Manifestations of didactic literature in Sana'i Ghaznavi poetry

Dissertation for receiving the degree of Master's degree

Abstract:

In this thesis, the didactic poems of Sanai have been identified and the intellectual trajectory and thought of Hakim Sanai have been determined, and we know that a huge volume of his divan poems are made up of praises. Today, except in terms of the history of the language and martyrdom materials for writing vast collections of the Persian language, it can be of little value. (Praise) It is clear that he was no different from other court poets of the era before reaching his spiritual mood. And what is certain is that Sanai has two different hemispheres, dark and light. Did he keep these two hemispheres for the rest of his life? Or with the emergence of that bright hemisphere, it has abandoned that dark hemisphere. And we know that Sanai is a prominent representative of a type of ode in Persian language. It should be read as an ode criticizing society, asceticism, mysticism, and ethics. And in this field, none of the great masters of odes come close to him, while each of them may have one or two odes in this world that are somewhat close to his odes. As we can see, Sanayi's odes are not without repetition of the theme. And we can accept his excuse better when we know that he lived in a closed and unchanging world and had more or less the same color all the days of his life. However, he has tried to hide the repetitiveness of some thoughts through the construction and form of the poems and the way of expression and speech style, and this is a great success. And in this dissertation, the purpose of bringing the educational poems of Divan Qasayed Sanai is to reach young people who love Persian literature. And put these educational poems, which are lessons in life and ethics, on their work board. And to some extent, we can provide them with the information they need in understanding Sanai's poetry.

Key words:

Ghaznavi Sanai, 6th century poetry, didactic literature, morals, asceticism, advice and advice

Introduction:

In the history of Persian literature, when we say: ((previous poem) From the narration and poetry after the narration)) the familiar reader feels a great difference between these two stages. None of the peaks of Persian poetry, even Saadi, Hafez and Molavi, have created such a period in the history of Persian poetry; Even though they were the composers of the most prominent works of Persian literature. This epoch-making feature in the work of Hakim Sanai is of special importance for historians of mysticism and poetry. Hadiqeh Sanai is the beginning of a type of poetry, and his poems are also the beginning of another type, and his sonnets also have a distinct atmosphere from his previous sonnets.

It is rare to find a poet who can be considered as a "beginning" and "an era maker" in several poetic fields. If we see that Jalal al-Din Maulvi mentions Hakim Ghaznavi with such admiration and respect, it is a duty to pay tribute to him and it is not in any way a common compliment among the ancients. In particular, getting to know him is the gateway to getting to know Maulavi, Attar, Hafez and many other Persian literary greats, and reflecting on his poetry introduces us to the evolution of several types of Persian poetry. And almost all of Sanai's masterpieces are in his poems, and all kinds of meanings and themes can be found, from criticizing the work of religious scholars and hypocritical ascetics to criticizing Sufi shopkeepers, to thieves in the market, to thieves in scales, to kings, ministers, soldiers, and all the elements of society. Even in the periods of disintegration and decentralization of governments, there are few poets who have criticized these issues more courageously than him, especially because he presented these social and political criticisms with a hard and firm language and a sober and attractive style - which is an excellent example of poetry and the type of ode in the history of our literature - and has made a mirror in which not only the society of his time can be seen, but all periods of our social history can be seen in it. Poetry, true poetry, can be nothing but this. And especially the spread and influence of Sanai's poetry from the time of his life until today, it has been a surprising publication. When Sanai was in his last years, his poetry was spread throughout the territory of the Persian language, from Aleppo to Kashgar, in mosques, monasteries, and taverns.

And in particular, the spread and influence of Sana'i's poetry from the time of his life until today, has been a surprising publication. When Sana'i was in his last years, his poetry was spread throughout the territory of the Persian language, from Aleppo to Kashgar, in mosques, monasteries, and taverns, and wherever he went, he saw that his poetry had gone there before him. First

Generalities of the research

Chapter one: Generalities of the research

1-1 Statement of the problem:

Among the four types of literature, didactic literature is older than other types, along with lyrical literature. In fact, it can be said that the origin of these two types of literature, especially didactic literature, goes back to the origin of Persian poetry and official literature.

Educational poetry is a poem whose purpose is education, science, ethics, and art. That is, the truth is goodness and beauty. In our past works, educational literature has various names such as asceticism, research, advice, wisdom, preaching, and teaching. has been used Some have divided didactic poetry into moral, religious, political, philosophical, political and scientific poetry. Didactic poetry in ancient times mostly included moral, religious and mystical poems. But after the constitutional revolution, it has included political, social and even psychological issues.

Sanai Ghaznavi, who is mentioned as one of the trend-setting poets and master of style in the history of Persian literature, belongs to the group of poets who used his poetry and thought to serve the aforementioned topics. That is, it expresses both moral, religious and mystical issues and is strongly involved in political and social issues.

At the same time, topics such as asceticism, research, wisdom, advice and preaching can be seen on a wide level in his poems. It goes without saying that Sanai's position in expressing such axes is often a critical one.

He without any fear or fear criticizes many groups of Iranian society of that era, from the highest social and religious classes to the lowest classes.

2-1 Research Background:

Many books have been written about Sanai, including the lashings of Mohammad Shafiei Kodkani. Hadiqa al-Haqiqa and al-Tariq al-Tahaqiq Mohammad Roshan-Syed Mohammad Taghi, a Razavi-Shourideh teacher in Ghazna, Dr. Mahmoud Fatuhi, and many other articles and works written about the life of Hakim Sanai, but in the valuable work of Hakim Sanai Ghaznavi, there has not been any research and investigation about the problem of educational literature as it should and maybe. 3-1 Method of work:

A) Type of research method:

Descriptive-analytical method has been used in this research.

B) Information collection method: (field, library, etc.)

In this research, the library method will be used to collect information, and in some cases, if necessary, we will also use the field method in the form of asking opinions from technical professors.

C) Information collection tool, (Questionnaire, interview, observation, fish test, table, sampling, laboratory equipment, databases, computer and satellite networks)

d) Information analysis method:

In the analysis of information, we will mostly use the inductive method, which means drawing conclusions from part to whole.

4-1 Research objectives:

1- Brief introduction of the sixth century poetry and its general features.

2-Presenting a clear picture of the literary position of Sanai in Persian poetry.

3-Explaining the reasons for the importance of Sanai in Persian poetry.

4-Explaining the various effects of didactic politeness in Sanai poetry.

5-1 The innovation aspect of the work:

By referring to research sources in libraries and end bibliographies of published works, also by referring to the site reliable ones, no research has been done with this title so far. Although books and articles related to Irfan Sanai have been published scatteredly. Today, except in discussions on the language and culture of suicide for the vast Persian language writing, the less it can be worth.

And of the odes (praise) it becomes clear that he had before his mental weather, the evening was not different from the other court poet.

What is certain is that sanai has two different hemispheres Twilight.

Do the two hemispheres have maintained a lifetime.