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  3. A comparative study of wisdom in the poetry of Maulana and Motanbi

A comparative study of wisdom in the poetry of Maulana and Motanbi

Number of pages: 134 File Format: word File Code: 31554
Year: 2012 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Literature - Persian Language
Tags/Keywords: Comparative literature - Comparative study - Diwan Mantabi - Judgment poems - literature - Maulana - Spiritual masnavi - text - wisdom - Wise poems
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  • Summary of A comparative study of wisdom in the poetry of Maulana and Motanbi

    Abstract

    With the literary connection of other nations, the efficiency and artistic-cultural and literary power of the national literature increases, comparative literature gives people the motivation and ability to understand words and the inner meaning of words in another language. In literature, the subject of wisdom and everything related to reason, rationalism, and ethics can be expressed with the beautiful and literary language of poetry. The themes of the poems of these two poets are wisdom, mostly around death, patience, reason, consultation, ancestry, justice, deception of the world, goodness and so on.

        There are important common features in the ideology and poems of these two poets, in ways that if we examine their works, it can be said that according to the theory of some researchers, Jalaluddin Muhammad Balkhi was influenced by the thought and poetry of Abul Taib, and became fascinated and attached to him, in ways that in some of his works and verses, Rumi brought or guaranteed and adapted the same text of the narrator.

        Sometimes the poems of these two sages as proverbs have been common among people since long ago. These two poets knew the horizon of their position in thinking and reaching the dignity of the self. In their day and age, when nothing was seen or heard of religion except its name, they saved themselves from the mire of the world and brought the principle of religion, honor, and greatness to its peak and perfection in the form of wise Arabic and Persian poetry as well as parables.

    Examining the wisdom of these two renowned poets shows the existence of common wisdom themes between Abul al-Taib and Jalal al-Din. One of the topics that brings the mind and language of two poets together is the boiling wisdom and proverbs of these two poets.

    By studying their literary works, it can be seen that in some of these examples of wisdom or parables, they were inspired by religious sources such as the Holy Quran and the hadiths of the infallibles (PBUH); Because these two great poets and sages are hard-wired for Islamic heritage and religious rules; Therefore, many of their poetic and wise elements have been borrowed from the divine word and Islamic sources. But the common themes of the poetry of these two Arabic and Persian writers made us to get more familiar with the wise concepts of these two sages and to examine the wisdom of these two poets in a comparative manner, to apply it in our life path and to set it as our example. Matnabi, Molana

    Introduction

    In this essay, which compares the wise poems of Abu al-Tayeb and Jalaluddin Muhammad Balkhi, most of the work will be done on Matnabi's Diwan and Ma'snavi Mawani; Of course, Maulawi's other works are also used in selected and brief form for better familiarization, and the attempt is to prove the influence of Rumi from the great Arab poet Anas and his fascination with Mantabi, and also to make a comparison of the edicts of these two poets by bringing common examples.

    Considering the value and place that wisdom has in the guidance and perfection of man, wise poets such as Mantabi and Rumi have themes of wisdom and They used a variety of similes in their poems and by taking inspiration and inspiration from religious sources such as the Holy Quran and the sayings of the Innocents (PBUH), they wanted to admonish the people and their self-respect, so that these wise poems sometimes became proverbs among the people.

    The importance of research

    Arabic and Persian literature From the past until now, it has had deep cultural, social, scientific and human relations and interactions, and one of the necessities of literature in any country is the expansion of comparative literature.

    Water is placed in related containers on the same level, what has happened in Arab poetry in this hundred years has also happened in Persian poetry, with slight differences arising from the different conditions of the cultures and life structures of these two peoples. (Ref.K: Shafi'i Kodkani, 1380: 15)

    1- Getting to know the literature of other countries and comparing it with the literature of one's own country leads to the expansion of understanding and the closeness of ideas and the reduction of blind prejudices towards the literature of one's own country

    2- Comparative literature is a precise balance with which one can reveal the position of one's national literature and understand its strengths and weaknesses and improve It tried to make this literature alive and moving. (Ref: Mohseninia, 1389: 82)

    Research Hypotheses

    1- The common themes of wisdom in Motanbi and Rumi's poems can be examined.

    2- Both poets have used religious sources in their poems.

    3- The effect of Motanbi's poems on the works of Rumi can be seen.

    Research Objectives

    1- This essay aims to examine the joint poems of Motanbi and Maulvi from the two lands of Arabia and Persia, which have the flavor of wisdom and sometimes parables, and to show their similarities and differences with wise concepts and the context In order to familiarize as many people as possible with the content of rulings and its sub-branches, that is; To prepare wisdom, reason and moral virtues. 

    2- Examining the thoughts of Abu al-Tayeb and Rumi as one of the representatives of Arab and Persian poetry and also as poets born from the hearts of the people and familiar with the pains and ideals of the people of their time and the need of these people for wisdom, wisdom and proverbs to achieve greatness and honor. Rumi.

    4- Examining which one of the two poets was influenced by the other.

    Research background

    Separate researches have been done about Abul Tayeb and Jalaluddin in the form of a thesis and an article. Monetbi's poems have been the focus and model of many writers and writers since the beginning, and we see the influence of Monetbi's thoughts in the works of many poets.

    Monetbi has a special place among Persian-speaking poets and writers There have been many researches and studies about the influence of Motanbi in Persian literature, and a few examples of these studies can be mentioned:

    1- The book "Motanbi and Saadi" written by Hossein Ali Mahfouz

    2- The final paper "Review and comparative analysis of wisdom in the poetry of Motanbi and Ahmad Shoghi" written by Mohammad Guderzi

    3- Final paper "A Comparative Study of Rationalism in the Poems of Motanbi and Nasser Khosrow" written by Zahra Ahmadlou

    4- The article "Maulvi and Motanbi" written by Seyed Mohammad Reza Ibn Al-Rasoul, Assistant Professor of Isfahan University

    5- The article "Common Concepts of Motanbi and Ferdowsi" written by Vahid Sabzianpour, Assistant Professor of Language and Literature at Razi University

      There have not been many researches about the influence of Rumi from Motanbi, however, it is possible to find things in Moulana's works that correspond to Motanbi's poetic themes; Of course, it should be said that in the article "Maulvi and Monetbi" the influence of Rumi on Monetbi has been briefly examined.

  • Contents & References of A comparative study of wisdom in the poetry of Maulana and Motanbi

    List:

    Introduction.. 1

    The importance of research. 1. Research hypotheses. 1

    Research objectives. 1

    Research background. 2

    The reasons for choosing two poets. 2

    Research questions. 3

    Research method.. 3

    Chapter one: comparative literature

    Comparative literature.. 6

    Definition of comparative literature.. 6

    Comparative research background. 7

    The importance of comparative literature.. 8

    Comparative literature and the Arab world. 10

    Comparative studies in the Arabic language. 11

    Comparative literature in Iran.. 11

    Conclusion.. 13

    Chapter Two: Wisdom

    Wisdom.. 15

    Wisdom in words.. 15

    Wisdom in ancient Greece.. 15

    Wisdom in the Quran.. 15

    Theoretical wisdom and practical wisdom. 16

    Wisdom in Arabic literature.. 17

    Wisdom in Persian literature.. 18

    Conclusion.. 19

    Chapter 3: Narrative of Motanbi and Rumi

    Motanbi's biography.. 21

    The initial period of Motanbi's life.. 21

    The second period of Motanbi's life.. 23

    The third period of Motanbi's life.. 23

    The fourth period of Motanbi's life.. 24

    The honor and dignity of Motanbi.. 24

    The literary value of Motanbi's poetry.. 27

    The high wisdom of Motanbi.. 28

    Motanbi's influence on Persian literature. 29

    The story of Molana.. 31

    Meeting with Shams.. 31

    Death of Molana.. 32

    Works of Molana.. 32

    Commentary on the Masnavi of Molana.. 33

    Literary status of Molana.. 34

    Wisdom-Aql and Molana.. 35

    Result.. 37

    Chapter 4: Influence of Rumi from Motanbi

    Ans and attention of Moulana to Motanbi's poems. 39

    Motanbi's traces in Rumi's works.. 40

    First.. 40

    Second.. 41

    Third.. 41

    Fourth.. 42

    Fifth.. 42

    Sixth.. 43

    Seventh.. 43

    The eighth.. 44

    The ninth.. 44

    The tenth.. 45

    The eleventh.. 45

    The twelfth..

    Sixteenth.. 47        

    Conclusion.. 49

    Chapter 5: Comparative study of the wise concepts of Motanbi and Rumi

    Wise concepts .. 51             

    Proverbs with a common theme in Motanbi and Rumi's poems. 51

    Textual poetry and wise concepts. 52

    Molan's poetry and wise concepts. 52

    1- Life and the world from Mantabi's worldview. 53

    1- Life and the world from Rumi's worldview. 59

    2- Origin and descent from Muntabi worldview. 61         

    2- Origin and descent from Mantabi worldview. 62

    3- The virtue of science and knowledge from the prophetic worldview. 62

    3-The virtue of science and knowledge from Rumi's worldview. 63

    4- Intellect and wisdom from Mantabi's worldview. 63

    4- Intellect and wisdom from Rumi's worldview. 65

    5- Ignorance and ignorance of the worldview of the narrator. 66

    5- Ignorance of Rumi's worldview. 67

    6- Suffering and trying to reach the treasure and lofty ideals of Monetbi's worldview. 68

    6- Suffering and trying to reach the treasure and lofty ideals of Rumi's worldview. 69

    7-Patience and tolerance from the prophetic worldview. 69

    7-Patience and tolerance from Rumi's worldview. 70

    8- Goodness and mercy from within hardships from the prophetic worldview. 72

    8- Goodness and mercy from inside hardships from Rumi's worldview. 72

    9-Ihsan Vaniki from Jahanbini Mantabi. 72

    9-Ihsan Vaniki of Rumi's Jahanbini. 74

    10-Forgiveness and eternal grace from the prophet's worldview. 75

    10-Forgiveness and kindness from Rumi's worldview. 75        

    11-Advice from Jahanbini Mantabi. 75

    11- Advice from Rumi's worldview. 76

    12-A smile that initiates an enemy from Monetbi's worldview. 76

    12- A smile that initiates enmity from Rumi's worldview. 76

    13-Justice and fairness from Muntabi's worldview. 77

    13- Justice and fairness from Rumi's worldview. 77

    14-Moderation and neutrality from Monetbi's worldview. 78

    14-moderation and moderation from Rumi's worldview. 78

    15-Doing the work in the best way from the worldview of Mantabi. 79

    15- Doing work in the best way from Rumi's worldview. 79

    16- Repentance and regret for mistakes from Monetbi's worldview. 79

    16- Repentance and regret for mistakes from worldview79

    16- Repentance and regret for mistakes from Rumi's worldview. 80

    17- Gravity and tendency towards one's own sex from Monetbi's worldview. 81

    17- Gravity and tendency towards one's own gender from Rumi's worldview. 81

    18- The identification of everything by its opposite from the worldview of Mantabi. 82

    18- Everything is defined by its opposite from Rumi's worldview. 82

    19- The supremacy of the secondary over the original from the worldview of Motanbi. 83

    19- The supremacy of the secondary over the original from Rumi's worldview. 83

    20-The nature and interiority of Mantabi's worldview. 84

    20-The nature and interiority of Rumi's worldview. 85

    21-Akkel and Makool from Muntabi's worldview. 85

    21-Akkel and Makool from Rumi's worldview. 86

    22- The character of a noble and humble human being from the prophetic worldview. 87

    22-The character of a noble and humble human being from Rumi's worldview. 87

    23-The value and anti-value of speaking from the prophetic worldview. 88

    23-The value and the anti-value of talking about Rumi's worldview. 88

    24- Good memory of Mantabi's worldview. 89

    24- Good memory of Rumi's worldview. 90

    25- Love from Mantabi's worldview. 90

    25-Love from Rumi's worldview. 90

    26- Death from Muntabi's worldview. 91

    26-Death from Rumi's worldview. 92

    Result. 94

    Summary of the message. 97

    List of sources. 105

    English abstract. 113

     

    Source:

    - Quran

    2- Nahjal Balagha

    3- Ebrahimi Dinani, Gholamhossein, (1385), Parto Khord, Tehran, Mehr Nyusha Publications, first edition.

    4- Ibnenni, Abolfath Othman, (2004), Commentary on Diwan al-Mutanbi al-Masmi, research and presentation Reza Rajab, Damascus, Daralin Nabiyyah, Khamsa al-Maghlat, first edition.

    5- Ibn Khalkan, Abu al-Abbas Shams al-Din Ahmad ibn Muhammad, (1984), Deaths of the Aayyan and Anba’ of the sons of al-Zaman, investigation and suspension of Muhammad Yahya al-Din Abd al-Hamid, Al-Cairo, Maktaba al-Nahda al-Masriya, Thamaniyyah al-Maghlat, first edition.

    6- Ibn Rashiq al-Qirwani, Abu Ali Al-Hassan, (2001), Al-Umda fi Muhasan al-Shaar wa Adabah wa Naqdeh, Beirut, Dar wa Maktaba al-Hilal, Volumes 1 and 2, first edition.

    7- Istilami, Mohammad, (1362), Text and Annotations of Jalal al-Din Mohammad Balkhi’s Mathnawi, Tehran, Zovar Publications, Volume 3.

    8- Eskanderfar, Negar, (1382), World Seminar of Fiction Literature and Dialogue of Cultures, Tehran, Farkhangar-Karnameh Publications, first edition. 9- Eslami Nadushan, Mohammad Ali, (1383), From Rudaki to Bahar, Tehran, Naghmahi Zendigh Publications, first edition. 10- Plato, (1349), collection of Plato's works (The Banquet Treatise), translated by Mohammad Hassan Lotfi and Reza Kaviani, Ibnsina Publications.

    11- Aflaki, Ahmed bin Akhi Natour, (1961), Manaqbal-Arifin, Ankara, Turkish History Association, Vol. 1 and 2.

    12- Bahrul Uloom, Muhammad bin Muhammad, (1384), Commentary on the Masnavi, Iqbal Publications, 1st edition.

    13- Al-Badiyi, Yusuf, (Lata), Al-Sabah Al-Munbi on Haytiyah al-Mutanbi, Damascus, Arafa School, La Taba. .

    14- Brown, Edward, (1335), Literary history of Iran, translated and edited by Ali Pasha Saleh, vol. 2, second edition.

    15- Al-Barguqi, Abdurrahman, (2007), Commentary on Diwan al-Mutanbi, research by Omar Farooq, published and annotated, Beirut, Dar al-Arqam, Majdalan, second edition.

    16- Al-Bustani, Batras, (1986), Al-Arab Literature in the Al-Abasi Era, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, 6th edition.

    17- Al-Baghdadi, Abd al-Qadir bin Omar, (Lata), Khazane al-Adab wa Labba Labab of the Language of the Arabs, Beirut, Dar al-Sadr, four volumes, first edition.

    18- Balashir, Rabjis, (1975), Abu al-Tayeb al-Mutanbi, translated by Ibrahim Gilani, Damascus, Manifestos of the Ministry of Culture, La Taba. 19- Balkhi, Bahauddin Bin Molana, (Bita), with an introduction and correction by Jalaluddin Humai, Iqbal Publications. 20- Tarabi, Seyyed Mohammad (1382), A Look at the History and Literature of Iran, Tehran, Qaqnos Publications, 1st Edition. The virtues of Ahl al-Asr, the useful commentary and research of Muhammad Qaima, Beirut, Dar al-Kitab al-Alammiya, Arba al-Maghlat, first edition. 22- Al-Jarjani, Ali ibn Abdul Aziz, (1951), Mediation between al-Mutanbi and Khusuma, research and commentary by Muhammad Abulfazl Ibrahim and Ali Muhammad al-Bajari, Cairo, Dar al-Ihaya al-Kitab al-Arabiyya, third edition. 23- Jafari, Mohammad Taqi, (1363), commentary and criticism of Jalaluddin Mohammad Balkhi's Masnavi, Islamic Publications, vol.9, 10th edition.

A comparative study of wisdom in the poetry of Maulana and Motanbi
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