Determining the number of optimal modes in the analytical model of wind power plant reliability

Number of pages: 82 File Format: word File Code: 32202
Year: 2016 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Electrical Engineering
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  • Summary of Determining the number of optimal modes in the analytical model of wind power plant reliability

    Master's Thesis in Electrical Engineering (M. Sc.)

    Strength of Power

    Abstract - Today, due to environmental and economic reasons, the trend of using renewable energies, especially wind turbines, to produce electricity has increased in different countries of the world. On the other hand, the production power of wind turbines depends on the wind speed, and due to the uncertainty of the wind speed, the output power of these power plants is variable. This affects various power system issues including reliability. In order to investigate the effect of wind farms on power system reliability studies, a reliability analytical model is needed, in which both component failure and wind speed uncertainty are considered. Considering that the variety of output powers related to wind turbines is very large, it is necessary to reduce the number of modes related to the reliability model of these turbines with the help of clustering technique. In this article, in order to determine the number of suitable states for the reliability model of the wind farm, different clustering methods have been used and it is concluded that based on the undetermined average energy criterion, the average fuzzy method is the most appropriate method. rtl;">Foreword

     

    In recent years, the use of renewable energy sources, especially wind energy, to produce electricity has grown a lot around the world. Being clean and not having environmental problems, being cheap and not having to worry about the end of these energy resources are the reasons for this. On the other hand, the production power of these power plants varies over time due to dependence on renewable resources, and a constant power cannot be expected from these power plants. As an example, the production power of wind power plants depends on the wind speed, and as the wind speed changes, the production power will also change. This affects various power system issues including these power plants, including reliability. Based on this, it is necessary to conduct a more detailed study on reliability in today's power systems that generate a significant percentage of power from wind power plants. In this research, by having hour by hour data of wind speed and turbine power curve of wind power plants, the output power of wind units is obtained. Since the wind speed is very variable, the obtained model will have a large number of states, which is not suitable for conducting reliability studies. Based on this, it is necessary to determine the number of optimal modes as well as the power of these modes with the help of a suitable technique and to determine a suitable multi-mode reliability model for wind power plants. The obtained analytical model can be used in various power system studies such as planning, and also the number and capacity of power plants that need to be installed in the future in order to provide the predicted load can be obtained with this model. In determining the appropriate model of reliability (the number of modes and the capacity of each mode), different clustering methods are used and the most suitable technique that can obtain the most optimal model from the point of view of reliability is determined. This technique is obtained by comparing the results of different clustering methods.

    In reliability studies, there are analytical methods (multi-state model with the probability of occurrence of the states) and non-analytical methods (based on the Monte Carlo simulation method). In this research, an analytical method is used and a multi-mode reliability model for wind power plants is obtained, and therefore, the obtained model overcomes the problems caused by the simulation method, such as the need for high memory volume, spending a long time in simulation, and so on.

    Importance of the topic

    The gradual increase in the price of fossil fuels, the depletion of these resources, environmental issues caused by the consumption of such fuels and the production of greenhouse gases [1] such as CO2, SO2, NO2 that lead to the destruction of the ozone layer, cause the increasing use of renewable energy sources [2] such as wind turbines, hydroelectric power and systems Photovoltaic [3].  This has accelerated with the development of photovoltaic systems and wind turbine technology and the reduction of the cost of electricity produced by them. Figure 1-1 shows the trend of increasing the use of wind energy in electricity production [1]. As it is clear in this figure, the capacity of wind turbines installed in the world has increased from 6100 MW in 1996 to 318137 MW in 2013. Today, with the advancement of technology, wind turbines with a diameter greater than 120 meters and a capacity of more than 5 megawatts have been built, and with their widespread installation in wind farms, it is possible to produce large amounts of power that can be connected to the transmission network.

  • Contents & References of Determining the number of optimal modes in the analytical model of wind power plant reliability

    List:

    Abstract .. 1

    The first chapter (introduction)

    The importance of the topic. 5

    Review of the articles and works done. 9

    Conclusion of the studied articles. 11

    Chapter two (power system reliability)

    2-1- Concept of power system reliability. 14

    Reliability model. 16

    Evaluation of power system adequacy including renewable production sources. 19

    2-3-1- The technique of calculating reliability indicators at the first level. 19

    Chapter three (reliability model of wind farms)

    Types of electricity generation technologies in wind power plants. 23

    3-1-1- First type- Fixed speed type. 24

    3-1-2- Second type- Turbine with limited variable speed equipped with a multi-stage gearbox. 25

    3-1-3- Third type- Variable speed type with partial power electronic converter. 25

    3-1-4- Fourth type- Variable speed technology with direct drive and equipped with full power converter. 26

    3-1-5- Fifth type- Variable speed technology with one-stage gearbox and full power electronic converter.. 29

    3-1-6- Sixth type- Variable speed technology with box. Multi-stage gear and full power electronic converter..30

    3-1-7-7th type-Variable speed technology with partial power electronic converter equipped with two-way fed induction generator without a brush.31

    3-2-How to produce electricity by wind power plants.32

    3-2-1-Reliability model for wind unit based on two-way fed induction generator technology. ..33

    3-2-1-1- Introducing the components of the wind unit and obtaining the reliability model of the unit based on component failure..34

    3-2-1-2- The effect of wind speed uncertainty on the reliability model of the wind unit. 41

    3-2-1-3- The complete reliability model of the wind farm. clustering)

    4-1- The basis of clustering. 46

    4-2- Types of clustering methods. 47

    4-3- Fuzzy clustering. 48

    4-4- Efficiency criteria. 56. 4-4-3- Fukuyama and Sugeno's function. 57. 4-4-4- Xie and Beni's function. 57. 4-4-5 N. Zahid's function. 58. 4-4-6- M. Ramze Rezaee's function. wind farms) 5-1- Fuzzy average clustering. 64 5-1-1- Reliability model determination 65 5-1-2 RBTS system reliability study 66 5-2 Study by applying hard uniform clustering and considering the middle point as the center of the cluster 66 5-3 Study with applications Uniform hard clustering and considering the center of the cluster based on the weighting of the data in the cluster. 70

    5-4- Study by applying hard clustering and determining the range of clusters and their centers based on the optimization of the objective function based on the distance between the data. 73

    5-5- Fuzzy average clustering.

    5-5-2- Simulation results based on the appropriate wind farm reliability model. 78

    5-5-2-1- RBTS system reliability study.

    Suggestion for future work 83

    Source:

     

     

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Determining the number of optimal modes in the analytical model of wind power plant reliability