) Master's thesis in microbiology direction
Abstract:
In view of the expansion of the use of leeches for therapeutic purposes and since the Food and Drug Administration approved that the use of leeches after surgery can lead to bacterial infection. FDA
In this study, independent culture and dependent culture will be used to know the specific signs of gastrointestinal tract microbes in Hirudo orientalis. Leeches with their medical properties have made a huge contribution to modern medical knowledge. There is a dangerous complication for small vein surgery that causes blood flow to decrease and immune compromise to occur. Leeches with healing properties in the form of a strong hidden force prevent the closing of the vessels and also dilate the vessels and cause the active movement of blood. The purpose of this research is to identify the microbial flora of the Hirudo orientalis leech. Therefore, this project, by combining the usual methods of microbiology and biochemistry with molecular techniques, has obtained the microbial flora of these therapeutic leeches and in this way identifies them. They were not fed and the second group were subjected to blood feeding.
After cultivation and microbial isolation, we identified them by biochemical tests and finally, by advanced molecular tests such as PCR and Cloning, and determining the sequence of the samples using the 16SrRNA gene, we determined the identity of the bacteria
Introduction:
The leech's ability to digest blood and secrete anticoagulant and vasodilator enzymes simultaneously led to
the food and drug monitoring organization using leech therapy as a useful method to treat blood clots and prevent death after surgery.
introduce surgery, but if the patients have local or total defects
be immune system leech therapy leading to wound infection by device bacteria
is digested. Bacterial infection occurs in more than 20% of patients if
Before leech treatment, the patient has taken antibiotics to suppress this infection
. Aeromonas, one of the bacteria located in the leech's digestive system
It causes the death of other microorganisms and causes infection.
leeches that do not feed on blood such as Eropobdella punctata often
has three bacteria Pseudomonas sp, Aeromonas sp and Klebsiell sp
are symbiotic in their digestive system.
leeches alone can be a source of antibiotic production. These compounds
Peptide is released in the body much faster and easier than antibodies. Compounds
leech antibacterial peptide may also help treat human disease.
During blood feeding, when the leech is saturated with blood from the bite site, it will
separates itself. Usually, this time lasts 20 minutes after the bite starts
.
Normally, there are a number of parasites in the leech's digestive system, but in the body
humans cannot survive and are not actually a threat to human health, but bacteria
s, viruses and parasites caused by previously eaten blood can remain active in the leech's body for months and be transmitted to humans again. Diseases such as
This way it is transmitted from one person to another.to Hepatitis B and HIV
for this reason, after using a leech once, it should not be used to
treat another person and it should be destroyed immediately.
During blood feeding, one should avoid bringing fire, cigarettes, salt, soap, or substances near
chemical stimulants such as alcohol, vinegar to the leech because it causes
blood to rise from the inner part of the digestive tract, i.e. where the layer is located
and this is taken This problem increases the possibility of infecting bacteria to the patient's wound.
examining the microbial flora of the leech body and comparing it with the internal microbial flora
digestive system and their relationship with each other in this research is an important issue that is currently being researched in Iran. It has not been done in this regard.
General
Related
With leech
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Leeches are ringworms that are similar to earthworms, but they are different from them in terms of anatomy.
The word leech in Arabic means Vidan or Alaq. Alaq is a special name for leech
and Vidan means all kinds of worms, which includes leeches.
Scientific classification: Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Annelida Class:Clitellata Order: Hirrudinida Family:Hirrudini Genus:Hirrudo Species:orientalis rtl;">
leeches live in fresh water, shallow waters, marshes, swamps, under rocks, floating pieces or as an object on the bottom of the water. They are nocturnal and go hunting at night. They are also capable of understanding light, smell, sound, touch, heat, and vibration. The main morphological characteristic of leeches is the same. A fully mature animal is about 20 cm long, and they are greenish-brown or greenish-brown in color with a series of narrow red lines on the back. The dorsal surface is darker than the ventral surface.
The body of all leeches consists of 33 parts, 26 of which are in the front part and 7 of which are in the back part. It has two sucking organs, one at the front and the other at the end of the body, which are called the front sucking organ and the terminal sucking organ. The back suction organ basically plays a role like a lever for the animal to stick to the surface, considering that the front suction organ rotates around it. The front sucking organ, where the animal swallows food, includes jaws and teeth. 3 rows of jaws with 100 teeth in each. They have 5 pairs of eyes on top of their heads, which are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye