Investigating the effect of regular sports activity on ways to cope with stress in female nursing students of Gilan University of Medical Sciences 2019.

Dissertation for Master of Nursing Degree

(Community Health Nursing Orientation

Abstract

Introduction: Not exercising and ineffective stress coping methods are common among nursing students, which leads to negative health consequences, since these students will be health service providers in the future. Clients are role models for them, which increases the importance of the study on them.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of regular sports activity on ways of coping with stress in female nursing students of Gilan University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and methods: This study is an interventional study of the randomized controlled trial type. There were two groups of test and control. Before and after the intervention, the method of coping with stress was investigated in two groups using the WCQ tool. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 16 statistical software and descriptive statistics (prevalence, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t and independent t) considering the significance level of p<0.05. Results: The findings showed that between the two groups in terms of age, status There was no statistically significant difference between marriage, place of residence, mother's education, parents' occupation, family income level and number of family members, but there was a significant difference between the year of arrival and mother's education. There was a significant difference between the mean of confrontational style, distancing, self-control, seeking social support, thoughtful problem solving, positive re-evaluation, responsibility, problem-oriented and emotion-oriented before and after the intervention in the test group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the mean of avoidance and avoidance before and after the intervention in the test group

Conclusion: physical activity can be effective on the mental health of students through the effective use of coping methods against stress

Keywords: coping with stress, regular sports activity, student rtl;"> shows emotional, physical and cognitive reactions. In general, there are two types of stress, destructive or malignant and beneficial or benign stress (1). Destructive stress is unpleasant, harmful and pathogenic stress, but beneficial stress is a pleasant and pleasant stress that gives a person positive feelings (1). The effects of stress are related to the intensity and duration of stimuli; For example, mild stress stimulates a person's thought processes and makes him alert to the environment and motivates him to achieve success (2). But intense and prolonged stress are associated with negative effects such as weakening the immune system and reducing the body's defense against diseases. In terms of theoretical discussions on stress, the main focus on stress is malignant (3). Through the effect they have on the central nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system, mental stress reduces the physical and mental health of a person (4). Among the diseases and mental symptoms caused by stress, we can mention depression and anxiety, researches show that there is a direct relationship between the existence of stress and anxiety and depression (5).

Today, students are considered one of the important sections of the society due to the important role they play in the future administration of the country. 2553726 people have been declared (6). And according to these issues, the importance of students' health becomes more clear and mental health is one of the important dimensions of students' health, as the future builders of the country, this group is due to the specific age and social situation.. And according to these issues, the importance of students' health becomes more clear and mental health is one of the important dimensions of students' health, as the future makers of the country, this group is exposed to a lot of stress due to their specific age and social situation. Studies have shown that the prevalence of mental disorders and diseases among students is increasing (5). In cross-sectional and limited research conducted in Iran at the level of various universities, the prevalence of mental and behavioral disorders of students has been between 7 and 31% (5). Various stresses with a negative impact on individual and social coping resources reduce the individual's resistance and in the long run have unpleasant effects on the physical and mental health of students. Also, stress can cause physical and mental illnesses, dysfunction and adaptability, and ultimately lower the quality of life of students (5). In recent years, attention has been paid to the sources of stress and Coping methods have been investigated in different groups and these studies have shown that the use of coping methods has an important role in reducing stress. Among them, students are constantly exposed to environmental and psychological pressures, including educational, social and economic problems; it is clear that the consequences of stress will have an adverse effect on their academic performance and mental health (7). It is very important that their job is related to human body and mind. In addition to having the problems of other students, medical students also have their own problems, including the psychological pressure of the environment (hospital, emergency room, etc.), dealing with patients' issues and problems, and not having a clear career future. For this reason, it seems that medical students are more at risk of losing mental health than other students (8). In particular, the psychological problems of medical students have been seen more than those of non-medical students (8).

In this context, the results of Farmanbar's research in 2012 among medical students in Gilan also showed that the majority of first year students (44.60%) had a dangerous situation and the majority of final year students (52.30%) had a good situation in the field of stress control, although this difference was not statistically significant (9).

Avoiding malignant and harmful stresses is impossible, but to prevent or at least reduce these stresses, measures can be taken (10). In recent years, attention to the sources of stress and ways to deal with it have been studied in different groups and these studies have shown that the use of coping methods plays an important role in reducing stress. The best way to deal with stress is to remove the factor of facing stress (stimulus), but most of the time this is not possible, therefore, it is necessary to adapt to the stress and make it easier to bear it, and the severity of it is lower, in simpler words, to adapt to the stress, that is, to accept it and to react effectively against it (11). There are two types of coping with stress: problem-oriented coping; trying to control the relationship between the person and the stressor and emotional coping; Trying to match and regulate emotions and excitement caused by stressful factors and their results (10).

According to the Folkman Lazarus model (1984), a person uses cognitive skills to solve a problem by using an efficient problem-oriented coping style. Based on this, the methods of dealing with the problem are directly examined and psychological satisfaction is usually achieved by finding suitable solutions to solve the problem. On the other hand, emotion-oriented strategies include efforts to regulate the emotional consequences of a stressful event and maintain the emotional and emotional balance through controlling the emotions resulting from a stressful situation (10). Considering the problems caused by stress, it seems necessary to provide solutions to reduce these factors and to change people's attitudes and dealings with stressful factors. Many researchers state that sports programs reduce mental pressure (8). Among the effective factors in modulating stress and ways to deal with it, regular physical activity and exercise can be mentioned. Today, regular physical activity is increasingly accepted as a means to maintain and increase mental health. In general, the results of research indicate that sports behavior improves mental health, including improving mood (12).