Dissertation for M.A. degree
Inclination: Persian language and literature
Abstract
Qaani Shirazi is one of the able speakers of Persian in the period of literary return. Qaani's poetry can be examined from various points of view, since no comprehensive and independent research has been done in the field of aesthetics of Qaani's poetry so far, in this treatise, the use of novel verbal arts has been investigated from the perspective of aesthetics. Qaani's poetry contains attractive topics that are written with eloquent expression and the poet has displayed various beauty effects in his words.
The most important achievement that was obtained from this research is that the use of arrays in Qaani's poems, especially verbal arrays, is so much that one can hardly find a verse that does not contain an array, and if the arrays of all the verses are extracted, several
These arrays add to the beauty of the poet's words and show that Qaani is an industrialist poet and has made the most of arrays in order to develop his speech, and the use of arrays such as balance, puns, inlays, rejection, and images and the like have added to the artistic value of his poetry.
Keywords: Qaani Shirazi, Array, Sanat Badi'i, Badi Yefshi
Introduction
The Period of Literary Return Although in the opinion of critics, the master of Persian literature is not so rich and refreshing compared to other styles of Persian poetry, and many consider it to be an imitative style lacking innovation and innovation, but in Ain Taqlid is not completely devoid of beauty and glory, and due to the existence of great poets such as Qaani Shirazi, Foroghi Bastami, Fethullah Khan Shibani, Yaghmai Jandaghi, Soroush Esfahani, Hatef and many other speakers, it has poetic and artistic credibility. One of the successful and famous speakers of the style of return is Qaani Shirazi, who can be examined from different perspectives due to his special style in odes and the style of poetry, and due to his wide lyrical range, it is completely evident in his words in terms of technique and aesthetics. After Saeb, Qaani can be considered the most famous poet of Iran in the entire Safavid and Qajar periods. Verbal approaches have a special place in Divan Qaani. He is one of the main poets of the return style, who wrote poems for various purposes, especially in praise of the Messenger of God (PBUH), imams and kings, and used many original and verbal arrays. He has expressed beautiful concepts and themes along with innovative techniques in an eloquent and eloquent language and artistically embellished his words with expressive and innovative arrays". Imaginable verbal refinements exerted power, which is rare in the literary works of the past, and we can safely say that Qaani is one of the predecessors and successors among Iranian poets who excels in the field of words. Part of the qualities of this poet are sweet and elegant and have critical meanings and themes, and part of it is rude and obscene, far from politeness and decency and devoid of moral and critical intentions". (Motman, 327:1332) : Mujmar Esfahani, Mirsayd Ali Mushtaq, Ashiq Esfahani, Lotf Ali Beyk Azar Begdali, Mirza Mohammad Nasir Asfhani, Wasal Shirazi and Mirza Habibullah Qaani Shirazi and others.
In this research, in order to get to know the poet of the 13th century AH, Qaani Shirazi and to determine the extent of his skill and ability in the work of a poet, his poetry has been examined from an aesthetic perspective and has been investigated in five basic chapters:
The first chapter examines Qaani's biography, works, conditions and style of poetry; In the second season of the Tasjie industry; In the third season of the Tajnis industry; In the fourth chapter, the industry of repetition is examined and in the fifth chapter, the conclusions and suggestions are examined.
All verses from Diwan Hakim Qaani Shirazi edited by Majid Shafaq (1387) have been examined and the verbal arrays of these verses are marked prominently, and in order to avoid delaying the word, all the verses have been omitted and only the verse and page numbers are sufficient, which will justify the explanations provided.
Research Background
Despite the research that has been carried out, no complete and comprehensive research has been done in the field of verbal arrays in Qaani poems, but books have been written in the field of literary arrays and novel crafts, which the researcher, due to the importance of In this research, this topic is intended to examine the word industries as much as possible from the court of Hakim Qaani Shirazi. Among them:
1)
In the first part of the book, A New Look at Badi by Siros Shamisa, the verbal arts consists of four chapters, and at the end of each chapter, he discusses the margins of that chapter.
2)
The book Ornaments of Speech by Dr. Nowrozi includes two parts, in the section First, he has dealt with verbal ornaments (ornaments that make speech more beautiful and give it more music and melody) and the second part has been dedicated to spiritual crafts.
3)
In the rhetorical techniques and literary arts of professor Jalaluddin Homai, the first speech and the second speech are mentioned. He has mentioned a few verses of prominent poets.
Research Objectives
Given the valuable position of Qaani in the realm of Persian language and literature and the creation of various valuable poems, the introduction and recognition and study of his linguistic eloquence can be an effective step in the field of knowing the famous poets of Iran.
1-Scientific objective:
Examining the verbal arrays of Qaani's poems and knowing the extent of use of industries in his poems is the main goal of the research.
2- Practical goal:
This research can be used in the following areas:
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3- Special requirements:
Qaani is one of the most famous poets of the Qajar period who used many original and verbal arrays in his poems, so it is necessary to know this aspect and the extent of using literary techniques in Qaani's poetry.
Research method
The research method in this thesis is analytical and documents that have been done analytically after collecting the available sources (articles and books) after extracting the file, in such a way that after reading reliable and reliable books as well as using reliable internet sites regarding lifestyle, poetry and poetic style of Qaani, as well as aesthetics, novel science and verbal novel crafts, the subject matter The need has been extracted, categorized and finally written and edited.
The writer has tried to extract as much as he can of the most or most of the verbal arrays that are eye-catching and eye-catching and their prominence is visible, of course, it is natural that this amount has been extracted as far as it has been seen according to the author's ability, and it is possible that experts and critics can discover and extract beyond this amount.
Regarding innovative industries and their types, in Diwan Hakim Qaani Shirazi, each poem and its industries were identified first, and the resulting information was placed in thematic categories and classes, and after compiling the research plan, they were analyzed, and the results of the achievements and suggestions are the last topic of this thesis.
Abstract
Qaan Shirazi, a Persian-speakers during recovery of literary ability