Word Files
Reference for Downloading Educational Files
  2. Agricultural Engineering
  3. Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of carum copticum L.

Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of carum copticum L.

Number of pages: 85 File Format: word File Code: 32450
Year: 2012 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Agricultural Engineering
Tags/Keywords: BAP - branch tip - Carum copticum L - Direct regeneration - In vitro regeneration - Medicinal plants - tissue culture - women
  • Part of the Content
  • Contents & Resources

  • Summary of Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of carum copticum L.

    Dissertation for Master's Degree in Horticultural Sciences

    Medicinal Plants Orientation

    Abstract

    Zenyan (Carum copticum L.) is an annual plant belonging to the umbel family that grows in Iran, India, Egypt and Europe. Among medicinal and aromatic plants, zenian is a plant on which little studies and researches have been done. The aim of this research was to identify the best genotype, the most suitable explant, the best hormonal composition and suitable environmental conditions for the direct reproduction of female in vitro culture, which was carried out in three separate experiments completely randomly and factorially in the form of a completely randomized design. In the first experiment, the effect of different concentrations of BAP (zero, 2.2, 4.4, and 8.8 µM) alone or in combination with IAA (0.5, 1.1, and 2.2 µM) was studied with explants of Urmia genotype. The results of this experiment revealed that the highest percentage of regeneration (97.5%) was obtained in the treatments of 4.4 ?M BAP in combination with 0.5 ?M IAA. The highest average regeneration (19.9 seedlings per explant) was observed in the treatment of 4.4 ?M BAP in combination with 0.5 ?M IAA. In the second experiment, the effect of 4 different explants (cotyledons, hypocotyls, nodes and shoot tips) with different hormonal environments (0, 4.4 and 8.8 ?M concentrations of BAP in combination with 0.5, 1.1 and 2.2 ?M IAA) on regeneration was used. The results of the experiment showed that the maximum percentage and average regeneration in the explant of the branch tip was 81.01% and the average was 19.6 seedlings in MS medium with 4.4 ?M BAP in combination with 0.5 ?M IAA. Cotyledon and hypocotyl explants did not regenerate. In the third experiment, the effect of different genotypes (Urmia, Isfahan and Mashhad) with different concentrations of BAP (zero, 4.4 and 8.8 µM) and TDZ (zero, 4.4 and 8.8 µM) in combination with IAA (0.5 µM) was studied. The results showed that the highest percentage of regeneration (86.14%) and average regeneration (19.3 seedlings per explant) in Urmia genotype was obtained in the medium containing 4.4 ?M BAP in combination with 0.5 ?M IAA. Also, the rooting of regenerated seedlings was evaluated in MS and MS 1.2 media supplemented with zero, 0.5 and 1 mg/l IAA and IBA. The results showed that the highest percentage of rooting (100%) occurred in MS medium with 1 mg/L IBA. The maximum root length was observed in the MS medium without hormones with 2.84 cm.

    Key words: female, direct regeneration, branch tip, BAP.

    Introduction and General

    1-1- Medicinal plants

                Since ancient times, humans have used plants as food, flavoring, medicine and other uses. Ancient writings from cultures and civilizations (Egyptian, Chinese, and Roman) have strong evidence of the use of medicinal plants to treat diseases. According to the report of the World Health Organization (WHO), 80% of people in the developing countries of the world use medicinal plants for health care. About 40% of compounds used in the pharmaceutical industry are directly or indirectly derived from plants (Sidhu, 2010). Today, plants are known as medicinal plants that have the following characteristics:

    1- Special substances are made and stored in the body of these plants called "active substances" (active substances), which have a physiological effect on the body of living beings. These plants are used to treat some diseases. During a series of special and complex biochemical processes, the mentioned active substances are made in a very small amount - usually less than the dry weight of the plant - and are also known as "secondary metabolites". metabolites

    2- Planting, keeping and harvesting medicinal plants is done only for the use of their effective substances.

    3- It is possible that certain organs such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, etc. contain the desired active ingredients.Therefore, it is not possible to consider all the organs of the related plant as the source of the desired medicinal substance.

    4- Usually, the desired organs are not used fresh.

    5- Medicinal plants contain effective substances, compared to the general plants used in agriculture, such as grains and vegetables, which are commonly and daily used by humans, they can be used in special cases (Omid Beigi, 2014).

    2-1- Tissue culture is the cultivation of a piece of plant tissue under laboratory and completely sterile conditions, which eventually produces a whole plant from this piece.

    - Some of the uses of tissue culture in horticulture:

    1) Production of plants free from viruses and diseases

    2) Propagation and Micropropagation of plants (Micropropagation)

    3) Production of haploid and then fully homozygous diploid plants through microspore or anther culture

    4) Genetic manipulation and somatic hybridization using protoplasmic accession and also creating crosses between species in vitro conditions

    5) Cultivation of cell suspension and production of primary metabolites such as sugar and carbon as well as secondary metabolites

    6) Creation of plants with new characteristics using somaclonal diversity

    7) Embryo rescue using the culture of premature embryos in interspecies crossing

    8) Plant germplasm preservation in In vitro conditions

    9) Use of tissue culture in gene transfer to plants

    10) Use in histology, cytology and plant physiology studies (Bagheri and Safari, 1388).

    3-1- Botanical characteristics of women

               Women in traditional medicine books named Various nankhah (due to its use in baking bread), anise berry and Roman anise, are given with the English names Ajowan, Ajowain, Bishop weed and Carum and the scientific names Trachyspermum ammi and Carum copticum, which are synonyms of each other, and belong to the Apiaceae family (Akbariya et al., 2004). Trachyspermum ammi L., a Greek word consisting of two words Trachy meaning rough and spermum meaning seeded, while ammi is the name of the plant in Latin and a synonym of Carum copticum (Dwivedi et al., 2012). Zenian is a one-year plant with a height of less than 1 meter, full of branches and leaves, cut and thread-shaped leaves. Flowers with small white petals and pink stamens, small fruit with 5 thin longitudinal lines, fragrant and has a pungent and pungent taste, and it is the size and shape of medicinal celery, but its taste is different (Majnoun Hosseini and Dozadzeh Emami, 1386).

               The weight of a thousand seeds is 1 to 2 grams and this plant is very similar to dill in the vegetative stage. In the pollination stage, many insects are attracted to flowers and pollination is done by bees. Flowering starts from early spring in hot regions and late spring in temperate regions and continues at the same time as vegetative growth. With the appearance of flowers, the longitudinal growth of stems stops and lateral growth begins. Therefore, it can be said that zenian is a plant that has unlimited growth (Akbariniya, 1382 and 1999). (Krishnamoorthy et al., the number of zenian chromosomes is 2n=2x=18 (Dalkani et al., 2010).

    4-1- History and distribution of zenian plant

    Abu Ali Sina, under the name Nankhah, it is said that this plant removes the moisture of the stomach and relieves nausea and is useful for the liver and cold stomach. In traditional Saudi medicine, the dried seed of this plant is used as a digestive disorder (Hosseinzadeh and Mehrabi, 2012). Dovazdeh Emami, 1386). The plant originates in Asia and is grown or cultivated in the countries of India, Iran, and Egypt (Akbariya et al., 1384).

  • Contents & References of Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of carum copticum L.

    List:

    Chapter One

    1- Introduction and generalities..1

    1-1- Medicinal plants..1

    2-1- Tissue culture..2

          3-1- Botanical features of senna.. 3

    4-1- History and distribution of senna plants.. 3

    5-1- Ecological needs of women..4

           6-1- Chemical compounds of plants..

           7-1- Therapeutic properties..

           8-1- Plant tissue culture...

           9-1- Applications of plant tissue culture in agriculture.

            10-1- Different methods of plant tissue culture.

            1-1- Microproliferation..8

           1-12- Cell differentiation..

            1-13- Organ differentiation..

            1-14- Organogenesis..

            1-14-1- Organogenesis from callus tissue..

           2-14-1- Ectopic organogenesis. Directly. 13 1-15- The purpose of this research. 13- Second chapter 2- Review of scientific sources. 14- 2- Micropropagation. 14- 2-2- Regeneration. 4-2- The effects of explant type on regeneration.. 15

    5-2- Genotype.. 19

             6-2- Growth regulator.. 20

              7-2- Rooting.. 23

    Chapter 3

    3- Materials and methods.. 26

             1-3- Place and time Research..26

             2-3- Preparation of the culture medium..26

             1-2-3- Mineral storage solutions of the MS culture medium.

             6-3- Seed cultivation and storage and growth conditions. 28

             7-3- Experiments..

             1-7-3- First experiment: Investigating the effects of the type of hormonal environment on the in vitro regeneration of female plants. 29

             2-7-3- Second experiment: Investigating the effects of explants on the in vitro regeneration of female plants. 29

    3-7-3- The third experiment: Investigating the effect of different genotypes on the in-vitro regeneration rate of female plants. 29

    3-8- Rooting.. 29

    Results..31

          1-4- The first experiment: Investigating the effects of the type of hormonal environment on the rate of in vitro regeneration of female plants using shoot tip explants..31

          4-1-1- The effect of different concentrations of benzyl BAP in combination with IAA on the percentage of shoot regeneration in female plants.

          2-1-4- The effect of different concentrations of BAP in combination with IAA on the average 2-4- The second experiment: Investigating the effects of the explant type on the in-vitro regeneration of the female plant. 34

    1-2-4- The effect of different explants on the percentage of shoot regeneration. 38

    The third experiment: Investigating the effect of different genotypes on the in-vitro regeneration rate of females. 41 4-3-1- The effect of genotype on the percentage of shoot regeneration. 43 2-3-4 The effect of different genotypes of females on the average regeneration in each shoot. 44 4-4 The effect of different concentrations of IBA and IAA on rooting. 45

    1-4-4- The effect of different concentrations of IBA and IAA on rooting percentage. 47

    2-4-4- The effect of different concentrations of IBA and IAA on root length. 48

    Chapter 5

    5- Discussion. In regeneration.. 52

    5-3- Genotype effects.. 55

    5-4- Rooting.. 57

    General conclusion.. 60

    Suggestions.. 61

    Resources.

    Source:

    Azadi, P. and Bagheri, H. (1382). Breeding of plants using in vitro culture (by Akram Taji Prakash P. Kumar). Publications of Bou Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 188 pages.

    Asghari, F. (1389). Investigating the effect of genotype, explant and different hormonal compounds on the regeneration of basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L.). Master thesis. Department of Horticulture, Urmia University, 93 pages.

    Afshari, A., Ranjbar, G., Kazemi-Tabar, K., Sehat, M. and Kazemi Posht Masari, H. (1390). Induction of callus, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of fenugreek medicinal plantCallus induction, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of the medicinal plant of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Scientific-Research Quarterly of Iranian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27(1): 160-147.

    Akbarnia, A. (1382). Investigating the performance and effective ingredients of zenian medicinal plants in conventional organic and integrated agricultural systems, doctoral thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, 150 pages.

    Akbarnia, A., Sefidkan, F., Qalavand, A., Tahmasabi Sarostani, Z. and Sharifi Ashourabadi, A. (1384). Chemical composition of the essential oil of the medicinal plant Zinyan produced in Qazvin, 9(3): 25-22.

    Ebrahimzadeh, M., Shaker, H., Bernard, F. and Khavarinejad, R. (1385). Effect of growth regulators and type of explant on calligenesis and regeneration of Anthurium andreanum Var.Tropical. Journal of Research and Construction in Agriculture and Horticulture, No. 73. 176-170.

    Omid Beigi, R. (1384). Production and processing of medicinal plants. The first volume. Fourth edition. Astan Quds Razavi Publications, 347 pages.

    Yazdi Darbandi, A. and Shakib, A. (1383). High frequency plantlet regeneration in the dioecious plant sorrel. Journal of Agricultural Sciences of Iran, 6(2): 180-171.

    Bagheri, A. and Safari, M. (1388). Basics of plant tissue culture (authored by R. L. M. Pirik). Publications of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 406 pages.

    Bagheri, H. and Azadi, P. (1381). Plant Tissue Culture: Techniques and Experiments (by Roberta H. Smith). First edition. Mashhad University Jihad Publications, 154 pages.

    Torabi Ghiglo, M., Masiah, S., Majidi, A., Khosrowshahi, M. and Valizadeh, M. (1380). Determining the most suitable growth regulator in in vitro culture of shoot ends of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Agricultural Science Journal, 11: 50-41.

    Taghizadeh, M., Babalar, M., Zamani, Z., Nader, R. and Askari, M.A. (1385).  Direct and indirect regeneration of ectopic shoot in the ornamental tulip Tulipa gesnerana L. Apeldoorn digital by in vitro culture method, 37(6): 1039-1031. and Majidi Harvan, A. (1384). Investigating the effects of proline concentration in the pre-cultivation medium and the application of ABA in mother plants on regeneration after freezing of potato meristems in cryopreservation method. Scientific-Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3: 106-101.

    Jangjo, Kh. (1390). Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of Melissa officinalis. Master thesis. Department of Horticulture, Urmia University. Hosseinzadeh, H. and Mehrabi, M. (1382). Investigating the anti-nausea effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Zinnia in chickens. Medicinal Plants Quarterly, 9: 15-22.

    Sarkhil, P., Omidi, M., Propheti, A. and twelve Imami, S. (1388). Hormonal and explant effect on calligenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture in fennel. Scientific-Research Quarterly Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research in Iran, 25(3): 375-364.

    Shabannejad Momghani, M., Uzra, M.H., Omidi, M., Qamari Zare, A. and Shahrazad, Sh. (1387). Comparison of direct and indirect regeneration in Eucalyptus microtheca M. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Genetic Research and Breeding of Pasture and Forest Plants of Iran, 16 (2): 237-229.

    Sharfi, A., Hashemi Sohi, H. and Jorabchi, A. (1387). Optimizing the regeneration conditions of the medicinal plant Artemisia annua. Iranian Journal of Biology, 21(4): 573-565.

    Abadi, A., Amir Jamal, M., Mir Masoumi, M. and Omidi, M. (1390). Plant regeneration from vegetative embryos obtained from ivy explants in 3 Iranian grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.). Behnejadi Nahal and Bazar Journal, 1(2): 281-275.

    Alizadeh, A. (1390). Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of hyssop plant (Hyssopus officinalis L.). Master thesis. Department of Horticulture, Urmia University, 77 pages. Farsi, M. and Dhul Ali, J. (1384). Plant biotechnology. Press of Mashhad University, 570 pages. Karmi, A. Riya, Deljo, A. and Mahmoudipour, A. (1386). Direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, 43(A): 11-16.

    Majnoun Hosseini, N. and twelve Imami, S. (1386). Cultivation and production of some medicinal and spice plants. Tehran University Press, 300 p.

    Mashaikhi, K. (1386). Plant vegetative embryogenesis. Faraghi Publications, 483 pages. (1388). Medicinal plants. The first volume. Quds City Publications, Islamic Azad University, Quds City, 1128 pages. and Ali Asgharpour, M. (1387). Regeneration of blind medicinal plant (Capparis spinosa L

Investigating effective factors in in vitro regeneration of carum copticum L.
How To Access The File
Related Contents:
Number of pages: 94 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Horticultural Science, Medicinal Plants Abstract: The genus Salvia belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which includes several species. Sage (Salvia sclarea L.) is used in traditional medicine and in trade, especially in the production of essential oil and as a seasoning and flavoring for food. The distribution area of ??this plant is the ...

Number of pages: 78 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Effects of hormones and explants on calligenesis, regeneration and cell suspension culture in fennel (Foeniuculum vulgare) Introduction: Fennel (Foeniuculum vulgare) is a herbaceous, stable, aromatic plant from the family of Chetrian, which is used for food and medicine in different regions of Iran. Considering the importance of the compounds of this plant in the pharmaceutical ...

Number of pages: 134 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Thesis for receiving a master's degree in agricultural engineering, biotechnology in agriculture. Abstract This study was carried out in order to optimize the method of micropropagation of two native apple rootstocks (ornamental and jam) and to improve their establishment and branching stage. First, samples were taken from healthy and active branches of the mother trees of these ...

Number of pages: 31 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Dissertation for M.Sc. Abstract Orchids are among the most diverse family of flowering plants. This family has more than 800 genera and 25,000 species. Orchids come in a wide variety of sizes, shapes and colors. The lifespan of orchids after harvesting is also long. The large-scale increase of orchids using plant tissue culture techniques contributes to the position of this ...

Number of pages: 66 Category: Research Methodology

Abstract: Introduction and purpose: One of the most important adult stem cells that has attracted the attention of most researchers is mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow have the ability to transform into different types of cells, including fat cells, bone and cartilage, in addition, these cells can be differentiated into neuronal cells. Most ...

Number of pages: 154 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Dissertation (or thesis) for receiving a master's degree in agriculture, agricultural biotechnology, abstract: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important nutritious plant after cereals, and it is the fourth major crop in the world after wheat, rice and corn. Due to its vegetative reproduction, the potato product is susceptible to contamination by bacteria, fungi, ...

Number of pages: 99 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Master's thesis in the field of agriculture and plant breeding, agriculture trend. Abstract In order to investigate the effects of plant smoke extract and aerosol smoke on germination rate, germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling weight, seedling root and root to shoot ratio, as well as some growth indicators, in three medicinal plants, fox berry, chamomile ...

Number of pages: 163 Category: Medical Sciences

Dissertation to receive the degree of Doctor of General Dentistry Persian Abstract Introduction: Restoration of the lost tissue of the periodontium is the ultimate goal of ideal periodontal treatment. Proliferation of fibroblasts along with regeneration of periodontal tissue is an ideal therapeutic result. The use of low-power laser has been one of the proposed methods to ...

Number of pages: 179 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A) Field: Geography Major: Tourism Planning Flower and plant tourism is one of the special branches of tourism and day by day the number of this type of tourists is increasing in the modern world. Flower and plant tourism can be seen as visiting destinations where the primary motivation for traveling to those destinations is the interest in ...

Number of pages: 145 Category: Agricultural Engineering

Dissertation for Master's degree (M.Sc) major: Agriculture, investigating the effect of several types of pretreatment on Maritigal plant seeds (Silybum marianum) under several levels of salinity stress. Abstract: According to the available statistics at the global level, after China, India and Pakistan, Iran has the highest percentage of saline lands, so it is necessary to ...