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The role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of South Pars Gas Complex Company

Number of pages: 99 File Format: word File Code: 31617
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Physical Education - Sports
Tags/Keywords: Employee productivity - Improve productivity - leisure time - Leisure time based on physical activity - Manpower - physical activity - productivity - sports activity - Sports management
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  • Summary of The role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of South Pars Gas Complex Company

    Dissertation for receiving a master's degree (M.A)

    Strategy: Sports Management

    Abstract

    This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of South Pars Gas Complex Company. The method of causal research is comparative. The statistical population includes all male and female employees in 1993, whose number was 2400 (130 women and 2270 men).  The research sample of 290 people (77 women and 213 men) was selected by stratified random sampling method and based on Karjesi and Morgan table. The data collection tool was Jahid's productivity questionnaire (2015) and the sports (physical) activity scale of Markos et al. (1992). After the statistical analysis of the data using one-way and multivariate variance analysis, the results showed: leisure time based on continuous physical activity has an effect on improving employee productivity, so that leisure time based on physical activity affects 20% of energy, 12% of motivation and 13% of participation of employees of South Pars Company. The type of work (daytime, shift and night work) has no effect on employee productivity, gender has no effect on employee productivity.

    Keywords: productivity, leisure time based on physical activity, South Pars

    Chapter One

    general research

    1-1-Introduction

    In today's competitive business environment, the main concern of organizations is to strive for their survival and development and comprehensive progress. In line with this important goal, most of the resources of any organization are aimed at its human, financial and technical resources, which is certainly the human capital that determines the direction and direction of the capital (Yacoubi, Moghadami and Kikha, 2019). Considering the importance of the role of the human factor in organizations, paying attention to it has a high priority (Rahgozar, 2010). Because, despite the huge progress of the recent period in various fields, people are still the main backbone of the organization, so that the success of organizations in achieving their goals, including improving productivity, depends on how they view people and how to use human resources (Bahrami, 2015). have identified as effective factors and briefly factors such as continuous job training of managers and employees, promotion of motivation among employees to work better and more, creating suitable fields for initiative and creativity of managers and employees, establishing a suitable performance-based payment system and establishing a system of punishment and encouragement, work conscience and social discipline, health and wellness of managers and employees, improving the quality of work life, etc. A specific cause cannot be presented, but it is stated that the improvement of productivity should be considered as the result of a combination of various factors (Robbins [2], 2005).  Therefore, it is clear that the productivity of human resources is influenced by numerous internal and external organizational factors (Saatchi, 2013), in this research, attention has been paid to the leisure time [3] based on physical activity [4] of the employees, which plays an important role on their health and well-being; Because creating a safe and healthy environment in terms of physical and mental will lead to more productivity [5] in the employees and ultimately the organization.From this point of view, the authorities should pay attention to the exercise and health of the employees, not as an important factor, but as the most important factor and consider it as a factor that guarantees the efficiency of the employees and leads to better work attitudes and more satisfaction, and also causes the reduction of absenteeism of employees and the maintenance of active and creative human resources, the increase of group activities, the improvement of communication within the organization, the reduction of stress between leaders, managers and employees and the competitive advantage for attracting human resources and ultimately improving the power, as a result of increasing the quality of work life, more productivity and It will lead to the advancement of the strategic goals of the organization (Shaygan, 2019).

    There are many approaches related to leisure time based on physical activity that lead to changing the behavior of human resources, from sociological approaches to psychological approaches. One of the approaches or models that can include the goals of employee behavior management and sports management and physical training and has been emphasized in western researches is the inter-theoretical model [6] that focuses on health education and attention to it in identifying the factors affecting the creation and continuation of sports behavior. The inter-theoretical model is a uniform and comprehensive model in behavior change that has been widely used to promote sports behavior and regular physical activity (Spencer [7], 2006). Based on the assumptions of this model, this research tries to investigate the role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of the South Pars Gas Complex Company.

    1-2- Statement of the problem

    The most important factor or the main lever for reducing or increasing the productivity of any organization is its human resources (Saatchi, 2013). Productivity is the effective and efficient use of inputs or resources to produce or provide outputs. Inputs are resources (such as energy, raw materials, capital and labor) that are used to create output or output (which is goods produced with services provided by an organization). According to Tangan [8] (2005), productivity means obtaining the maximum possible profit by utilizing and optimally using labor force, power, talent and skill of manpower, land, money, equipment, time, place. In order to promote well-being.

    Innumerable factors affect the productivity of human resources, and it seems that leisure time based on physical activity can affect the productivity of employees, the following studies and reviews show that physical activity and changing the behavior of physical activity due to the low mobility of jobs, not only improves the performance and health of employees, but also increases the efficiency of employees, increases production, reduces injuries, creates a spirit of cooperation, Participation [9], motivation [10] work, increased communication and job satisfaction (Jordan, Nig, Norman and Rossi [11], 2002; Procheska and DiClemente [12], 1983; Procheska, Butruth, Redding, Borden, Perrin, Low and Procheska [13], 2009). According to the results of the above studies and the importance of leisure time based on sports and physical activity, the cooperation of health and sports science experts should be emphasized and acted upon to provide effective programs to change the behavior of employees and promote healthy behaviors. Thurston[14], 2000). This model describes the dynamic nature of health behavior change such as exercise and shows that people often have to try several times to change behavior and before they succeed in performing a behavior (Marcus, Selby, Niaura and Rossi [15], 1992). In this model, it is assumed that people can be in different stages of preparation for change, and therefore, to change their behavior, they go through a set of stages that include five stages: pre-thinking or intention [16], thinking [17], preparation [18], action [19] and maintenance [20] (Procheska and Clemente, 1986). In this model, the stage before thinking and intention refers to the stage when a person has not yet thought about changing or adopting a behavior, at least for the next six months. In the contemplation and intention stage, the person is really thinking about changing the behavior - over the next six months - but is not yet fully prepared to take the necessary action. In the preparation stage, a person seriously thinks about a change in behavior and intends to make a change in the future - usually in the next month - and prepares the beginning of the behavior. The action stage is the stage when the person has made appropriate changes in his lifestyle during the last six months. Because performance is observable, behavior change is often used synonymously with performance. In the maintenance phase, we see a longer period of establishment and strength of behavior change - more than six months - but it requires active and conscious effort to maintain it (Procheska and Norcross [21], 2010).

  • Contents & References of The role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of South Pars Gas Complex Company

    List:

    Abstract 1

    Chapter One: Generalities of the research

    1-1-Introduction 3

    1-2-Statement of the problem 5

    1-3-Specific requirements for conducting the research 8

    1-4-Research objectives 10

    1-5-Research hypotheses 11

    1-6-Research scope 11

    1-7-Conceptual and operational definitions of research variables 11

    Chapter two: Research literature

    2-1-Productivity 14

    2-1-1-Productivity indices 17

    2-1-2-Productivity approaches 18

    2-1-2-1-Technical approach 19

    2-1-2-2-Cultural approach 19

    2-1-2-3-Achio approach or model 20

    2-1-2-4-Multifactor productivity approach 21

    2-1-3-Factors affecting productivity 21

    2-1-3-1-Internal factors 22

    2-1-3-2-External factors 24

    2-1-4-Effective factors in reducing productivity 25

    2-1-5-Methods to increase productivity 25

    2-2-History of oil and gas 27

    2-2-1- Definition Shift work in oil and gas companies 28

    2-2-2-reasons for shift work 29

    2-2-3-shift work 29

    2-2-4-effects of shift work 30

    2-3-leisure time based on physical activity 31

    2-4-research background 34

    2-4-1-Studies abroad 34

    2-4-2- Studies inside the country 37

    Chapter three: research method

    3-1-general research method 44

    3-2-statistical community and sample 44

    3-3-research measurement tools 45

    3-4-research implementation method 47

    3-5-Data analysis method 48

    Chapter four: Research findings

    4-1-Descriptive statistics 50

    4-2-Inferential statistics and hypothesis testing 53

    4-3-Examination of the main research hypotheses 57

    Chapter five: Discussion of results

    5-1-Discussion and conclusion 65

    5-2-Final conclusion 71

    5-3-Research limitations 71

    5-4-Research suggestions 72

    Sources

    Persian sources 75

    English sources 80

    Appendices

    A) Demographic questionnaire 85

    B) Sports behavior change questionnaire 85

    C) Productivity questionnaire 86

    English abstract 87

    Source:

    Persian sources

    Abkar, Alireza (1388). The position of physical activities in students' free time, Behavioral Sciences Quarterly, Volume 1, Number 1, 9-29.

    Abtahi, Seyyed Hossein, Kazemi Babak (2012). Productivity. Tehran, Business Studies and Research Institute.

    Ahmadi, Zulfiqar (2006). Sports and free time of students, Neshat and Sport, year 4, number 8, 7-16. Ahmadi, Fereydoun. Ziaei, Morteza. Sheikhi, Zainab (2019). Investigating the relationship between organizational justice and human resource productivity at the level of government organizations in Kurdistan province. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj branch.

    Azazi Bojunordi, Fariba Rams, Omid. Askari, Owais (1392). The experience and optimal function of implementing a sports program in improving productivity in an industrial factory. International Journal of Trade and Desirable Codes, No. 1, 1-8.

    Emami, Mahyar (2010). A short review on the history of oil production and the role of increased harvesting methods in increasing the final recovery rate of crude oil. Scientific-promotional monthly oil and gas exploration and production. No. 84, 28-26.

    Bahrami, Mohammad (2015). Human relations in the organization. automotive industry No. 103, 1-11.

    Prokpenko, Joseph (1987). Productivity and quality management, Haled II, translated by the group of translators (2010). Tehran.

    Piroi, Ali Akbar (1383). The effect of morning exercise on the morale and academic motivation of high school students in the 2nd education region of Tehran. Master thesis, University of Tehran. Haji Nabi, Kamran. Nasiripour, Amirashkan. Zahidkar, Parviz. Mehrabian, Fardin (2012). The relationship between nurses' work shifts and the productivity of human resources, nursing and midwifery in Jame Nagar (two chapters of Gilan province nursing and midwifery schools), volume 23, number 1, 7-12. Khardiar, Abuzar. Mostafavi, Fereshte (2013). Explaining the effective factors on improving the productivity of human resources in the satellite employees of South Pars Phase 19 Refinery. Conference on management, transformation and innovation in empowering management

    Khodaprast Shirazi, Mousavi, Jalil and Hakimipour, Nader (2008). A comparative study of the total productivity of production factors in large industries. Publications of Fars Province Management and Planning Organization Jalali Farahani, Majid (2007). Physical Education and Sports of the Disabled, Tehran, Research Institute of Physical Education of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology.Amirzadeh, Farid (1387). General occupational health. Shiraz, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Publications.

    Chobineh, Alireza. Sultanzadeh, Ahmed. Tabatabai, Seyyed Hamidreza. Jahangiri, Mehdi (2018). Comparison of health messages related to work novelty in two 12-hour satellite and 8-hour non-satellite systems in Iranian petrochemical industries. Health System Research Journal, year 7, number 6, 1003-1013.

    Razavi, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein. Poserkello, Azam (2012). How to spend leisure time of working women of Amol city with an emphasis on sports activities, Northern Journal of Sports Physiology and Management, Volume 1, Number 1, 23-38.

    Rahmani, Ahmed. Salehi, Javad. Azarshin, Maryam (1391). The role of intrinsic and Peyronian motivation in the tendency of adults to physical activity. Journal of Movement-Sports Development and Learning, Volume 3, Number 7, 57-79. Examining the attitude of managers and experts (educational, research, administrative-financial) of Shiraz University towards the factors affecting the productivity of experts. Master thesis of Shiraz University.

    Saatchi, Mahmoud (2010). Productivity psychology. Tehran, Editing Publishing Institute, 4th edition.

    Saatchi, Mahmoud (2008). Industrial and organizational psychology. Tehran, Publishing Institute, Ed. The effect of human resources in improving the productivity of organizations. Journal of Work and Society, No. 57, 36-30.

    Sabk Row, Mehdi. Wafai Yaganeh, Muhammad. Kashani, Saleh (1390). Employee productivity of insurance companies in the light of emotional intelligence and quality of work life, Insurance Industry Quarterly, year 25, number 1, 202-179.

    Sidi, Seyed Masoud. Akbari, Alireza (1388). Performance management and its impact on increasing the productivity of human resources, Yadman bimonthly, No. 53, 62-58.

    Syed Javadin, Seyed Reza. Attardi, Mohammad Reza (2004). Effective factors on increasing the productivity of knowledge-oriented employees of Iran's automotive industry. National Conference on Productivity and Development, Tabriz.

    Shaygan, Hamid Ramin (2009). The role of health in increasing the productivity of naval personnel. Abstract of the articles of the first national biennial conference on preventive medicine and marine health, Bandar Abbas, March 3-6.

    Qasmian, Farhanaz (2012). Swimming, exercise, health recreation. Preschool Education Development Journal, Volume 13, Number 4, 44-38.

    Sabri Kakhki, Alireza.(2009). The effect of physical activity on performance during double work and distraction. Research in Sports Sciences, Volume 1, Number 2, 113-131.

    Kazemi, Seyyed Abbas (2011). Productivity and its analysis in organizations. Tehran, organization for the study and compilation of humanities books (Samt). Investigating the relationship between employees' work life and their productivity in education and training in Tehran, master's thesis. Rudhan Azad University.

    Keshkar, Sara (2016). Analysis of inhibiting factors of women participating in recreational sports activities in Tehran, doctoral thesis, Tarbiat Modares University.

    Moradianzadeh, Mohammad. Investigating the family problems of employees working in the satellite work program, online journal of social sciences, new chapter, year 4, number 53, 3-1. Verdipour Hamid, Moghim Beigi Abbas, Mohammad Fam Iraj (1389). The effect of training based on the "stages of change" model on promoting physical activity and increasing physical strength. Journal of Military Medicine, Volume 12, Number 3, 130-123.

    Momeni, Solmaz. Sheikh, Mahmoud. Iqbali, Beheshte (1390). The relationship between physical activity and job performance and self-efficacy of female nurses in public hospitals in Tehran, the 6th National Conference of Physical Education and Sports Science Students of Iran.

    Henri, Habib. Kuze Chian, Hashem. Rezaiyan, Ali. Ehsani, Mohammad (1385). The relationship between motivation and productivity of human resources in the physical education organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Movement, No. 27, 54-45.

    Nasrullah Pour, Mojtabi (2004). Investigating factors affecting the productivity of human resources. Tadbir magazine No. 157.

    Yacoubi, Noor Mohammad. Moghadami, Majid. Kikha, Alame (1389). Investigating the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior of employees. Change Management Journal, Year 2, Number 4, 64-96.

    English sources

    Acton, T & Golden, W. (2003). Training the knowledge worker: a descriptive study of training practices in Irish software companies, Journal of Urinal of European Industrial Training, 24(2), 137-146.

    Bernaards, Claire M, Proper, Karin I, & Hildebrandt, Vincent H (2007)

The role of leisure time based on physical activity in the productivity of employees of South Pars Gas Complex Company
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