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Assessing the reliability of the distribution network connected to wind dispersed production by investigating the effect of weather

Number of pages: 52 File Format: word File Code: 32109
Year: 2013 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Biology - Environment
Tags/Keywords: Distribution network - Environment - Fossil energy - Monte Carlo simulation - Reliability indicators - Solar energy - The effect of weather - weather conditions - Wind dispersed products - Wind power plant
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  • Summary of Assessing the reliability of the distribution network connected to wind dispersed production by investigating the effect of weather

    Dissertation

    Master's degree

    Field: Power Electrical Engineering

    Abstract

    Due to the extent and complexity of distribution networks, the probability of an accident occurring in them is very high, which can affect many subscribers. put Therefore, reliability is one of the key parameters determining the success rate of the system in providing electricity to consumers. Therefore, the investigation and analysis of the reliability of the distribution network is of particular importance.

    This work is to evaluate the reliability of the distribution network located in the southern region of Mashhad city called Binalud with the presence of the Binalud wind power plant and taking into account the weather conditions, using the sequential Monte Carlo simulation method and using the MATLAB software. Considering weather conditions leads to a decrease in reliability indicators.

    Key words: Reliability - Badi Binload wind power plant - Weather conditions - Monte Carlo simulation

    Foreword

    At the end of the 18th century, with the human access to coal resources and the exploitation of mines, which was a prelude to the beginning of the industrial revolution, the New inventions came into existence and man was able to obtain the necessary conditions for the development of industry and better utilization of energy by using fossil energies and achieve remarkable successes. For the past few decades, a major part of the power required by the world is supplied from fossil sources such as oil and gas and nuclear energy, and after the oil embargo in 1973, renewable energy sources were widely discussed as sources of energy supply for the societies[1]. In addition, the problems of using fossil energies are their damage to the environment and the limited and finite nature of fossil resources. Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy are clean, renewable and environmentally friendly. Dispersed production is an excellent choice for power supply of small separate system as well as remote villages and areas that cannot technically and economically provide electricity to that area according to the grid rule. But the amount of energy available from these sources depends on the following factors:

    Geographical location

    Type of land

    Altitude

    Weather conditions

    Therefore, the supply of electrical energy by these types of sources will be associated with fluctuations. .

    But wind as one of the oldest sources of energy has long been of interest to humans. The history of using wind as a source of energy reaches about a thousand years ago in Iran. The first horizontal axis wind turbine was used in Iran in 645 AD and it is considered a perfect example of a wind energy conversion device and it continued to work without change until the 12th century, that is, until the advent of windmills in Holland, France and England [2]. It can be mentioned that wind energy is renewable, does not pollute the environment, is cheaper than nuclear and diesel power plants, and is safe [3].

    In this thesis, the reliability of the distribution network of the city of Binaloud is presented in five chapters as follows:

    The first chapter of distributed generation and system reliability It examines the power, and for this purpose, the characteristics of distributed generation, then the definition of reliability, and then its evaluation methods are stated.

    The second chapter explains the structure of wind turbines and firstly, it describes the general concepts and concepts of wind energy, and then discusses the components of wind turbines, the standards and approvals related to turbines.

    The third chapter examines the effect of weather conditions on reliability, and for this purpose, it first deals with the way the wind turbine works, and then it examines the effects of weather on the failure rate and repair time of parts, and shows the wind speed changes in different seasons in the form of a table.

    In the fourth chapter, the studied system is evaluated and the reliability indicators are in three states: DG [1] and the lack of influence of weather conditions 2- with the presence of DG and the lack of influence of weather conditions 3- with the presence of DG and with the influence of weather conditions are studied and evaluated.

    The fifth chapter includes conclusions and suggestions.  

    rtl;">Chapter One

    Distributed generation and reliability in power system

     

                                 

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

      Dispersed production is usually referred to production units that are out of the control of dispatching and receive money for energy production. They usually have low capacities, but this is not necessarily the case. Various technologies such as solar cells, wind turbines, fuel cells, small gas turbines, etc. It is used in distributed production units, being renewable is not its essence.
    For example, factories that have a diesel energy production source, but because they have a one-way meter and do not receive money for transferring electricity to the network, are not distributed production. Due to competition and restructuring in power systems, it is expected that small production units (distributed production) will play an increasing role in the future of these systems [5]. Many driving factors have increased the tendency to use distributed production systems. In general, these factors can be divided into five groups as follows [6].

    Remarkable industrial advances in the construction and application of related technologies

    Limitations in the construction of power transmission lines

    Introduction of the electricity market and related issues in the power system

    Increasing demand Subscribers for high reliability service

    High sensitivity regarding environmental pollution

    1-1 Main characteristics of distributed resources

    Distributed products have characteristics that are discussed below [7].

  • Contents & References of Assessing the reliability of the distribution network connected to wind dispersed production by investigating the effect of weather

    List:

    Chapter One: Distributed generation and reliability in the power system

    1-1 Main features of distributed resources.11 1-1-1 Specifications of distributed resources.11 2-1-1 Advantages of using distributed resources.11 3-1-1 Problems of using distributed resources.12 2-1 Definition of reliability.12 3-1 Studies and objectives. 13 4-1 Evaluation methods. 14 5-1 Modeling the effect of distributed generation on reliability. 15 6-1 Considering the possibility of unavailability of distributed generation units. 17 7-1 Reliability comparison between two traditional and restructured environments. 18 Chapter Two: Concepts and wind turbine structure 1-2 General and concepts of wind energy. 22 1-1-2 Origin of wind energy. 22 2-1-2 Predictability. 22 3-1-2 Land use. 23 4-1-2 Wind speed distribution. 23 5-1-2 Capacity factor. 23

                 

    6-1-2 periodic restrictions and penetration. 24                                                                                                                                                                      Types of wind turbines in terms of capacity. 27 3-2 Small-scale wind power. 27 4-2 Wind power plants 28 5-2 Types of wind turbines 29 6-2 Wind turbine components 31 7-2 Wind turbine working areas 33

    8-2 Principles of wind turbine operation 34 9-2 Operation of wind power 38 10-2 Standards and approvals related to wind turbines 39 1-10-2 Technical approval 40 2-10-2 Type approval 41 3-10-2 standards of wind turbines. 41. Chapter 3: The effect of weather conditions on reliability. 1-3. The effect of weather on reliability. 45. 2.3. Combiner model. 46. 3.3 Calculation of the probability of wind turbine electrical energy generation. 47. Simulation. 50

    Chapter 4: Reliability evaluation of the system studied Weather effect. 3-3-4 Evaluation of reliability indicators considering scattered production and weather effect. 57 4-3-4 Comparison of reliability index evaluation modes. 57 Chapter Five: Conclusion and suggestions 1-5 Conclusion 61 2-5 Suggestions 62 Sources: [1] Yang Hongxing, Zhou Wei, Lou Chengzhi, Optimal design and techno-economic analysis of a hybrid solar-wind power generation system, journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergy

    [2] Hongxing Yang, Lin Lu, Wei Zhou, A novel optimization sizing model for hybrid solar-wind power generation system, Solar Energy, 81 (2007) 76-84

    [3] T, Ackerman; "Wind Power in Power Systems", John Wiley Press, Royal INDEX AMOUNT Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2005. http://www.suna.org

    [4] A. Mossessian," A Reference guide for Design and Installation of Electrical Apparatus in Buildings", Nahsre Tose Iran, First edition, 2003.

    [5]  Weixing Li, Peng Wang, Zhimin Li, and Yingchun Liu "Reliability Evaluation of Complex

    Radial Distribution Systems Considering Restoration[5] Weixing Li, Peng Wang, Zhimin Li, and Yingchun Liu "Reliability Evaluation of Complex Radial Distribution Systems Considering Restoration Sequence and Network Constraints", IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2004, pp. 753-758.

    [6] A. A. Chowdhury, Sudhir Kumar Agarwal, and Don O. Koval, "Reliability Modeling of

    Distributed Generation in Conventional Distribution Systems Planning and Analysis", IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications, Vol. 39, No. 5, 2003, pp. 1493-1498 [7] In-Su Bae et al., "Optimal Operating Strategy for Distributed Generation Considering Hourly

    Reliability Worth", IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 2004

    [8] Weixing Li, Peng Wang, Zhimin Li, and Yingchun Liu "Reliability Evaluation of Complex

    Radial Distribution Systems Considering Restoration Sequence and Network Constraints", IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2004, pp. 753-758. [9] “IEEE Trial-Use Guide For Electric Power Distribution Reliability Indices”, IEEE std 1366, 1998. performance," in Proc. IEEE Can. Conf. Electr. Comput. Eng., 2005, pp. 494–497.

    [12] M. Karrari, W. Rosehart, O.P. Malik, "Nonlinear modeling and simulation of a wind generation unit for transient and stability analysis", Technical Report University of Calgary, March 2003.

    [13] Slootweg, J.G., Polinder, H. and Kling, W.L. "Initialization of Wind Turbine Models in Power System Dynamics Simulations." ”, IEEE Porto Power Tech Conference, 2001

    [14] A. Rajendra Prasad, E. Natarajan, Optimization of integrated photovoltaic–wind power generation systems with battery storage, Energy, 31 (2006) 1943–1954

    [15] J. G. Slootweg, H. Polinder and W. L. Kling, "Representing wind turbine electrical generating systems in fundamental frequency" simulations", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 18,

    No. 4, pp. 516-524, December 2003.

    [16] H. Kazemi Keregar," Wind turbine grounding system", 20th PSC2005 Conference.Nov. 2005.

     

    [17] L. Mihet-Popa, F. Blaabjerg and I. Boldea, "Wind turbine generating modeling and simulation where rotational speed is the controlled variable", IEEE Transaction on Industry Application, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 3-10, January/February 2004.

    [18] D. J. Trudnowski, A. Gentile, J. M. Khan and E. M. Petritz, "Fixed-speed wind-generator and

    wind-park modeling for transient stability studies", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19,

    No. 4, pp. 1911-1917, November 2004.

    [19] C. Vilar, J. Usaola and H. Amaris, "A frequency domain approach to wind turbines for flicker analysis", IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 335-341, June 2003.

    [20] M. Hu, J. Kehler, and D. McCrank, "Integration of wind power into Alberta's electric system and market operation," presented at the IEEE PES General Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA, Jul. 2008. [21] Word Wind Energy Report 10th "Wind Word Energy Confrance and renewable energy exhibition" CAIRO, Egypt, 31 Oct, 2 Nov. 2011

    Operation instructions numbers 1 to 8, date of issue 1/9/1350 revision date 1/1/1367. Tawanir Company [22]

    [23] R. E. Brown and L. A. A. Freeman, "Analyzing the reliability impact of distributed generation," in Power Eng. Soc. Summer Meeting, vol.2, 2001, pp. 1013–1018. [24] J.R. Ubeda, M.A.R. Rodriguez Garc?a; "Reliability and Production Assessment of Wind Energy Production Connected to the Electric Network Supply", IEE Proc.Gener.Transm.Distrib., Vol.146, No.2, March1999.

    [25] Fatih Onur Hocaoglu, Omer Nezih Gerek, Mehmet Kurban, The effect of model generated solar radiation data usage in hybrid (wind–PV) sizing studies, journal homepage:

    www.elsevier.com/locate/enconman

    [26] A. Rajendra Prasad, E.

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