Smartening of a refrigeration system by infrared sensor

Master of Mechatronics

Abstract

As you know, the air conditioner is a high-use device and has a Freon refrigeration cycle. What drew the companies to the production of inverters was to solve the shortcoming of air conditioners in high energy consumption. To improve energy consumption in every part of the industry, one should pay attention to several parameters, it is better to review and improve all its parts in order to have an optimal cooling system. And in general, he used systems such as inverters, solar collectors, and various sensors. In solar collectors, part of the required power is actually supplied from solar energy, which is about 20-30%, and for further improvement, one should focus on sensors, including laser sensors, to achieve this goal. By using the infrared thermometer sensor, people can be identified and if they are not present, the system consumption can be reduced and finally turned off. With this method, about 10 to 20 percent of the energy consumption of these systems is saved.

Keywords: intelligence, infrared sensor, refrigeration, air conditioning

History of refrigeration and air conditioning system

Comfort and convenience of human life is one of the goals of human progress and humans are always in search of Inventing and building tools have been used to achieve this goal. One of the examples of the comfort of life is to provide the optimal temperature for the place of human life so that it is possible to live without hardship in the high summer and low winter temperatures. This requires the use of a cooling system in summers and heating in winters. Using the cooling system in summers, in addition to providing the comfort of life, also provides the possibility of healthy storage of perishable food. For this purpose, refrigeration systems have been developed and improved. These systems are used to provide human comfort and air conditioning. In fact, air conditioning can be called as a kind of air treatment for humans, that is, it is responsible for controlling temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and smell at the same time. The subject of refrigeration and air conditioning, which is a human need to preserve food and human comfort, has evolved over time and its beginnings date back centuries. Every aspect of the history of refrigeration is very interesting, the availability of refrigerant, the prime mover and developments in compressors and methods of refrigeration are all part of this history[1]. In Europe, America and Iran, a number of ice houses were built to store ice. Materials such as sawdust or wood chips were used as insulation in these ice houses. Later, cork was used as insulation material. Literature shows that ice was always available to nobles and they could keep it. In India, the Mughal emperors were very fond of using ice during the harsh summers in Delhi and Agra.

In 1806, the ice trade began. The ice trade was considered a thriving business in North America. Ice was transported to the southern states of America in the compartment of trains insulated by cork insulation with a diameter of 30 cm. Ice trading was also popular in several other countries, including Britain, Russia, Canada, Norway and France. In these countries, ice was either transported from colder regions or harvested in winter and stored in ice houses to be used in summer. The ice trade reached its peak in 1872 when America alone exported 225,000 tons of ice to various countries including China and Australia. However, with the advent of artificial refrigeration, the ice business gradually declined.

1-1-1 Artificial refrigeration

The history of artificial refrigeration began in 1755, the basis of the modern refrigeration system is the ability of liquids to absorb a large amount of heat (latent heat) as boiling and evaporation. William Cullen of the University of Edinburgh demonstrated this method in 1755 by placing water in thermal contact with ether under a receiver from a vacuum pump. Evaporation rate of ether is increased due to vacuum pump and water can freeze.This process includes two thermodynamic concepts, vapor pressure and latent heat. The liquid is in thermal equilibrium with its vapor, at a pressure called the saturation pressure, which depends on the temperature. For example, if the water pressure on the gas stove increases, the water will boil at a higher temperature. The second implication is that liquid vaporization requires a high latent heat during vaporization. If the latent heat is removed from the liquid, the liquid cools. As long as the vacuum pump maintains the pressure at saturation pressure, the desired ether temperature will remain constant. This requires the removal of all vapors formed due to evaporation. When a low temperature is desired, the saturation pressure must be lowered, which is done by the vacuum pump. A part of the modern refrigeration system in which cooling is done today is produced with this method, which is called the evaporator. In this cooling process, the vapors must be cycled depending on the liquid state, so that the cycle can be carried out continuously. The condensation process needs to dissipate heat to the surrounding environment, this can be done at ambient temperature by increasing the condensation pressure. The condensation process was discovered in the second half of the 18th century. Yu. F. Clute and J. Monge discovered liquid sulfuric acid (So2) in 1780, while van Marum and van Troostwyck discovered liquid ammonia in 1787. The important point is that the evaporated vapors can condense at higher temperatures than the surrounding environment. As a result, the compressor needs to stay at high pressure.