Dissertation for Master's degree (M-A)
Abstract
Since popular culture and literature are the permanent heritage of our country's past, it should be identified and preserved in various dimensions. The purpose of this research is to investigate the local culture, customs and traditions of Qalaganj city, because the cultural and historical identity of peoples and nations is one of the lasting scientific indicators. Addressing it is one of the necessities of every society. For this purpose, hypotheses such as the role of cultural changes and developments in the society on the culture and customs of Qalaganj city, as well as the role of new social changes on the behavior, appearance, local poems and proverbs, customs and oral literature of Qalaganj city, have been taken into consideration. which has been collected by the field method, the information is one of the most important findings of the present research of the culture and customs of the city of Qalaganj, which in addition to independence, interaction with other cultures is also one of its special features, and the most important result is the originality of the culture, customs and customs of the city of Qalaganj and the strengthening of the behavior, speech, and way of life of the people of this land.
Key words: customs, customs, history of Qalaganj, oral literature, beliefs Beliefs and Culture
Introduction
The human mind always seeks to understand how human culture and civilization was found and evolved, why human culture and customs of nations are different. Culture and customs express the way of life of humans and clarify the details of their social and cultural life for us.
Any society that synchronizes traditional culture and customs with modern elements can advance the infrastructure of its society in accordance with the goals of comprehensive development at various economic-social-political and cultural levels. It can be said with certainty that societies that share cultural homogeneity achieve unity, solidarity and national harmony. The people of Qalaganj region have achieved a common identity based on race-culture-ethnicity and religious beliefs, and the political system has become stable in this region, and this stability and cultural harmony will lead to national development. If there is cultural inconsistency in the developing society, that society will face a problem in providing the basic needs and it will cause a cultural gap between those nations. And it will lead to national cultural weakness and cultural self-defeat. Therefore, the best way to promote culture is to use traditional and modern culture and religious beliefs to advance and improve life. The culture and customs of the past express their experience and way of life throughout history. Regarding the culture, customs and dialect of the people, what attracts the most attention and is actually a symbol of the character traits of the people of Qalaganj region is the simplicity, purity and purity of the people of this region, people who have learned one color from their ancestors and patience, stability and resistance from their treacherous nature. Old hearts are closed.
This collection as the culture and customs of Qalaganj region consists of five chapters:
Chapter one: general research, statement of the problem
Chapter two: research background, historical background, name of Qalaganj, clans
Chapter four: findings The research consists of three parts:
The first part: culture and customs, birth, death, marriage, traditional games, mourning, beliefs, traditional foods
The second part: oral literature including stories, stories, proverbs, lullabies, women's laments, couplets, poems, biographies of poets.
The third part: including dialectology, Nahli words and terms
Chapter five: Conclusion
Chapter one
General research
Statement of the problem
Humans have passed from savagery to civility, constantly inventing rules of behavior and performing new actions to make the problem, form and content of life more pleasant, more comfortable and more civilized, and prosperity, hope and happiness in individual life. and add a group. Sometimes following the social and political changes in the societies and in order to solve the existing defects and the emergence of better conditions or other conditions in the society scene, theories have been presented by the theorists and it has been considered a new and modern ritual. rtl;">From the beginning of human settlement and conceptology and knowledge of words and speech to the invention of handwriting and writing, what has been formed in human civilization, which was a new and modern day, is meant by the name of traditions. Because what is called modernism today. In the near future, the tradition will be defined. Now every nation has special traditions and exclusive to its nationality due to environmental changes, living conditions - social developments and special cultural people. It is even possible that behavior or deed or art that happens in a land called modernity. In another land and for another people, it has joined the traditions, for example, the art of wood sculpture in Africa was considered an old and traditional art. It was brought up by Picasso, the famous painter of today's Europe, under the name of Kobim painting (under the influence of sculpture in Europe) and it emerged after other literary and artistic styles.
Traditions in general human societies sometimes have commonalities due to the exchange of cultures between different nations and derived from the sensory commonalities of humans, which is more expressed in myths. For example, the heel of the Greek Achilles, who was on the body, and the eyes of the Iranian Esfandiar, who was also on the body, but both were from places exposed to stings and were targeted and killed from the same places.
Or the legend of Khizr and the water of life, and Alexander of Macedonia, who was also looking for the water of life, or the legend of the front moon, which was renamed Cinderella in Europe, or the legend of the sugar goat, which in Europe was also It is narrated in different ways that it is one of the sensory and cultural commonalities of all nations.
In a land where all the customs and traditions are common, there are subsets that are exclusive to certain ethnicities and are defined as sub-traditions, and their observance is as necessary as the law, custom and religion, so that in sociology, a normal person is a person who observes the law of custom-religion, customs and traditions, and an abnormal person is a person who does not observe one of these four things. Sarbaz Zinda Now we are going to examine one of the traditional subgroups of Iran, which has the area of ??Qalaganj city up to Kahnuj under its control.
Qalganj city due to special climatic and geographical conditions and the invasion of ethnic groups, the influence of the culture of the insider or the invader in the formation of early human civilizations has its own unique customs and traditions, which in some cases due to the proximity of the distance, common government, the common language shared by the valleys with the rest of the people in the south have some commonalities that will be investigated. We see that the subsets of this culture, which are its customs, have built a violent literature under the harsh social conditions and environment, whose language is mostly war and struggle, and its reflection is sadness. recognize and keep them from different aspects. The aim of this research is the study of culture and customs of Qalaganj city. Because historical and cultural nature of nations and people is one of the permanent scientific elements of a society and paying attention to it is necessary for every society. By this in mind.