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  3. Investigating the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid

Investigating the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid

Number of pages: 74 File Format: word File Code: 32089
Year: Not Specified University Degree: Master's degree Category: Paramedical
Tags/Keywords: Aldehyde - Base coumarin - Biscoumarin derivatives - Catalyst - Clinical resistance - Hydroxycoumarin - theory - urea
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  • Summary of Investigating the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid

    Persian summary:

    Coumarin derivatives are of great interest due to their biological importance and medicinal activities. A number of coumarin derivatives, especially biscoumarins, have been known for their numerous and prominent features such as anti-blood clots, anti

    and KSF enriched with HCl was studied and the yield of the reaction was checked using the above reagents.

    In another synthesis, the following tetrakis product was prepared using 4 moles of 4-hydroxycoumarin and 1 mole of terephthalaldehyde.

    Then the synthesis of the above products was confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass tests.

    Key words: biscoumarin, urea, thiourea, aldehyde, clinical resistance

    Chapter one:

    General

    Subject plan:

    Synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives using different aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts and investigation of their biological effects

    1-2) Statement of the problem:

    In this research, while investigating the possibility of synthesizing various biscoumarins under different catalytic and solvent conditions, their biological properties on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. 

    1-3) Necessity of conducting research:

    Bacterial diseases such as Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, gonorrhea, syphilis, gangrene and bacterial endocarditis will have terrible effects and consequences in infected people. These people suffer from severe headache, fever, paralysis and destruction of internal organs and in some cases they die. Before the discovery and use of antibiotics, doctors did not have any tools to fight these pathogens. Penicillin is the most widely used and widely known antibiotic, which easily saved many lives during World War II. The development of drugs that prevent or treat microbial infections is one of the main advances in the field of improving the quality and quantity of life in recent years. Antimicrobial drugs are one of the most widely used types of drugs, which can be life-saving if used correctly, and at the same time, their incorrect and inappropriate use increases the cost, many side effects and drug interactions, drug resistance, and the devaluing of these valuable drugs. "Drug resistance" has attracted the attention of scientists and scientific circles for several years. A few years ago, a scientist predicted that despite the very high rate of drug resistance, all antibiotics will be ineffective in a few decades, and this means that mankind will return to the era before the discovery of penicillin! The evidence indicates that this scientist's prediction is slowly happening because new reports of drug resistance to antibiotics are being published from time to time. Despite the fact that antibiotics have saved the lives of countless humans and animals so far; But many wonderful drugs have reached the end of the line, because pathogenic bacteria have learned to resist them. In this regard, the interest and efforts to discover new antibacterial agents, whether natural, semi-synthetic or even fully synthetic, have increased. According to the above, the importance and need to synthesize new compounds that have appropriate antibiotic properties is an undeniable necessity. In addition to their traditional use, coumarin derivatives are used as anticoagulants (anti-vitamin K activity) (1). It has antibiotic activities (2) (it is present in the structure of antibiotics such as Novobiocin and its analogues) and has been used as antitumor drugs (geiparvarin) (3) (4). Coumarin derivatives have various physiological activities such as temperature reduction properties.They are antibacterial (5) and among their other properties, we can mention their effect against Leishmania, which is one of the initiators (6). A number of coumarin derivatives, especially biscoumarins, are known for their numerous and prominent properties such as anti-AIDS (7), anti-cancer (8), antimicrobial activity (9) and antioxidant (10), urease inhibition (11), enzyme inhibition activities (12-14) and cytotoxicity (5). In this research, we also decided to conduct a new method for the synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives and investigate the antimicrobial properties of these compounds. This study investigated the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, and silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid. . Meanwhile, our next goal is to investigate the antimicrobial properties of the above-mentioned compounds against some gram-positive and negative bacteria, which are reported in this thesis.

    1-5) Questions:

    By conducting this research, these questions will be answered:

    1) The best yield of the product is obtained during the reaction with which catalyst?

    2) Which catalyst has the shortest reaction time?

    3) Which aldehydes give the best product formation efficiency? Aldehydes with electron-killing or electron-donating groups?

    4) Examining the effect of different compounds on Gram-positive bacteria using the Agar-Well dilution Method

    5) Examining the effect of different compounds on Gram-negative bacteria using the Agar-Well dilution Method

    1-6) Definition of words:

    1-6-1 (One-pot reactions):

    A one-step synthesis is a strategy to improve the efficiency of a chemical reaction that involves reactants reacting in a reactor. This issue has been of great interest to chemists because by this means the long process of isolating and purifying compounds is limited. The intermediates are avoided and the waste of resources and time is eliminated, while the chemical yield is increased. The synthesis of one step can even be used for the production of complex drugs with several spatial centers (such as the synthesis of oseltamivir, which is an antiviral drug) (15) and have important commercial achievements. In a one-step synthesis, successive reactants are added to the reactor one at a time (this method is also called telescopic synthesis). react to form a new product that contains parts of all the reactants. The result of the reaction clearly depends on the reaction conditions: solvent, temperature, catalyst, type of raw materials, concentration and functional groups. Such considerations are of particular importance in relation to the design and discovery of new MCRs.

    Conventional multicomponent reactions in organic reactions have several advantages. They are useful in the process of drug making and in the pharmaceutical industry and related matters. They are one-pot reactions that often give products in good yields. The first multicomponent reaction was performed in 1838 by Laurent and Gerhart. Multicomponent reactions officially started in 1850, when Strecker was able to prepare ?-amino acids by using ammonia, carbonyl compounds and hydrogen cyanide. The preparation of heterocyclic compounds by multicomponent reactions started in the early 1880s (16).

  • Contents & References of Investigating the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid

    List:

    None.  

    Source:

     

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Investigating the possibility of synthesizing biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of various catalysts such as thiourea, urea, silica gel enriched with sulfuric acid
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