Examining critical viewpoints in Qaiser Aminpour's poems

Master's thesis in the field of Persian language and literature

Abstract

They consider literature as a reflection of social issues, and to examine the developments and transformations of a land in different periods, they consider the literary works of that nation as one of the important sources; Because one of the personality dimensions of poets and writers can be considered historical artists and parts of their works can be considered as historical art or history in the language of art, which in addition to reflecting the political-social situation, also turn to criticism. Constructive criticism is a fight against ugliness and biases, and its purpose is to correct flaws and shortcomings. Qaisar Aminpour is one of the contemporary poets who has devoted most of his poems to social issues. In the early periods of his poetry, the content of his poetry was idealistic, which gradually turned towards realism, humanism, and detail-orientedness, and he reduced rhetoric in his poems and became associated with the realities around him. Aminpour criticizes by observing anomalies, deviations, and contradictions in social values, and the content of his criticisms can be examined in social, political, cultural, religious-mystical issues. In the social dimension, it criticizes social harms, oppression and injustice, lack of individual and social values ??and focuses on it in three periods of revolution, holy defense and after holy defense. In political criticism, he criticizes two major issues: one is the lack of freedom and the other is political factions. In the cultural dimension, he criticizes the moral and cultural principles of poets and the forgetting of idealism. In the religious-mystical axis, he criticizes the lack of self-knowledge, worldly dependence and attachments, lack of attention to death and the afterlife, superficiality in religion, pretense and hypocrisy. His method of criticism is humorous in some cases and he feels that he can be more effective in correcting social anomalies by posing serious issues as a joke. The causes of social anomalies, the promoters of injustice and party games, the hypocritical religious people and the bad-behaved politicians are the most important targets of Qaiser Aminpour's criticisms.

Key word:

Qaiser Aminpour, poems, criticism, reform, society, politics

Chapter First

Research Plan

1.1. Statement of the problem:

Regardless of the artistic and aesthetic goals and functions of literature and literary works, it is considered to facilitate the evolution of human societies and a tool to fight against social anomalies and perversions, and they said that literature is "a concept that every theorist can use in a way that is compatible with the worldview. social, scientific and religious interpretation. Its true mission is to enlighten minds and soften human emotions, to make pure desires of compassion and sympathy between people, and to verbally honor the lofty ideals of humanity" (Azb Daftari, 1363:12) and "a literary work is created when an author is able to reveal and accept a truth, that is, the truth of his relationship with the world" (Najafi, 1364:159), therefore, the work A writer or poet is the expression of the unsaid; The unsaid that everyone is not able to express; These unsaid things sometimes have a critical aspect and these criticisms are sometimes expressed with sharp and clear language and sometimes with sarcasm and ambiguity, both of which depend on the poet's conditions or his social environment, but a poet who turns to criticism actually uses social-political contradictions and chaos as the basis and subject of his criticisms and makes it a way for modernization, new thinking, and modernization, and in short, reforming social structures and behaviors. Therefore, critical works often use satirical language. Modern poets pay more attention to the realities around them than classical poets and consider themselves committed to expressing them. According to the commitment and mission of a poet, by expressing some critical issues, Qaisar Aminpour reflected and illustrated the flaws and inadequacies in his society, and he is one of the contemporary poets who has critical views in his works, and they can be examined in several dimensions, including social, political, cultural, religious-mystical, and he also used humor to express some of his criticisms, and this thesis has made their examination his subject.

2.1. Research questions:

1. What are the themes of Qaiser Aminpour's criticisms?

2. Who are the targets of Qaiser Aminpour's criticism?

3.1. Background of the research:

Although many works have been written about Qaiser Aminpour, but from the point of view of criticism, no research has been done on it, while some researches in the form of books and articles have been written about the thought and style of Qaiser Aminpour, which can be listed as follows:

1. Dargahi, Zain al-Abidin, Freedom in Qaiser Aminpour's poems, in this article, first some points about the concept of freedom have been stated, and then, after stating the types of freedom, including personal, intellectual, economic, social freedom, its roots have been discussed, and then freedom in Qaiser Aminpour's poems, which was considered one of the poet's concerns, was examined. In this research, it is clear that freedom in Aminpour's view has been made with different perceptions; Emancipation from the captivity of the enemy, especially in the middle of the war, the liberation of the self from the attachments at the end of the war and the early years after the war, human freedom in the social sense and the years after the war. And in this article, the collection of Aminpour's poems was analyzed in the order of publication with a descriptive-analytical method, and the poet's thought process regarding the concept of freedom was determined.

2. Torabi, Seyyed Ziauddin, review of the first poetry collection of Qaiser Aminpour, in this article, the author has reviewed the collection of poems of Tashir Sobh from different perspectives. First of all, he made a linguistic criticism and considered the simple language, clear atmosphere and expressive images as the characteristics of Aminpour's poetry. He believes that Aminpour's poems are verbal and narrative rather than visual, and what he does to his poems is actually the transmission of narration. He then examines other aspects of the poet's poetry in this collection, namely from the emotional point of view, form and content.

3. Abolghasemi, Maryam, Examining Manifestations of Thought in Qaiser Aminpour's Poems, in this article, the social issues in Qaiser Aminpour's poems are discussed, which, according to the author, have a prominent and special nature. In this article, it is said that the collections of early poems of Caesar have a school-professional color and are mixed with epic and mysticism and are full of idealism and anti-tyranny. This article examined and analyzed the various manifestations of thought and thought in Qaiser Aminpour's poetry, and the aspects of his mental and intellectual index were identified.

4. Abolqasmi, Maryam, the study of humorous themes in Qaiser Aminpour's poetry, in this article, the concept of humor and its functions have been investigated, and then Qaiser has been introduced as one of the poets who use humor as an artistic tool to express their thoughts and make society reflect and correct social anomalies. In this article, the effects of humor in Qaiser Aminpour's poems have been classified in various contexts, and the topics of humor in his poems, which mainly include his social criticisms, were examined.

5. Irannejad, Nematullah, Peace in the Poems of Qaiser Aminpour, the author in this book examines outstanding literary works in relation to the extent of their influence on the audience both in the traditional view and new theories of literary criticism, including the theory of reception, and then based on this article, he deals with the topic, peace in the poems of Qaiser Aminpour, and concludes that Qaiser has reached an artistic understanding in the artistic explanation of life experiences and has presented them with an audience-friendly language and a coherent structure. He has consistently stated that for the audience in all situations, literary pleasure is obtained from them. He considers the important points in Qaiser Aminpour's poems to be related to peace, love and affection, and considers them among the literary characteristics of this poet, which draws the reader towards purity and sincerity. So that the reader identifies with the parable.

6. Fatuhi, Mahmoud, three voices, three colors, three styles in Qaiser Aminpour's poetry, in this article, the poet's poetic life is divided into three active, passive, and reflective periods, and his revolutionary spirit in each period, in addition to the content in the formal elements of his poetry, especially at the level of words, syntactic constructions, and current processes, and the images and pictures also show the poet's perspective in each period.