The use of combined methods with the perspective of exergy analysis in order to modify the gas turbine cycle with the simultaneous production of fresh water in the multistage distillation system and its economic feasibility.

Number of pages: 130 File Format: word File Code: 32302
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Master's degree Category: Facilities - Mechanics
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  • Summary of The use of combined methods with the perspective of exergy analysis in order to modify the gas turbine cycle with the simultaneous production of fresh water in the multistage distillation system and its economic feasibility.

    Dissertation for Master's degree

    In the field of energy systems engineering

    Abstract

    Currently in Iran, many gas turbines are producing electrical energy, their efficiency is around 30% to 40% depends on environmental and operational conditions, in fact, two-thirds of this energy from fuel combustion is wasted through exhaust fumes and thermal waste. In order to increase the efficiency of these gas turbines and save fuel consumption, the exhaust smoke can be used to start fresh water production units. A relatively significant number of these power plants are located in areas of the country where there is access to salty water. In this regard, it is possible to propose some reforms to increase the efficiency of the gas turbine cycle. The main goal of this thesis is to combine the fresh water production unit with the modified cycle in the Kars Bay gas turbine power plant, which will result in increasing the efficiency of heat recovery and optimal production of fresh water. First, by using a smoke recovery boiler, the output of the gas turbine is used to produce the steam needed by the desalination units. According to the salinity percentage of the water used in water desalination units and the climatic conditions and performance parameters of the power plant, fresh water can be produced with the desired degree of purity. In this project, a multi-stage evaporation desalination unit is considered to produce fresh water and use recycled heat. Also, the economic feasibility of simultaneously using a reverse osmosis desalination system is investigated. The Persian Gulf Power Plant is a combined cycle power plant that is currently operated as an open cycle (gas turbine) and has 6 gas turbine units with a nominal power of 165 MW per unit. The power plant is located 20 km from the sea and The cooling system is an air type.

    Key words: exergy analysis, simultaneous production of power and fresh water in a multi-stage distillation system, economic feasibility of reverse osmosis in a linked system

    Introduction

    A gas turbine is a power generator that It produces a lot of energy compared to its size and weight. This device has provided significant services in the fields of industry and technology in the last twenty years.

    Today, the use of gas turbines in power plants and as a generator of electricity is very valuable and vital.

    In addition, it has been widely used in other industries such as petrochemical industries, space industries, marine platforms, trains, etc. Regarding the disadvantages of gas turbines, we can mention the following: The efficiency and the need for major repairs after the number of working hours are less and the power and efficiency changes based on the weather changes. Available statistics indicate that about 38% of the power plant capacity of the entire country is supplied through 176 gas turbine units with a nominal capacity of 9500 megawatts. However, due to the climatic conditions of the country, especially in the central and southern regions, which mainly have hot and long summers, these turbines face a decrease in power and efficiency. As it can be said that about 1900 megawatts (20% of the nominal power) of the gas turbine capacity is reduced in these seasons.

    The theory of gas turbines was proposed much earlier than the time when the technological possibilities provided the engineers with the ability to build them. Currently, the use of gas turbines has become very diverse and wide, making them a reliable and effective means of generating power. One of the basic principles In design, the principle is to save energy and optimize consumption. One of the ways to produce fresh water is to use the energy output of gas turbine exhausts.

    In this method, while preventing energy loss, environmental pollution is also reduced. So far, many efforts have been made to increase the performance of gas turbines, and to improve the turbine's efficiency, various parts of the turbine have been modified. It seems that according to the state of the country's power plants, gas power plants are the best option.Gas turbines are one of the most important and widely used power generation tools due to advantages such as high efficiency, relatively high production power, the ability to directly use natural gas as fuel and relatively low investment cost, the possibility of being used in combined cycles and simultaneous power and heat production systems. Gas turbines are used in many cases, such as power plants and natural gas pressure boosting stations

    According to the statistics provided, 80% of gas turbines of large industrial types that are working around the world were launched and used between 1965 and 1975. These turbines, whose number is also significant, are suitable and ideal candidates for applying new techniques. The existing changes and developments are aimed at increasing efficiency, reducing pollution, paying attention to environmental issues and making the best possible use of the available energy.

    In recent years, a large amount of articles and research projects in the Persian Gulf countries and North Africa have been dedicated to the use of new energy and recycled energy in the industry to produce fresh water.

    One ??of the most important issues in the design and implementation of such projects is attention to quality. The salt water used is the geographical conditions of the place of implementation of the project and the location of the power plant. Besides, the fresh water production capacity, which is a function of the output power of the power plant and direct and indirect costs, shows the need for specialized research. Dual-purpose systems are widely used for the simultaneous production of water and power. In these systems, steam is expanded at high temperature and pressure in a gas turbine, and power is produced before water is sweetened. Various arrangements of these dual-purpose systems are available. Power generation is controlled by the thermal energy of the combustion gases in the turbine, and the output is used to generate steam in the range of low to medium pressure in the recycling boiler. Choosing a cogeneration system requires evaluating economic and thermodynamic factors. The ratio of power production to fresh water in commercial dual-purpose systems is directly dependent on the design of the unit. This ratio in a dual-purpose system of gas turbine and multi-stage evaporative desalination varies from 8 MW per one million English gallons per day to about 20 MW

    In multi-stage sudden evaporation systems, sudden evaporation is caused by a sudden decrease in the pressure of a liquid whose temperature has already reached near the boiling point. The multi-stage sudden evaporation process is the evaporation of sea water and the condensation of the resulting steam in order to produce pure water.

  • Contents & References of The use of combined methods with the perspective of exergy analysis in order to modify the gas turbine cycle with the simultaneous production of fresh water in the multistage distillation system and its economic feasibility.

    List:

    Introduction..1

    Introduction..2

    Chapter 2 thermodynamic design and exergy analysis of gas turbine cycle.10

    2-1. Introduction..11

    2-2. Cycle thermodynamic model..11

    2-2-1 Compressor..12

    2-2-2 gas turbine exergy analysis study.

    2-4 Investigation of one stage of the evaporative desalination unit with a sudden pressure drop. 24

    . 2-4-1- Mathematical modeling of the evaporative desalination process with a sudden pressure drop. 28

    Chapter 3 Feasibility of fresh water production at Khaij Fars power plant. 32

    3-1. Introduction..33

    3-2. Determining the location of water intake in the sea..34

    3-2-1. The condition of the waves..34

    3-2-2 Sea and Sea..34

    3-2-3 Determining the location of the site..34

    3-2-4 Determining the appropriate method of water extraction from the sea.35

    3-2-5 Determining the thermal balance calculations of the recovery boiler. Regenerative. 37

    3-2-7 Use of electricity produced by the recuperative boiler. 38

    3-2 Factors affecting production costs. 38

    Chapter 4 Review of the economy of the unit of simultaneous production of electricity and fresh water. 41

    4-1. Analysis of the economics of water desalination plants. 42

    4-1-1 MSF method..42

    4-2. Investigation of investment costs in different types of water desalination plants. 45

    Chapter 5 methods of improving gas turbine cycle performance by aiming at the optimal point. 48

    5-1. Absorption refrigeration system..49

    5-1-1. Introduction..49

    5-2-. The effects of temperature change on gas turbine performance parameters.50

    5-3 advantages and disadvantages..52

    5-4. Technical plan of cooling system..53

    5-5. The results of the simulation in ASPEN. 56

    5-6 Exergy calculations in the power and fresh water production unit. 60

    5-6-1 Exergy calculations in the auxiliary combustion boiler. 67

    5-7 Costs of construction and installation of the recovery boiler. 67

    5-8 Functional system of a lithium-bromide absorption refrigeration unit. 68

    5-9 The results of the operation of two MSF units by increasing the load capacity in one turbine unit.71

    5-10 Calculation of the cooling load..78

    5-11 Investigating the climatic conditions of the power plant location.82

    5-12 Economic analysis..85

    5-13 Thermodynamic analysis and evaluation of the turbine layer cooling process on performance Cycle. 86

    5-14 Cooling process study..88

    5-15 Turbine modeling..90

    5-16 Internal cooling model..92

    5-17 Infiltration cooling model..92

    5-19 Cycle thermodynamic analysis..95

    5-20 Analysis Results..98

    5-21 system selection parameters for desalination units.109

    5-22 comparison of reverse osmosis system with multi-stage evaporation system..109

    5-23 conclusion..113

    Reference and sources..114

    Source:

    Technical documents of Bandar Abbas power plant and 1-documents

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The use of combined methods with the perspective of exergy analysis in order to modify the gas turbine cycle with the simultaneous production of fresh water in the multistage distillation system and its economic feasibility.