 2013, "Four E analysis and multi-objective optimization of combined cycle power plants integrated with Multi-stage Flash (MSF) desalination unit, journal of Desalination 320 (2013) 105–117

    [8] T.Irvine, "Steam and Gas Tables with Computer Equation", P.Liley, 1984

    [9] Nag P.K., "Power Plant Engineering", McGraw-Hill, 2nd edition, 2002

    [10] Nag P.K., "Development of Combined Cycles", J. Inst. Of Engrs. (India), Vol 76, pp 89-95, 1995

    [11] Roberto Carapellucci*, Lorena Giordano, 2013,"A comparison between exergetic and economic criteria for optimizing the heat recovery steam generators of gas-steam power plants" journal of Energy 58 (2013) 458e472

    [12] M. Ameri, P. Ahmadi and S. Khanmohammadi "Exergy analysis of a 420MW combined cycle power plant" Journal of Energy Res. 2008; 32:175–183

    [13] “Fundamentals of Salt Water Desalination” chapter 5, eldessuky - elettouny

    [14] Z. Gomar, H. Heidary and M.

Thermoeconomic and exergeoeconomic optimization of combined cycle heat recovery boiler and simultaneous power and fresh water production system in Neka power plant using genetic algorithm
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