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  3. Effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nano-chelate on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (F. x annanasa)

Effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nano-chelate on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (F. x annanasa)

Number of pages: 44 File Format: word File Code: 32526
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Agricultural Engineering
Tags/Keywords: Ascophyllum algae extract - Ascophyllum nodosum - Ecological distribution - Iron nano chelate - Leaf spray - nano fertilizer - Strawberry
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  • Summary of Effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nano-chelate on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (F. x annanasa)

    Dissertation for obtaining a Master's degree (M.Sc.)

    Horticulture major, fruit tree physiology and breeding

    Abstract

    The use of nano-fertilizers leads to increasing the efficiency of consumption of nutrients, reducing soil toxicity, minimizing the negative effects caused by excessive use of fertilizers and reducing the number of Fertilizer is applied frequently. The use of Ascophyllum nodosum algae also increases the resistance of plants to pests and diseases. The current study has investigated the effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nanochelate fertilizer on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (Fragaria x annanasa). The experiment was conducted as a factorial in the form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Both iron nanochelate fertilizer and Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract were used in four concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 5 g/L). The results show that the highest fresh weight, dry weight, number of flowers, number of leaves, root length, leaf length, branch length, flower diameter, were obtained by using iron nanochelate fertilizer with a concentration of 2 mg/liter and Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract with a concentration of 2 mg/liter.

    Key words: strawberry, Ascophyllum nodosum algae, nano Iron chelate, wet weight, dry weight.

    Botanical characteristics and ecological distribution of strawberry

    Strawberry is a herbaceous perennial plant with the scientific name (Fragaria.x annanasa) of the rose family (Rosacaceae). This plant native to European forests, whose wild type has small flowers and leaves, has been introduced since the 14th century due to its medicinal properties. In the 14th century in France, wild strawberries were transferred from the forest to cultivated land and used as a domesticated plant. Wild strawberries are abundantly found in the forests of northern Iran. It seems that the first modified number came to Iran from France during the presidency of Atabak Azam and was called Atabak. Strawberry belongs to the genus Fragaria and the Resea species, and today the species of Chilensis (F.chilensis) and Virginia (F.virginia) and the hybrid between these two, namely (F. x annanasa), are used in agriculture. Generally, they are herbaceous plants with tending stems. The leaves consist of three rough and hairy dark green leaflets, which are transparent in some cultivars. The structure of the flower consists of 5 white petals, which are connected to a small appendage in its lower part, and the calyx contains 5 green sepals, which are almost fused to each other in the lower part. The number of sepals in some cultivars may be more than 5. The approximate number of flags is 20. The sperm is placed in large numbers and in a spiral form on the whale, and together with the whale, it forms a rather elongated shape. The female is made up of separate bulbs, each of which has a straight and short ovary. There is one egg in each ovary, and in fact, the seed is produced in the number of light bulbs. Petals fall after inoculation and the whale gradually grows and becomes fleshy. The fruit is juiced over time and turns from acid to sugar. If the fertilization is incomplete, the number of bulbs is limited and the symmetry of the fruit may not be maintained. Strawberry cultivars are divided into the group of spring cultivars, i.e. bushes that bear fruit once a year, and four-season cultivars that bear fruit more than once a year. The most important spring cultivars are Gorella, Aliso, Tiogo, Red Gauntlet, Esita, Cat's Kill, Fresna.

    1-2- Propagation method, planting and harvesting process of strawberry

    Propagation is done through sexual and asexual means. The propagation of strawberries by seed is specific to cultivars that do not naturally produce tending stems or cultivars that have few tending stems. Also, the seed propagation method is used to produce new cultivars. In asexual reproduction, which is called plant division, the well-grown and strong plants are divided into several smaller plants, each of which has some roots, after being removed from the ground, and then they are planted in the original place.. In this method, healthy plants of mother bases should be used. The method of reproduction is through cuttings, after rooting, the cuttings are transplanted from the mother plant in the summer and in the shade, and then the selected plants are transferred to the main land in the fall. Due to the early fruiting of strawberry flowers in spring, the bushes should be planted in a place where the late spring cold will not harm them. Strawberries can be moved and planted in another place from late autumn, when it is half asleep, until early spring before the plant wakes up, so it is possible to plant it in autumn and spring. 1-3- Nutritional properties of strawberry and its effect on human health. are: fruits, leaves and roots. All parts of this plant have been used medicinally for a long time, and its leaves and roots, which contain a significant amount of tannin, have been used as anti-diarrhea and diuretic. Strawberries are used in various ways. Raw, boiled, jam, syrup and ice cream. Strawberries are a good source of fiber, vitamin C, folate, potassium, and antioxidants, which make strawberries as a sweet substitute, increase heart health, reduce the risk of contracting various types of cancer, and improve overall body health.  

    1-4- Economic importance

    Clearly, the many nutritional benefits mentioned for humans in consuming this plant justify the great desire to produce it. Since paying attention to the quality and quantity of this fruit can be very important in the agricultural industry, it seems necessary to use an optimal method in production with favorable economic efficiency. Therefore, growing this plant is very important today. In addition, nutritional properties are not the only reason for cultivating this plant. Due to its fruit acids, strawberries are one of the most important plants that are used in cosmetics and have been used for this purpose for a long time.

    1-5- The importance of nano iron chelate in the production of agricultural products

    Despite the fact that iron is the most abundant and underutilized element in the earth's crust, it is the most limited for the production of agricultural products in calcareous soils of arid and semi-arid regions. has caused Alkalinity, high amounts of lime, lack of organic matter, heavy irrigation, soil compaction and poor soil ventilation are among the factors of lack of available iron in calcareous soils (Fajria et al., 2005). Iron is needed to carry out many plant metabolic activities (Mota et al., 2001; Hell and Stephen, 2003). Therefore, plants need a sufficient amount of iron to continue their proper growth (Brown et al., 1972). Cheap quality is not hidden from anyone due to the rapid growth of the population of the planet. According to experts, the population of the planet will reach 15 billion people by 2025. Therefore, it will not be possible to provide food for this population with the current agricultural facilities. So our main problem is the lack of food resources in the future, the only proposed solution is to use food quality products and plants that have more productivity and production efficiency and can be available to people cheaply and quickly. One of the materials that can help in increasing the share of production, environmental fertilizers along with nano-fertilizers are very problem-solving and significant in increasing the quantity and quality of production. On the other hand, the presence of some growth-promoting compounds in some algae can be used to increase the growth rate and productivity of agricultural and garden plants. According to the practice of sustainable agriculture and organic agriculture, reducing or eliminating the use of chemical and synthetic materials, the need to replace these materials with natural structures seems mandatory. Due to their unnatural nature, the use of chemically structured fertilizer compounds has many disadvantages for ecosystems and is even dangerous for humans. Considering the mentioned cases, the use of materials of biological and natural origin will be more compatible with nature and the environment.

  • Contents & References of Effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nano-chelate on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (F. x annanasa)

    List:

    Abstract

    Chapter One: Introduction

    1-1- Botanical characteristics and ecological distribution of strawberry

    1-2- Method of reproduction, planting and harvesting process of strawberry

    1-3- Nutritional properties of strawberry and its effect on human health

    1-4- Economic importance

    1-5- The importance of iron nanochelate in the production of agricultural products

    1-6- Statement of the problem and research objective

    Chapter two: review of sources

    2-1- Fertilizer compounds containing plant growth regulators

    2-2- The effect of iron nanochelate on the quantity and quality of growth

    Chapter three: Materials and methods

    3-1- Plant source used

    3-2- Cultivation substrate, preparation of plant samples

    3-3- Preparation of materials

    3-4- Placement of samples

    3-5- Conditions for maintaining cultivated plants

    3-6- Test treatments

    3-7- Conditions for maintaining samples and measuring traits

    3-8- Evaluation of traits

    3-9- Analysis Data

    Chapter Four: Results and Discussion

    4-1- Evaluation of traits

    4-1-1- Fresh weight

    4-1-2- Dry weight

    4-1-3- Fruit weight

    4-1-4- Number of leaves

    4-1-5- Leaf length

    4-1-6- Number of flowers

    4-1-7- Flower diameter

    4-1-8- Number of branches

    Title

    4-1-9- Branch length

    4-1-10- Number of fruits

    4-1-11- Plant height

    4-1-12- Number of roots

    Conclusion General

    Suggestions

    Resources

    English abstract

     

    Source:

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Effect of foliar spray with Ascophyllum nodosum algae extract and iron nano-chelate on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of strawberry plant (F. x annanasa)
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