Dissertation for receiving a doctorate degree in dentistry
Abstract
Introduction
Considering the importance of milk teeth in creating an ideal occlusion, it is essential to preserve them due to caries. One of the methods of restoring milk teeth is to use Steel veneers do not rust. Maintaining the health of tooth-supporting tissues is one of the necessities. The purpose of this study is to determine the periodontal health status of the permanent first molar adjacent to the deciduous second molar after being covered with stainless steel veneers. This research is on 30 students. 8-11-year-olds from schools in Mashhad in the form of a crossover clinical trial study was conducted as a pilot. The samples were examined and selected according to the entry and exit criteria. In the first session of treatment, after obtaining informed consent from the parents, 2 bitewing radiographs were taken from both sides of the child's jaw to check the distance between the edge of the alveolar bone crest and the junction of the mesial area of ??the permanent first molar and the distal molar of the mandibular deciduous tooth; then the sulcus depth of all areas of the 6th and E teeth were measured. Using the Sillness & Loe index, it was recorded in the permanent molar and the milky second molar, and then fluoride therapy was performed and hygiene instructions were given. In the second session, pulp treatment was performed and veneers were placed. 6 months after the treatment, in order to check the periodontal health status of the permanent first molar adjacent to the treated deciduous second molar, 2 radiographs were taken and examined. In this research, SPSS version 11/5 software was used for statistical analysis, as well as Kolmogorov-Smirnoff, Wilcoxon and paired t tests.
Findings
This study showed that plaque and gum index in tooth E improved significantly after placing the veneer (p=0.046 and 0.04 respectively). p = 0. The index of plaque and gingiva in tooth 6 also improved significantly (p=0.046 and p=0.002, respectively). If the distance from the edge of the alveolar bone crest to the junction of enamel and cement and the depth of the sulcus did not show a significant change. Stainless steel coating on a baby molar tooth has improved the condition of the plaque and gingival index on that tooth and its adjacent permanent molar and had no destructive effect on the adjacent permanent first molar. II Shiri
Introduction
Different researches in dentistry have shown that how the oral health condition affects the quality of life, through influencing the general personal and social health. Pain, discomfort, sleepless nights, and children's non-participation in the classroom due to tooth decay are all reasons that affect the quality of children's lives. The main goal of a dentist who works on children is to prevent the occurrence of oral and dental diseases, to repair them and replace lost teeth, and finally to create and maintain an efficient, painless and beautiful dental system.
Given the importance of milk teeth in developing ideal occlusion, their preservation and maintenance due to decay, impact or developmental disorders using various restorative methods is essential. The most common materials used to repair and reconstruct milk teeth in dentistry include composites, various resin systems, glass ionomers, amalgam, etc. And finally, stainless steel veneers do not rust. In the restoration of these teeth with veneers, maintaining the health of the tissue that supports the veneered tooth and the teeth adjacent to it is one of the primary requirements of this treatment.Since the existing research in this field is mostly retrospective and has no intervention in the study and has some weaknesses and shortcomings, this study aims to investigate the periodontal health of permanent molar teeth adjacent to milky molars after treatment with steel veneers. 1-1 Do not rust steel veneers[1] rtl;">Stainless steel veneer is a durable and cheap restoration that is easily and quickly placed, but unfortunately, some dentists consider this treatment as an invasive method, therefore, its prescription in milk teeth has not been given enough attention because they consider the decision to restore a tooth with a veneer to mean excessive tooth grinding and high cost, and finally putting the tooth at risk.
milk teeth are teeth with a limited lifespan. By choosing the "right" restoration with the expected lifespan, dentists can succeed in providing a permanent restoration that never needs to be replaced. This is basically impossible for permanent teeth, because the life expectancy for restorations is much shorter than the life expectancy for teeth (1).
Eliminating caries in milk teeth, The thinner enamel and dentin compared to permanent teeth weakens the remaining tissue of the tooth crown, as well as the contact area in milk molars in the form of a surface, and in order to place the amalgam or composite end zone in the self-cleaning area, an almost large box is needed, which itself causes the tooth to weaken. Also, due to the small size of milk molar teeth after removing caries, the buccal and lingual walls are often thin and weak. Therefore, if it is necessary for the restoration of the first molar to remain for more than 2 years, shallow cuttings with weak walls often cause the failure of class 2 restorations (1). On the other hand, due to the fact that decay in primary teeth causes more pulp disease, and in this treatment, the roof of the pulp chamber, which is self-connecting and supports the buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal walls, is removed, as a result of these teeth, under occlusal pressure, it leads to crown-root fracture, according to the above-mentioned materials, the use of stainless steel veneers is probably the most reliable repair for this. It is milk teeth.
In several retrospective studies, the durability of SSC has been compared with other restorations and it has been shown that in all of them, these veneers had significantly more longevity and stability compared to other types of restorations (5,4,3,2). pulpectomy and teeth with developmental defects and extensive caries that cover several tooth surfaces; It is used because the use of amalgam in these teeth will cause the treatment to fail. The use of SSC in caries-prone children who have decayed anterior teeth and molars causes the teeth to be kept longer. Both in terms of strength and durability, veneers are superior to two-level amalgam (6).
According to the study of Hickel et al., the percentage of annual failure in stress-bearing caries in primary molars is, respectively: 0-14% in SSC, 0-3.35% in amalgam restorations, 0.25-8% in glass-ionomer restorations, and 2-1.29% in non-reinforced restorations. Traumatic was 0-15% in composite restorations and 0-11% in composite restorations. The main causes of failure were: secondary decay, marginal defects, fractures and wear (7).
Croll stated that dentists have been using SSCs for the restoration of deciduous and permanent posterior teeth for about 50 years because they have advantages such as convenience, low price, strength and reliability compared to other restorations(8).
Results of the study Mata and his colleagues showed that the use of SSC in primary teeth leads to longer life and less retreatment (9). According to the study of Attari and his colleagues, prefabricated metal veneers in the treatment of severely damaged primary teeth had a much higher success rate than other restorative methods (10). According to the study of Yengopal et al., oral health specialists should use the best option in choosing the type of restoration to restore teeth in childhood. When this restoration is placed in the mouth, it should provide several goals, including: strength, beauty, reduction of symptoms, etc. be (11).