Comparing the effect of eight weeks of plyometric and strength exercises with weights on some physical fitness factors of Iran's men's liver team.

Academic Thesis for Master's Degree

Field: Physical Education

Sports Physiology

Abstract

This research is a semi-experimental research that aims to investigate and compare the effect of plyometric and strength exercises with Weighting was done on the physical fitness factors of Iran's men's national liver team. The subjects of this research included thirty (30) adult elite hepatologists in the age group of 18-26 years old, who were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 10 people, including two experimental groups and one control group.  Of the two experimental groups, one group did plyometric exercises and the other group did weight exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions a week.

SPSS software was used for the experiment and statistical analysis. Correlated t-test was used to determine the effect and compare pre-test and post-test in both experimental groups. The research findings showed that there was a significant difference between the average power, agility and speed in both plyometric and weightlifting groups after 8 weeks of training compared to the control group, and it led to improvement. Also, the results of the research showed that there is no significant difference between the average power, agility and speed in both plyometric and weight groups in terms of effectiveness, and both have improved the factors to the same extent. rtl;"> 

Chapter One

General research

1-1 Introduction

Today, due to the quality of life and well-being that has progressed a lot compared to the past, efforts to promote wellness and disease prevention are national priorities. Not only the scientific and medical communities, but also the general public have become increasingly aware of the profound effect of lifestyle on physical and mental health and quality of life. Because the only goal for all nations is to live with health and vitality. Perhaps it is better to start the most basic step from childhood and adolescence. Many people define health as the absence of disease. It is a fact that healthy people are people without diseases. But the concept of health goes beyond that. Health means vitality, strength and well-being of the body and mind. Perhaps the best definition of health is its Greek definition, which means a healthy mind in a healthy body, however, mental, social, environmental and spiritual health are other components of health. The importance of physical activity as a complementary part of a healthy life has expanded, and scientific evidence of the health benefits of exercise is increasing. Modern technology has reduced the number of jobs and most professions rely on brain power more than physical strength. Daily tasks such as mowing the lawn are also mechanized, driving has replaced walking, and tasks that required an hour of physical work, are now done by pressing a button for a few seconds by dialing a phone number. As a result, more time is left for leisure activities. But unfortunately, many people suffer from sedentary activities such as watching TV. They use in their free time. Although the human body is designed to move and do hard physical activities. But exercise has not yet become a part of the normal way of life (Parsa 1377).

Acquiring general knowledge and information about physical activities is one of the most important internal motivations for participating in physical activities. Those who are familiar with physical activities understand its value more. Such people consider participation in physical activity programs in their life plan throughout their life, and some even plan and evaluate these programs according to their information. Due to the progress of industry and machine life, daily physical activity has decreased drastically, and in order to compensate for this sedentary life, physical activity related to play and recreation, and as a result, activities related to health, were developed. Today's life does not allow the use of natural physical activities that existed in the past ages.  For example, in ancient Iran at the beginning of the Roman Empire, physical exercises were necessary and mandatory for soldiers, and physical programs were carried out to increase military readiness and defense. As mentioned, the training program and method is an important factor in improving physical performance and sports skills. In general, physical fitness components related to health include muscle strength, muscle endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility and body composition, and physical fitness components related to skill components include reaction time, speed, balance, agility, coordination, and strength. Among the different training methods, plyometrics is a training method that many athletes use to increase strength or explosive power (Shaygan 2013).

Obviously, the progress and improvement of records, sports techniques and tactics, and the upward trend in the progress of various aspects of sports fields have been a sign of the expansion and development of the scientific infrastructure and the scientific community and coaching methods. Hence, the movement towards championship fields and professionalization has increased. and anyone may participate in a sports activity and training program for any reason and purpose. But due to the fact that sports talent is one of the most important factors in achieving a high level of sports performance, the development of athletes' talent by coaches strictly based on sports science principles is very important. Therefore, while recognizing these talents, it should be grown and developed in a correct way. Sports experts usually believe that in order to achieve a high level of sports performance, it is necessary to develop the level of performance and preparation of people with different training methods. In other words, scientific findings in this field have played an important role in setting up and implementing the training programs of sports champions. Sports exercises basically increase human movement ability. These exercises have gained a lot of scope and the purpose of these exercises is to achieve the championship in short, and to be superior in competitions and sports fields. Among these training methods that will not be long gone is the use of plyometric exercises. has been Scientific findings in this field have played an important role in setting up and implementing training programs for sports champions. Regardless of hereditary factors that have a decisive contribution to sports performance, another important factor that is very effective in this development is the training program and method. (Kerbasi 1378)

Different training methods have been used to develop the factors involved in the physical fitness of athletes in different sports fields. For many years, training with weights, with various methods provided by researchers and experts in physical education and sports sciences, has attracted the attention of coaches and interested athletes. In recent years, with the advancement of sports science and physical education, new methods have been presented, which have had very good results on the athletes' abilities, despite less costs and less time spent and less potential losses. Among these methods, plyometric exercises, which are preferably performed without weights and using calculated jumps from a low height, and only using the body weight, which creates the necessary overload to increase the appropriate pressure during jumping, have received attention. Each of the methods has had different uses in developing the abilities of athletes in different disciplines, according to the need for relevant equipment and beneficial effects, and possibly tests that have been used for athletes. (Karbasi 1378)

There is little information available to accurately determine the scope of the effects of this type of training on various factors of physical fitness of athletes and their calculated use.