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  3. Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city (case study of Sepidan city)

Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city (case study of Sepidan city)

Number of pages: 105 File Format: word File Code: 32516
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Animal Husbandry - Poultry Farming
Tags/Keywords: Attitude measurement - fodder - livestock population - pasture - Pasture plans - pastures - Project management - White - Why management?
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  • Summary of Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city (case study of Sepidan city)

    Dissertation for receiving a Master's degree (M.Sc.)

    Inclination: Pastoralism

    Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city

    (Case study: Sepidan city)

    Abstract:

    The changes and developments of rangeland management in relation to rangeland plans are nearly 4 decades old. The preparation of grazing plans in Fars province goes back to 1348 and since that date, many plans have been prepared. In order to investigate the effect of the implementation of grazing plans on the attitudes and beliefs of the grazing people, the pastures with the grazing plan of Sepidan city were taken into consideration. The criterion for choosing this city is the ability to access correct and accurate data. The research method of this study is descriptive and analytical. The tool for accessing research data is a questionnaire. Questionnaires were designed in the form of a Likert scale and open-ended questions were selected for some questions. The statistical method of reaching the results is the use of Mann-Whitney equations and Cramer's correlation in order to check the difference and statistical relationship. Illiteracy and old age are among the results. A significant percentage of the researched pastoralists from both the rural and nomadic communities surveyed unanimously and without significant differences of opinion state that their cooperation was little or very little. The effect of grazing projects on unemployment and improvement of the living conditions is placed in the unfavorable part of the Likert spectrum from the point of view of both rural and nomadic grazing groups. From the point of view of the researched pastoralists, the unfavorable situation of holding educational and promotion classes, information about the goals of unfavorable pastoral projects have been answered.

    Key words: Fars, Sepidan, participation, attitude measurement, pastoralist, pastoralist projects

    Chapter One

    Introduction and Generalities

    -Introduction

    Natural resources are considered as a platform for the economic growth and development of societies and countries at micro and macro levels. The amount of use of these resources along with the principled exploitation has an impact on the economic growth and development of societies and countries. Issues and problems in the management of rangelands, including natural, economic and social problems, increase in human population and the need to create work, income and supply of food have led to the increase in the number of users of rangelands to several times (Azernivand, 1380).

    Rangelands as a hub for meat, fodder, water, soil conservation, and guaranteeing the continuity of production in livestock sectors benefit from the role of livestock in the country's economy. This God-given gift with its potential, in the case of proper scientific and principled management, can meet the needs of the users of this source of production for many years even in the most difficult weather conditions (Azernivand, 1380).

    A high percentage of the country's livestock depend on pastures, and it is these pastures that can, in addition to producing medicinal and industrial plants in the dry climate of Iran, a very large amount of soil erosion and prevent water wastage, and on the other hand, make the air soft and clean, produce and increase fodder, feed underground aquifers, and prevent water riots. (Azernivand, 1380).

    In short, the economic life of our society, especially a large group of people who make a living only through livestock and agriculture, depends on pastures. In the past years, despite the implementation of different policies for the ownership and exploitation of pastures, due to the relatively low population and the relatively better quality of pastures, there has been a balance between the number of livestock and the capacity of pastures. In the following, with the upward trend of the population on the one hand and the increase in the cost of living and the decrease in self-consumption on the other hand, we saw an increase in the number of livestock in the pastures. Also, the policies of the ranchers changed from production for consumption to production for sale, as a result of which the ranchers increased the number of livestock in the pasture to earn more money, which led to the destruction of the country's pastures. Taking into account the importance of pastures, the dry weather conditions of Iran and the point that in the current situation, pastures are not able to produce the fodder needed by the country's livestock, it should be compared to the increase in production per unit area.. Taking into account the importance of pastures, the dry climatic conditions of Iran, and the point that in the current conditions, pastures are not able to produce the fodder needed by the country's livestock, it is necessary to increase the production per unit area of ??pastures (Azernivand, 1380).

    In view of these issues, the organization of forests, pastures and watershed management of the country during its years of activity for optimal exploitation, improvement and restoration of pastures and protection of water and soil and As a result, various methods have been tested and experienced to prevent the destruction of pastures. In the current situation and according to the policies of the country's forests, pastures and watershed management organization, handing over pastures in the form of pasture plans to the users as a basic solution in the restoration and improvement of pastures has received wide attention, and with the implementation of these plans, in addition to carrying out corrective and restoration operations in accordance with the climatic and ecological conditions of the region, basic exploitation is carried out along with suitable grazing systems and in compliance with grazing capacity. Pasture plans are one of the management methods that have been widely considered in recent years. In general, the implementation of grazing projects based on the customary range of pastures has been considered as the best method to improve and restore pastures. The non-participation of the users as a major reason has hindered the precise implementation of rangeland projects (Azernivand, 2008).

    The participation of the users in the improvement and restoration plans of the rangelands is a necessary thing and an important part of the success of the projects in these resources. Today, the role of people's participation in reforming, revitalizing and managing tangible natural resources is considered one of the new approaches of the country's forests, pastures and watershed management organization (Esrari, 2019). One of the most effective ways to reduce the destruction of rangelands is the participation of the users in the implementation of rangeland projects, therefore, examining the attitude of the rangeland users has an important role in knowing the factors affecting their participation in such plans (Asrari, 2019). Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the implemented grazing plans from this point of view. Is it in line with the issued permits?

    2- Is the attitude of Sepidan city grazers towards the National Grazing Management Project in line with the goals of the plan?

    3- Are the grazing permits issued at the level of Sepidan city still valid?

    2-1-1- Research objectives

    This research pursues the following objectives:

    1- Evaluation of the national grazing management project and evaluation of the users' attitude towards it in the pastures of Sepidan city

    2- Survey of the livestock population and ranchers of the pastures of Sepidan city

    3 Review of issued permits done in the pastures of Sepidan city

    Abstract:

    Range management alternations' go back to 4 decades ago. Different groups of people try to develop rangeland. Range projects in Shiraz go back to 1348. Lots of range projects have been conducted on Shiraz rangeland. In this research, Shiraz range holders attitude is surveyed. Shiraz township is selected. Questionnaire is used for the access of data. Data is assimilated by SPSS. The results show that, the age both for the rural and tribes range holders in Shiraz township is not suitable, and participation is not good. They cannot invest on rangeland themselves. Exclusion is the main desirable project, that they tend to participate. They believe that the guardian office cannot protect rangland. They believe that range projects do not influence unemployment and life rally.

  • Contents & References of Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city (case study of Sepidan city)

    List:

    Chapter One: Generalities

    Abstract .. 1

    1-1-Introduction..3

    1-1-1- Research Hypotheses 6

    2-1-1- Research Objectives.

    1-2-1-Introduction of the topic.

    2-2-1- Rangelands with grazing plan. 10

    3-2-1- History of preparing rangeland plans in the country. 11

    4-2-1- The process of preparing rangeland plans and their performance before the Islamic revolution. 12

    5-2-1- The process of preparing rangeland plans and performance They are after the Islamic revolution. 14

    Chapter Two: An overview of studies carried out

    1-2- Studies carried out in Iran. 20

    2-2- Studies carried out abroad. 31

    Chapter three: Materials and methods

    1-3- Materials and methods. 38

    1-1-3- Characteristics of the study area 38

    2-1-3- Characteristics of the investigated areas. 41

    23- Research method..44

    1-2-3- Library studies.

    5-2-3- Data collection tools.46

    6-2-3- Checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaire.

    7-2-3- Data analysis method.47

    8-2-3- Research variables.

    Chapter four: Results

    14 Data mining..50

    2-4- Research questions 68

    Chapter five: discussion and conclusion

    Discussion and conclusion. 98

    Proposals ..107

    Appendix ..109

    Resources

    Persian sources ..114

    English sources ..118

    English abstract .

    Source:

     

    1. Ajili, A. and M.J. Behtash and M. Danai 2016. Non-economic factors affecting the satisfaction of the implementers in participating in desertification projects in Khuzestan province. Extension sciences and agricultural education of Iran.

    2. Azarnivand, H. and A. Mosvinjad 1380. The effect of the implementation of grazing projects on the production, trend and condition of pastures in Semnan. Proceedings of the second national seminar on pasture and grazing in Iran. Organization of forests and pastures and irrigation of the country. 248-253.

    3. Arkhi, p. 1380. Investigating factors affecting the non-participation of grazers in rangeland improvement and revitalization projects (with emphasis on Gamishan rangeland operators located in Golestan province), rangeland association. All articles of the second national seminar on pasture and grazing in Iran. 73-89.

    4. Arzani, H. and H. Azarnivand and A. Mehrabi and A. Nikkhah 2016. The minimum area of ??pasture required by ranchers of Semnan province. Journal of research and construction in natural resources. 14: 107-113.

    5. Azkia, M. 2014. Investigating the social-economic aspects of grazing projects carried out in Fars province. Proceedings of the first national seminar on pasture and grazing in Iran. Publications of the organization of forests and pastures of the country. 70-85.

    6. Secrets, cook. Ghanbari 2018. Evaluation and comparison of the process of change of livestock and herdsmen of pasture management plans and pasture audit in Shiraz pastures. The 4th National Conference on Pasture and Pasture Management of Iran. Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, page 46.

    7. Asrari, P. 1379. Economic evaluation of investments made in pastures: a case study of Kurdistan province, Sanandaj city. Master's thesis in agricultural economics. Faculty of Agriculture. Tarbiat Modares University.

    8. Ansari, N. and A., Samari 2019. Investigating the amount of participation and the method of using pastures in Dashlibron Gonbad area, Anjuman Matadari. Proceedings of the second national seminar on pasture and pasture management in Iran. 64-72.

    9. Hosseinpour, A. 1372. Investigating the necessity of participation and determining the educational needs of livestock farmers and forest dwellers for soil protection and irrigation in the Heraz Amol river basin, Master's thesis, Tarbiat Modares, Tehran. 69-84.

    10. Khatunabadi, A. and A. Amini and A. Mirza Ali 1380. Factors inhibiting the participation of ranchers in the restoration of Aqqla pastures in Golestan province. Journal of production and processing of agricultural and horticultural products. Publications of Isfahan University of Technology. 5 (1): 39-54.

    11. Khaldbrin, A. 2012. Desertification and the national action plan for desertification. Public Promotion and Participation Office in cooperation with the Technical Office for Sand Stabilization and Desertification. 12. Khaligi, N. and H. Ghasemi 2018. Investigating the level of participation of livestock farmers in grazing projects, the second national seminar on pasture and grazing in Iran, University of Tehran. 90-104.

    13. Khalilian, S. and A. Shamsaldini 2018. Investigating the sustainability of renewable natural resources (forest and pasture) in the first and second development plans. Journal of research and construction.. 52: 19-21.

    14. Dadafrin, H. 1373. Investigating the effect of extension training on the correct use of pastures (Khoi city). Faculty of Natural Resources. University of Tehran.

    15. Dehghansalmasi, M.J. 1374. Examining the issues and problems of grazing projects in Semnan province, Master's thesis of the Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran.

    16. Ramezani, A. 2017. Evaluation of pasture privatization in the form of grazing projects in Fars province. Pasture master's thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources. Tarbiat Modares University. 71 pages.

    17. Sardari, M. 2018. Investigating the role of different exploitation and management methods in the state of pastures in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Master's thesis of the Faculty of Natural Resources of Tarbiat Modares University.

    18. Soltani, G. 1373. The role of economic-social factors in the management and exploitation of the country's pastures. Proceedings of the first seminar on pasture and grazing in Iran. Publications of the organization of forests and pastures of the country. 45-57.

    19. Senjari, G. 1376. Studying the pastures of the nomadic Sistani nomads in order to achieve a stable balance of livestock and pasture. Pasture master's thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources. University of Tehran.

    20. Shamsaldini, A. 1377. Economic review of investments made in pastures and their cost-benefit analysis in Mamsani city. Master's thesis in agricultural economics. Faculty of Agriculture. Tarbiat Modares University.

    21. Shahidizandi, K. 1380. Factors affecting the participation of ranchers in the restoration of pastures. Proceedings of the first scientific seminar on promotion of natural resources and livestock and aquatic affairs. 195-202.

    22. Taheri, A. 2017. Economic analysis of grazing projects in Central Province. Pasture master's thesis. Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences. Tarbiat Modares University.

    23. Abedini, Kh. 2018. Investigating social factors affecting the participation of livestock farmers in grazing projects in Damavand region. Forest and pasture magazine. 53: 44-52.

    24. Police station, M. 2013. Investigating the barriers to the participation of sheep farmers in natural resources and livestock projects in Qom province. Special articles of the first national livestock and pasture research conference. Iran's Pasture and Desert Research Quarterly. 9 (3): 1203-1216.

    25. Tutoli, H. 2013. Investigating the effective factors of attracting the participation of villagers in the desertification of Semnan province. Forest and pasture magazine. 59: 50-56.

    26. Moinuddin, H. 1372. An overview of the country's pasture management. Forest and pasture magazine. 17:3843

    27. Malekmohammadi, A. 1374. A research on the indicators of people's participation in natural resources management, Forest and Pasture Journal. 29: 33-24.

    28. Musvinjad, A. 2016. Investigating the effect of management on the condition, tendency, production and capacity of pastures in Semnan province, Master's thesis of the Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran.

    29. Vahadani, Z. 2012. Analysis of the effective factors of the effectiveness of transportation projects in Jahorom city. Master's thesis in the field of pastoralism. Zabul University.

    English sources:

    30. Barbier, E. B and H. Giersch. 1993. The role of economic incentives for natural management in developing countries. Economic progress and environmental concern. 153-178.

    31. Blench, R. M. 1995. Rangeland degradation and socio-economic changes among the Bedu of Jordan: results of the 1995 IFAD survey. Jordan's rangelands. Report to IFAD, Near East and North Africa division. 25 p.

    32. Brian Ogle, R. 2001. The need for socio-economic and environmental indicators to monitor degraded ecosystem. Agriculture, Environment. 87(2): 151-157.

    33. Brunson, M.W. 1999. Status of social criteria and indicators. Proceedings of the XVIII International grassland Congress. Calgary, Alberta, Canada: Association Management Center.

    34. Burns, S, G. D. Gray, M. Mcdermott and L. C. Schweitzer. 2006. Participation in US Community-Based Forestry. Prepared for the Communities Committee of the Seventh American Forest Congress by American Forests, available online at www.Cbfreport/survey.net. Last accessed October 6, 2006.

    35. Crosthwaite, J., N. Macleod and B. Malcolm. 1997. Case studies: Theory and practice in natural resources management. Proceedings of the Australian association for social research conference, Charles Stuart University, Wagga Wagga, February 1997.

    36. Finsterbusch, K., and W. A. ??Wicklin. 1989.

Analysis and evaluation of grazing management project at the pasture level of Sepidan city (case study of Sepidan city)
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