Word Files
Reference for Downloading Educational Files
  2. Medical Sciences
  3. Investigating the therapeutic effect of Konar (cedar) honey on the healing of atrophy and wounds caused by oral erosive and atrophic lichen planus.

Investigating the therapeutic effect of Konar (cedar) honey on the healing of atrophy and wounds caused by oral erosive and atrophic lichen planus.

Number of pages: 100 File Format: word File Code: 32097
Year: 2013 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Medical Sciences
Tags/Keywords: Asal Konar - atrophy - but the plan - But the plan is atrophic - cedar - Erosio - Lichenoid reactions - Oral atrophic - oral cavity
  • Part of the Content
  • Contents & Resources

  • Summary of Investigating the therapeutic effect of Konar (cedar) honey on the healing of atrophy and wounds caused by oral erosive and atrophic lichen planus.

    To obtain a general doctorate

    in the field of dentistry

    Abstract

    Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of cedar honey in the treatment of atrophic lichen planus and oral erosion.

    Materials and materials Methods: The current research is a clinical trial study that continued from September 2018 to September 2019.  30 patients (2 men and 28 women) were randomly divided into two homogenized groups. The first group continued to apply honey (20 ml of honey, 3 times a day, on the wounds and then swallowed) together with the standard treatment (0.5 mg dexamethasone mouthwash, 4 times a day and 100 mg fluconazole capsules, once a day) for 4 weeks, and the patients in the second group received only the standard treatment.

    Examinations The patients were treated weekly and the size of atrophic and erosive lesions, the size of the intensity of the lesions (based on Tang Prasom criteria) and the amount of pain and burning (with VAS criteria) were recorded.

    Results: Both treatment groups experienced a significant reduction in the amount of burning, erosive lesion size and atrophic lesion size (especially in the first control), but there was no significant difference between the two groups. (p>0.05) Honey, along with standard treatment, had a greater effect in the treatment of wounds in the control group, (the rate of wound healing in the experimental group is 69%, while the rate of wound healing in the control group is 50%.) In other words, the effect of honey on wounds was more pronounced than its effect on erosive and atrophic lesions, although this difference was not significant. (p=0.137)

    Result: Honey did not have a significant effect in treating pain and burning as well as healing atrophic and erosive lesions compared to the control group, but it may have a positive effect on the healing of oral lichen wounds. However, more research with a larger sample size is required.

    Introduction

    Lecan plan is an inflammatory skin-mucosal disease that has an immunological origin and manifests itself in various forms. (1) This disease develops in the oral cavity, skin, genital mucosa, nails, and scalp. will be Lichen planus is one of the most common mucosal diseases of the oral cavity. (2)
    This disease has been classified in different ways, including:
    1- Lichenoid reactions
    2- Lichen planus

    lichenoid reactions

    Lichenoid reaction is used to describe lesions that are clinically and histopathologically similar to lichen planus, but have a specific etiology. In the differential diagnosis of oral lichen planus (OLP=OLP), lichenoid reactions should always be rejected first. (3)
    Some Dental materials, drugs and diseases cause these lesions. (4) Most allergens are foreign substances such as metal materials such as gold, nickel, mercury and palladium and drugs. (3) The clinical appearance of these lesions is similar to lichen planus, but usually the spread is less and in most cases it is seen unilaterally in the cheek and lateral area of ??the tongue. Manifestation is the erosive type. (1 and 5)
    Lichenoid drug reactions have similar clinical and histopathological features to OLP, with the difference that the history of the disease may provide signs of taking drugs that may be the cause of the lesion. These reactions usually begin 24-72 hours after exposure to the allergen. (3, 6) Discontinuing the drug and replacing it with another drug is the most reliable method to diagnose lichenoid drug lesions, but it may not be possible to do it. In some cases, such as lichenoid reaction caused by restorative materials, a patch test may be needed to prove contact allergy.(3, 5)

    GVHD = (Graft Versus-host disease:
    In GVHD, the competent immune cells of the transplanted tissue try to reject the host.
    Chronic GVHD in 15 to 50% of patients with 3 to 5 months after transplantation. Intraoral GVHD is characterized by lichenoid inflammation that occurs throughout the mouth and mostly involves the tongue and cheek. In fact, the oral cavity is a common site for changes in GVHD, and lichenoid is a component of GVHD. (7, 8)
    GVHD can occur anywhere. There are two forms, acute and chronic. Of course, the chronic form is often related to the usual lichenoid reactions. Its clinical symptoms include hyperkeratotic reticules and erythematous changes and ulcers, which can vary from low to high. (9)
    It is not distinguishable, and it is not possible to differentiate between the two based on histopathological views. But lichenoid reactions associated with GVHD usually involve more of the oral mucosa. (10, 3) Control and treatment of GVHD A treatment strategy similar to OLP may be used for chronic oral GVHD, which includes the use of topical steroids such as flucinonide. The development of secondary malignancy is recognized as a potentially serious problem in GVHD. (1)

    2.2% is different (1) and in recent researches, 1.27% of the general population has been mentioned. (11) Among the referring patients, the ratio of women is more than men, but it cannot mean a higher prevalence in women of the entire population. The average age at the time of diagnosis is about 55 years. (1)

    Skin lesions are present in 15% of patients in the form of purple and polygonal papules that are itchy and usually involve the folding surfaces of the organs. (10)
    Involvement of the oral mucosa is common and in many cases the only symptom of the disease. (10) The posterior part of the buccal mucosa is the most common site of involvement, and the tongue, gums, labial mucosa, vermilion of the lower lip are in the next ranks. The mucosal lesions of lichen planus have specific clinical manifestations and distribution patterns and include different types. (1, 12)

    Types of oral lichen planus
    1. Reticular
    2. Erosive and ulcerative
    3. Popular
    4. Plaque like
    5. Bullouse
    6. Atrophic
    7. Pigmented

    Reticular lichen planus
    It has a higher prevalence than erosive lichen planus and usually causes symptoms It does not and bilaterally, behind the buccal mucosa. Other mucosal surfaces of the mouth may also be involved at the same time, such as the sides and the back surface of the tongue, gums, palate and the margin of the million. The reason for the name is the presence of reticular lines, which are considered as the specific appearance of the lesion (Wickham lines). At the edges of these reticular lines, the view of Wickham's fine lines can be seen as fine ray-like lines. (1)
    But erosive and scarred plan
    is less common, but due to the symptoms of the lesions (pain and burning), it is more important for patients. It is also said that this type has a higher risk of malignancy than the reticular type. 
    Clinically, bright red erythematous areas can be seen, in the center of which there are wounds of different intensity and around them, white and delicate lines can be seen in the form of rays.

  • Contents & References of Investigating the therapeutic effect of Konar (cedar) honey on the healing of atrophy and wounds caused by oral erosive and atrophic lichen planus.

    List:

    Abstract. 1

    Chapter one: General and overview of the texts. 2

    Introduction and review of texts. 2

    Introduction. 3

    Lichenoid reactions. 3

    Graft Versus-host disease:. 4

    Control and treatment of GVHD. 4

    Lichen planus. 5

    Types of oral lichen planus. 5

    Reticular lichen planus 6

    Erosive and ulcerative lichen planus. 6

    Popular lichen planus. 6

    Plaque-like lichen

    Atrophic lichen. 8

    Role of cytokines 10

    Diagnosis of OLP 11

    Treatments 13

    2. Calcium inhibitors 14

    4. 15. Plaque and subgingival plaque removal. 15. Alternative treatments. 17. Propolis. 17. Honey. 17

    properties of honey. 18

    Honey and safety device. 18

    Anti-inflammatory property. 18

    Antimicrobial effect. 19

    Honey and wound healing. 20

    Honey and its anti-cancer effect. 21

    A review of texts. 22

    Articles related to various treatments for lichen planus (alternative and non-alternative) 22

    Articles related to the effect of honey and other bee hive products in the treatment of various diseases. 25

    Antimicrobial effect. 25

    Wound healing effect. 26

    Anti-inflammatory effect. 28

    Anti-cancer effects. 29

    Other effects. 30

    Chapter Two: Materials and Methods 31

    Statement of the problem and the necessity of doing research. 32

    Objectives and assumptions. 32

    a) General purpose. 32

    b) Specific objectives. 33

    C) practical goals. 33

    D) Assumptions or research questions. 33

    How to implement the plan. 34

    Method of data analysis and statistical analysis: 41

    Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. 42

    Entry criteria: 42

    Exit criteria. 42

    Chapter Three: Findings 43

    Findings 44

    Study of patients in terms of number and other variables 44

    A. Gender distribution: 44

    B. Level of education: 44

    C. Treatment history: 45

    Analytical review of effective factors. 45

    A. Homogeneity of two groups 45

    1. Sex. 46

    2. Age. 46

    3. Previous treatment history of lichen planus. 47

    4. Size and intensity of pain and burning. 47

    5. Size and severity of atrophic and erosive lesion. 48

    6. The size and severity of the wound. 48

    7. Size and severity of the disease. 48

    8. Number of years of disease. 48

    9. The number of waste. 48

    10. Place of waste. 49

    11. The relationship between the level of education and recovery. 49

    b) Examining the variables during the study. 49

        1- The average healing rate of lesions in different places by group (comparison of the visit session and the last session) 49

    2- The amount of pain and burning. 50

    3- Size and severity of atrophic and erosive lesion. 52

    4. The size of the wound. 54

    5. The severity of the disease. 55

    C. Examining the number of patients with complete and moderate recovery in each group at the end of the study. 57

         1. The rate of recovery of pain and burning in group 57

    2. The rate of recovery of atrophic lesion size. 58

    3. The healing rate of the size of the wound. 58

    4. Severity of the disease. 58

    The level of satisfaction with treatment. 59

    Chapter four: discussion and conclusion. 60

    Discussion and conclusion. 61

    How much and how to use honey. 64

    Age and sex. 65

    Improvement of pain and burning and severity of lesions. 65

    Intensity of pain and burning and size of lesions during sessions. 67

    Suggestion. 69

    Resources. 70

    Images. 82

    Abstract. 89

     

    Source:

    1. Greenberg M, Glick M, Ship J. Burket's oral medicine 11th ed. BC Decker INC, Hamilton. 2008; p41-106

    2. Pendyala G, Joshi S, Kalburge J, Joshi M, Tejnani A. Oral Lichen Planus: A Report and Review of anOral Lichen Planus: A Report and Review of an Autoimmune-Mediated Condition in Gingiva. Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, NJ : 1995). 2012;33(8): 102-108.

    3. Ismail SB, Kumar SK, Zain RB. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation. Journal of oral science. 2007;49(2): 89-106.

    4. Bratel J, Hakeberg M, Jontell M. Effect of replacement of dental amalgam on oral lichenoid reactions. Journal of dentistry. 1996;24(1):41-45.

    5. Hiremath SK, Kale AD, Charantimath S. Oral lichenoid lesions: clinico-pathological mimicry and its diagnostic implications. Indian journal of dental research: official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research. 2011;22(6):827-834.

    6. Ismail SB, Kumar SKS, Zain RB. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation. Journal of oral science. 2007;49(2):89

    7. Imanguli MM, Alevizos I, Brown R, Pavletic SZ, Atkinson JC. Oral graft-versus-host disease. Oral diseases. 2008;14(5):396-412.

    8. Schubert MM, Correa ME. Oral graft-versus-host disease. Dental clinics of North America. 2008;52(1):79-109,

    9. Mays J, Fassil H, Edwards D, Pavletic S, Bassim C. Oral chronic graft-versus-host disease: current pathogenesis, therapy, and research. Oral diseases. 2012.

    10. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. 3rd ed. printed in China: Saunders Elsevier 2009; 409: 786-788.

    11. Georgakopoulou EA, Achtari MD, Achtaris M, Foukas PG, Kotsinas A. Oral lichen planus as a preneoplastic inflammatory model. Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology. 2012; 2012:626-759

    12. Epstein JB, Wan LS, Gorsky M, Zhang L. Oral lichen planus: progress in understanding its malignant potential and the implications for clinical management. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. 2003;96(1):32-37.

    13. Nico MM, Fernandes JD, Lourenco SV. Oral lichen planus. Anais brasileiros de dermatology. 2011;86(4):633-641; 42-43.

    14. Lener EV, Brieva J, Schachter M, West LE, West DP, el-Azhary RA. Successful treatment of erosive lichen planus with topical tacrolimus. Archives of dermatology. 2001;137(4):419-422

    15. Scully C, Beyli M, Ferreiro M, Ficarra G, Gill Y, Griffiths M, et al. Update on oral lichen planus: etiopathogenesis and management. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine. 1998;9(1):86-122

    16. Andreasen J. Oral lichen planus: I. A clinical evaluation of 115 cases. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1968;25(1):31-42

    17. Pock L, Jelinkova L, Drlik L, Abrhamova S, Vojtechovska S, Sezemska D, et al. Lichen planus pigmentosus-inversus. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2001;15(5):452-454.

    18. Srinivas K, Aravinda K, Ratnakar P, Nigam N, Gupta S. Oral lichen planus - Review on etiopathogenesis. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2011;2(1):15-16

    19. Brant JM, Vasconcelos AC, Rodrigues LV. Role of apoptosis in erosive and reticular oral lichen planus exhibiting variable epithelial thickness. Brazilian dental journal. 2008;19(3):179-185.

    20. Sugerman PB, Savage NW, Walsh LJ, Zhao ZZ, Zhou XJ, Khan A, et al. The pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Critical reviews in oral biology and medicine: an official publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists. 2002;13(4):350-365.

    21. Sharma R, Sircar K, Singh S, Rastogi V. Role of mast cells in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology: 2011;15(3):267-271

    22. Vincent SD, Fotos PG, Baker KA, Williams TP. Oral lichen planus: the clinical, historical, and therapeutic features of 100 cases. Oral surgery, oral medicine, and oral pathology. 1990;70(2):165-171.

    23. Kalogerakou F, Albanidou-Farmaki E, Markopoulos AK, Antoniades DZ.

Investigating the therapeutic effect of Konar (cedar) honey on the healing of atrophy and wounds caused by oral erosive and atrophic lichen planus.
How To Access The File
Related Contents:
Number of pages: 129 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Master's Thesis of Forestry, Ecological Survey of Vegetation in Vezag Forest Region (Southeastern Yasouj) Abstract In applied studies, to solve ecological problems related to the management and protection of natural ecosystems, recognition and survey of vegetation is very important. Ecological investigation of the vegetation of Zagros forests, which are considered the largest ...

Number of pages: 146 Category: Psychology

Dissertation: To receive a master's degree in the field of clinical psychology, abstract depression is a well-known term, but a challenging issue in the field of mental health. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on the feeling of loneliness and general self-efficacy of patients with major depression. The statistical ...

Number of pages: 135 Category: Civil Engineering

Thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the field of civil engineering, oriented towards soil and foundation mechanics, Shahrivar   2013 Abstract Dams are always considered as infrastructure structures

Number of pages: 174 Category: Geography - Urban Planning

Master's Thesis, Geography, Geomorphology, Abstract: The wide plain of Khuzestan hosts important permanent rivers, the largest of which is the Karun River. The Karun watershed is one of the largest sub-basins of Iran and a part of the main watershed of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. The Karun River, with a length of about 890 kilometers, consists of four main branches, named ...

Number of pages: 136 Category: Civil Engineering

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Civil Engineering, Soil Mechanics and Foundation Abstract: Dams are always considered as infrastructure structures and have vital value. In the past, dams were mainly built for the purposes of providing drinking water and irrigation of agricultural fields, but today, due to the need for hydroelectric energy and other purposes, it has been ...

Number of pages: 62 Category: Medical Sciences

Dissertation for receiving the degree of Doctor of Dentistry Abstract The long-term clinical success of implants is dependent on osseointegration and adhesion of soft tissues and epithelium to implant surfaces. Various indices including: plaque index, gingival index, bleeding during probing and bone resorption are used to evaluate the health of the soft tissues around the ...

Number of pages: 144 Category: Psychology

Master's Thesis in Psychology - Assessment and Measurement Abstract The psychometric properties of Harry's stress questionnaire were examined after translation and validity of appearance and content were checked with factor analysis method. A sample of four hundred people from Tehran city were selected by simple random method and available sampling and completed the 66-question ...

Number of pages: 95 Category: Educational Sciences

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Educational Technology (M.A) Abstract This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of teaching based on the simulation of experimental interactive environments on the four skills of language learning in the English language course. Based on the goals pursued in the study, the method of this research is practical in terms ...

Number of pages: 175 Category: Civil Engineering

Doctoral Dissertation in Civil Engineering - Summer 2013 Earthquake Abstract One of the appropriate tools to know the condition of the network­ As one of the vital artery systems, water distribution is an indicator of reliability. one hand

Number of pages: 139 Category: IT Information Technology Engineering

Master's Thesis of Information Technology Management (M.Sc) academic year 1389-1390 Abstract In order to study and predict the distribution pattern of economically important benthic fish, catch data of 10 species