Dissertation for M.A
Foreword
This research titled "Analysis and investigation of the silent verse in Rumi's court" has been compiled and compiled in five chapters. The first chapter includes introductory parts that are common to all theses apart from the topic.
The second chapter includes the political and social situation of Iran in the era of Baha'uld, and since the situation of the past period and era can be influential in the events of this era and the lives of Baha'uld and Maulvi, therefore, it is first examined the political and social situation of Abran in the era of Seljuk and then in the reign of the Khwarizmshahs. The fourth and fifth parts of this chapter are devoted to the study of Baha Wold's life, the causes of his family's migration until settling in Konya, the life of Molavi, his meeting with Shams, and other matters until the end of Molavi's life. In the fourth chapter, the various concepts of the word "silence" are presented with reference to its various interpretations, common symbols and depictions, contradictory famous views, factors of attention to the approach of silence, including: the disadvantages of speech, social causes, virtues and characteristics of silence, and finally the results of it are given. and suggestions have been made.
Abstract
Since a significant part of our literary works are mystical texts; And due to the fact that mysticism has a special language, the understanding of this language depends on the discovery and inference of its special terms, so it is necessary and necessary to examine words that have a symbolic meaning in mystical works in the form of literary works and arrays. In the form of literary spiritual industry (purity) it has also been examined to perform this task well. with the difference that in this context, like in other cases, Molavi has innovated in the sonnet and placed his purity as a symbol and interpretation; Not in the same word.
This research shows that this word is mystical and mystical, and several reasons for the importance and attention to this function (silence) have been proposed, the most important of which are social reasons, disadvantages and defects in speech and virtues, and the characteristics and results of silence.
Key words: silence, Molvi, Ghazal, Shams Tabrizi
-1 Income
In the literary treasures of every nation, there are great works that are the mirror of that nation's thought. From this point of view, mystical works and especially mystic poetry are of special importance because of the secrets hidden in them. In this context, "Molvi" is a powerful poet. His thoughts are crystallized and revealed in his works, including his lyrical poems, under the title "Diwan Kabir".
Since every science and technology inevitably has its own set of terms or "terminology"
(Terminology), you have to put special words with special meanings in every science, among the people of that science are terminologies. Humans are no exception to this principle. Therefore, the understanding of these works depends on the knowledge of those terms.
The insistence of the mystics is always that people who are not involved in the Tariqat should not be aware of their intentions, therefore, they are deliberate in keeping their intentions secret. For this reason, the terms of the mystics, in addition to the term aspect, also have a symbolic and symbolic aspect.
Given the remarkable use of the word "Shut Up" in the collection of Molavi's lyrical poems, which provides the context for reflection, in this research, it has been tried to analyze and investigate the various meanings of this word.
1-2: Statement of the problem
Moulana's poems, apart from the depth of meanings and multitude of concepts, can be symbolic and symbolic in terms of innovative imagery and almost unacceptable mastery of words. Like other code words in Divan Kabir, "Silence" also has mysterious dimensions, the different practical purposes of which can be contemplated in this mystical work. In this research, whose title is "Analysis and investigation of the silent word in Rumi's Divan", it was considered to find these goals and meanings.
In order to more closely examine the symbolic meanings of this word, from a social point of view, first, a research was conducted about the political and social situation of the era of Rumi and his family, then the various meanings of this word and its practical purposes were researched.
1-3 Importance Research
Regarding the secret aspects of words in mystical works, it reveals the purpose and importance of their use and helps us communicate and understand their deep and real concepts. In addition, it clarifies the meaning to us that the mystics mostly used the common and common words of the language and gave new meanings to the same words, in other words, their words are two-sided and have an appearance and an inner meaning, and at the same time, this language is capable of expressing complex mystical secrets. It is specific to it.
1-4 research questions
1- Can the word "Silence" be Rumi's originality?
2- Is this word used in the verses of Divan Kabir with specific themes and meanings or not?
3- Is it for the themes and Are the intended meanings of the word "silent" used from other symbols and meanings?
4- Can the word silent express the mystical tendencies of Rumi during his acquaintance with Shams, or is it not limited to a specific period of time? In order to examine the background of the research, this type of research has not been done in this way and comprehensively regarding the entire poems of Divan and Maulana's surname and its meanings. Of course, it should be noted that the significant use of the word "quiet" prompted some researchers to briefly and briefly and occasionally express their own opinions in their works on whether "quiet" can be a reference to Rumi or not.
A number of them, including: Dr. Shafi'i Kodkani, Dr. Zabihullah Safa, Dr. Abdul Hossein Zarin Koob, Professor Badie Al Zaman Forozanfar, Alfat Esfahani, Ali Dashti and Franklin Dean Lewis, consider this word to be Molana's purity, and on the other hand, Dr. Kadam Ali Sarami, Dr. Ali Hosseinpour and William Chittik disagree with this opinion.
(In the third chapter, where Rumi's last name is examined, these opinions are given differently.)
1-6 Research Hypotheses
1- It is possible that the word "Shut up" is a Maulvi purification.
2- It is possible that the word "Shut up" is only in the meaning
3- It is possible that Maulana used other symbols and interpretations to express the specific themes and meanings he wanted about these words.
4- It is possible that Rumi's tendency towards mysticism was not specific to the time he met Shams and was related to the period before he met Shams.
1-7 research goals
The most important goal of this research is to deal with the symbolic meaning of the word "Silence" and to find its different meanings, as well as to investigate and clarify a part of the mystical culture in the Diwan Kabir and in relation to this word.
The fruit of this research is familiarity and awareness of the symbolic meanings of the word "Silence" and understanding the concepts Its secret, as well as realizing the value and importance, and honoring this precious work, is in Persian literature.