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  3. Comparison of aerobic exercises with diet on body composition of inactive obese women

Comparison of aerobic exercises with diet on body composition of inactive obese women

Number of pages: 49 File Format: word File Code: 31615
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Physical Education - Sports
Tags/Keywords: aerobic activity - Aerobic exercise - aerobics - Body composition - body fat - Body fat mass - diet - Food control - Inactive obese women - Lean muscle mass - obesity - Sports exercises
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  • Summary of Comparison of aerobic exercises with diet on body composition of inactive obese women

    Dissertation for receiving a master's degree in the field of physical education and sports sciences, majoring in exercise physiology

    Abstract

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of diet and aerobic exercises on the body composition of inactive obese women. The statistical sample of this research includes 45 people. The women of the experimental group were randomly divided into 3 control groups (who had only diet), brisk walking and aerobics with diet.

    Variables of body composition (including: fat mass, lean muscle mass, body mass index and body weight) were taken before the exercise program, and then at the end of the exercise period, a post-test was taken under the same conditions. The walking and aerobics group practiced 3 sessions a week and each session lasted for 30 minutes.

    In order to analyze the data, according to the comparison of three methods in reducing body fat, the one-way ANOVA statistical method was used, and also post hoc tests were used due to the significance of the ANOVA test. The group had a decrease in body fat mass during the period, but the effect of these 3 programs was different from each other. Aerobic training group and brisk walking had a greater reduction in body fat mass than the control group. In addition to having the greatest reduction in fat mass, the aerobic exercise group also showed an increase in muscle percentage, while it decreased in the other groups. As a result, doing aerobic exercise along with diet seems to be very efficient.

    Key words: body fat mass, lean muscle mass, food control and aerobic activity.

    Chapter One: Research Overview

    Overweight and obesity is the fifth cause of death in the world and has been known for about a decade. The time has passed since it was included in the list of chronic diseases by the World Health Organization (WHO[1]).

    According to the definition of the World Health Organization, overweight and obesity are known as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat in the body that impairs a person's health.

    In order to classify obesity, an index called BMI[2] or body mass index is used, which is divided by the number Weight (kilograms) is obtained by the square of the number of height (meters). Based on this definition, scientists define a BMI between 25 and 29.9 as overweight and a BMI greater than 30 as obese.

    Heart diseases, high blood fat, diabetes, arthritis, mental disorders, sleep problems, digestive diseases, gout, gall bladder diseases, cancer, high blood pressure, stroke and many other problems are all risks that an obese person may experience.

    In addition to the physical consequences of obesity and overweight, mental and emotional problems also affect the lives of the mentioned persons. Embarrassment of a disproportionate appearance, feeling powerless, low self-confidence and many other things all have a long-term negative effect on the morale of a fat person.

    According to the World Health Organization, the number of overweight and obese people in the world has exceeded one billion and will reach 1.5 billion by 2015. This disease is progressing and developing rapidly in the world.

    Also, according to the report of Iran's Endocrine and Metabolism Research Institute in 1992, a third of the country's population, equivalent to 25 million people, are overweight or obese, of which 43% are men and 57% are women. The prevalence of obesity has increased from 10% to 70% in the past 50 years, so overweight and obesity used to be exclusive to developed countries, but in the past decade, due to the problems of nutritional transition, it has also been seen in developing countries, including Iran. percent.

    The continuation of this problem will cause irreparable damage to the world community and will affect many daily affairs.

    Therefore, the need to use an appropriate and efficient method to curb obesity is very necessary and important, and this is where this issue should be investigated and scientifically researched, and in today's world and in the current situation, extensive measures should be taken to solve this problem.

    Obviously, this disease is both preventable and curable. According to studies and experiments, it seems that the best way to reduce body fat is to combine diet and exercise.

    Exercise is a science that deals with the scientific and specialized issues of sports, and the purpose of this science is that sports enthusiasts can find out all the issues related to sports science and apply it in order to be less injured and also increase their skills in every sport through sports science. (Farahani, 1371)

    Aerobic activities are activities of moderate intensity and relatively long duration that activate large muscle groups, and their execution depends on the presence and consumption of oxygen by the muscles of the body, because the energy required to perform these types of activities is mainly or entirely supplied through the aerobic system. (Agha Alinejad et al., 2011)

    Aerobic apparatus is a set of metabolic processes inside the body that provide the energy needed by the body by breaking down carbohydrates and fats in the presence of breathing oxygen. (Aga Alinejad et al., 2013)

    Aerobic fitness is the maximum ability of the lungs, heart and blood vessels to absorb and transfer oxygen to the muscles and then the muscles consume as much of this oxygen as possible. (Agha Alinejad et al., 2013)

    Aerobic exercise (aerobic exercise) is an exercise using aerobic activities that increases the efficiency of the aerobic system and ultimately increases aerobic fitness. (Agha Alinejad et al., 2011)

    Many researches have been done on sports. Probably, exercise will make you sleep better and more comfortably, age later and prevent premature death, keep your joints, bones and muscles healthier, strengthen your body's defense system, make your memory stronger, increase self-confidence, increase your energy and endurance, reduce nervous pressure, depression and anxiety and can reduce the incidence of many diseases. Experience has shown that people who have been able to exercise and Physical activity, a more beautiful and healthy body, are more successful in their social relations. Today, sports are one of the things that are discussed in different ways in the world.

    Many sports ministries and departments have been established and a lot of expenses are spent on sports, building stadiums, complexes and sports clubs, as well as providing sports equipment and clothes or watching sports competitions. Significant parts of television programs, radio, magazines and other mass media are dedicated to sports and sports news, and in summary, sports is one of the things that is seriously discussed in the world and is important in many ways. This issue made the people of the society tend to become sensitive to the various effects of physical activities and try to develop their knowledge and information.

    However, among the huge number of sports and diet programs recommended by experts in physical education, sports physiology and nutrition, many differences of opinion have been seen (even the basic definitions related to sports, physical fitness and wellness are always discussed and disputed). On the other hand, the dissatisfaction of the applicant for various reasons (including the high amount of suggested exercise, difficult diet, high costs of some sports, etc.) can cause him to leave the sports program.

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Comparison of aerobic exercises with diet on body composition of inactive obese women
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