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Examining the concept of modesty in Molvi's poems

Number of pages: 97 File Format: word File Code: 31515
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Literature - Persian Language
Tags/Keywords: Ghazliat Shams - Irfan - Masnavi - modesty - Molvi - Mystical poems - shame - Sonnets - Spiritual masnavi
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  • Summary of Examining the concept of modesty in Molvi's poems

    Dissertation for Master's degree

    Abstract

    Modesty is one of the most important and fundamental concepts in the discussion of divine teachings and is considered one of the key topics in mystical conduct. In the word, modesty means shame, shame, and in the idiom, abandoning modesty leads to blame and blame. In this research, after expressing the views of the Qur'an and the infallibles (pbuh) on modesty, the words of mystics on the issue of modesty have been examined. Then, the review of modesty comes from the perspective of dictionaries and commentary books, and it is also found in prominent works of mystical prose. Also, the interpretation of the reflection of the concept of modesty has been expressed in poems before Molvi. Finally, this research ends with the analysis of this epistemological approach about modesty in Molvi's poems. The purpose of this research is to lay the groundwork for a more accurate understanding of the concept of modesty in Molavi's poems. While being influenced by the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah, and the mystics before him, it seems like this, he did not explicitly define the mystical definition of modesty and mention its foundations; But it is enough of Maulavi's care and attention to this theme that there is a significant frequency of this word and its semantic associates in his Masnavi and Ghazals, and in addition, Maulavi's treatment of the special aspects of modesty and its moral and mystical interpretations, as well as sometimes the use of Islamic traditions and references to Quranic verses regarding modesty, as well as the use of humorous anecdotes and delightful parables in this context. In a way, it explains the various manifestations of modesty.

    Key words: Irfan, maqam, modesty, Masnavi, Ghazliat Shams, Molvi.

     

     

    Chapter One (Generalities) Research)

    1-1 Introduction to the research

    Mysticism is the way of knowledge and knowledge among those who have knowledge and wisdom who, unlike the people of reason and argument, rely more on spiritual taste and illuminations in the path of discovering the truth. This method is usually known among Muslims as the Sufi method. Of course, among other ethnic groups and nations, it has different names according to the location and time conditions. In spite of this, they are generally known under the title of the knowledge of the secretaries.

    Islamic mysticism and Sufism itself is divided into two parts: practical mysticism, or practical mysticism, and theoretical mysticism. In the mystical journey, the seeker passes through various houses and stages, which are called "maqamat" in the term. One of the authorities is "Hiya". In general, mystics consider the attribute of modesty to be one of the conditions of God's close ones. It is described that the closer you get to God's door, the greater your modesty will be. Therefore, a two-way relationship between the concept of modesty and closeness can be imagined. Modesty can be contemplated from two mystical perspectives: first, from the point of view of the authorities; Modesty is the attribute of a meditator, and it is when the heart of a servant is seen in the light of the awe and fear of God's nobles.

    Therefore, the seeker of the door of the truth protects his appearance and inner self from the opposition of divine decrees due to the protection of the opinion of the Most High. This type of modesty is divided into two ways: modesty from sin and modesty from guilt.

    However, the second view is that modesty is referred to as a special attribute of the observer, and that is when the seeker's soul is illuminated by the glory of seeing the Almighty in himself (Kashani, 1388:420-422).

    Moulana Jalaluddin Mohammad Balkhi, in his book Masnavi al-Masnavi and Ghazlayat of Shams, calls the thirsty lips of the spiritual sea to meditation and meditation, and from the point of view that is special to him, he sometimes focuses on the concept of modesty from moral and religious aspects, and sometimes he takes into account mystical and intuitive aspects and tendencies. It relies on intuitive aspects and mystical and spiritual experiences.He says this in some of his poems:

    Come, O enemy of shame and thought

     

    that I tore the veil of shame and shame
     

     

     

    (Molvi, 1383: 839)

     

     

    I am ashamed of love if I say human
     

     

     

     

    I am afraid of God, who should I say that this is God
     

     

     

     

    (Same: 206)

     

     

    A lover should eat wind day and night
     

     

     

     

    to remove the veil of his reason and shame
     

     

     

     

    (Same : 757)

    Molvi considers both the moral and religious aspects of the concept of shame and modesty as well as the mystical and intuitive aspects and trends in these two valuable works of his. And it turns out that Maulavi emphasizes more on moral and religious aspects of modesty and shame in Masnavi. As the manifestation of this concept is evident in his Masnavi stories and similes with the use of some verses and hadiths, and in Shams' sonnets, the concept of shame and modesty relies on its intuitive aspects and mystical and spiritual experiences. Therefore, in his poems, he portrays romantic and mystic shame and modesty in various ways. Therefore, the examination of the relationship between shame and love, as well as the dual tendencies of modesty and abandoning modesty in Molavi's poems leads to the analysis of the pure and pristine foundations of Molavi's mysticism and describes his special epistemological model in detail. The research is the basic research questions, research objectives, hypotheses, research method and definition of key words and the limits and scope of the research.

    Chapter Two: In this chapter, we have examined the topic of research, that is, the concept of modesty from a lexical and terminological point of view, and by referring to the verses, hadiths, prose texts and mystical poems, we have extracted its most important characteristics, works and levels.

    Chapter 3: Maulawi's biography, Maulawi's distinguished mentors and disciples, the three manifestations of Maulawi's life, Maulawi's schooling period, Maulawi and his practical conduct, Maulawi and his meeting with Shams Tabrizi, Maulawi's poetic status, the works of Maulawi, the spiritual Masnawi, Shams's lyrical works, fieh mafiyyah, writings, Majlis Saba', written works about Maulawi's origin, Maulawi's thoughts and beliefs, love, Manifestation, unity of existence, annihilation and survival, perfect human being, works and results of Maulavi's beliefs.

    Chapter 4: This is the most important chapter of the research, which is dedicated to examining the concept of modesty in Masnavi and Shams's poetry. In this chapter, while defining modesty and its levels from Rumi's point of view, firstly, we have criticized and analyzed the stories that were told with the focus of modesty, then we have explained the most important references of Rumi about the category of modesty, and we have criticized things such as the place of modesty, characteristics of modesty, types of modesty, and specific aspects of modesty. The following researches are the topics that have been discussed in this chapter.

    It should be mentioned that the main text of the research in this thesis is Masnavi Ma'navi (six books) edited by Tawfiq Sobhani and Ghazliat Shams, by the efforts of Badiul Zaman Forozanfar.

    1-2 Bayan Problem

    Shame in the word means shame, and in the term it is the shrinking of the ego from something and leaving it because of the blame and blame in it. It is of two types: the first is sensual and the shame that God Almighty has created in souls, such as the shame of discovering private parts and intercourse between people. The second is faith, and it is the shame that prevents the believer from committing sins.

    The concept of shame and modesty has a high frequency in Sufi prose works until the 6th century, and after that, it gradually entered the poems of mystics.

  • Contents & References of Examining the concept of modesty in Molvi's poems

    List:

    Abstract 1

    Chapter One: Introduction and Generalities

    1-1 Introduction to the research. 3

    1-2 statement of the problem. 6

    1-3 research questions. 8

    1-4 The importance and necessity of research. 8

    1-5 research background. 9

    1-6 research objectives. 9

    1-7 research hypotheses. 10

    1-8 definitions of keywords. 10

    1-9 limits and scope of research. 12

    Chapter Two: (theoretical foundation: the concept of modesty)

    2-1 Introduction. 14

    2-2 Verbal and terminological definition of modesty 14

    2-3 Types of modesty 17

    2-4 Levels of modesty 19

    2-5 Modesty in the Quran. 20

    2-6 modesty in the traditions of the innocent. 22

    2-7 Modesty in dictionaries and explanatory books. 28

    2-8 The concept of modesty in mystical prose and poetry. 30

    2-8-1 The concept of modesty in Sufia's sayings. 31

    2-8-2 Modesty in outstanding mystical prose works before Maulvi. 36

    2-8-3 modesty in mystical poems. 42

    Chapter Three: (Description of Molavi's life, works and thought)

    3-1 Introduction. 48

    3-2 Molvi's biography. 48

    3-3 prominent teachers and disciples of Molvi. 51

    3-4 three effects of Molvi's life. 51

    3-4-1 Molvi's era of education. 52

    3-4-2 Molvi and practical conduct. 53

    3-4-3 Molavi and his meeting with Shams Tabrizi. 53

    3-5 Molvi's poetic position. 54

    3-6 Molvi's works. 55

    3-6-1 Spiritual Masnavi. 56

    3-6-2 Ghazliat of Shams. 58

    3-6-3 fieh ma fieh. 58

    3-6-4 correspondence. 59

    3-6-5 Majlis Sabah. 59

    3-7 written works about Molavi. 59

    3-8 The origin of Maulavi's thoughts and beliefs. 60

    3-8-1 Love (the main basis of Maulavi's profession and mystical method) 60

    3-8-2 Manifestation of Maulavi's point of view. 63

    3-8-3 unity of existence from Maulvi's point of view. 64

    3-8-4 Annihilation and survival according to Molvi. 65

    3-8-5 The perfect human being from Maulvi's point of view. 67

    3-9 The works and results of Molvi's beliefs. 68

    Chapter Four: (Investigation of the concept of modesty in Molvi's poems)

    4-1 Introduction. 70

    4-2 The concept of modesty in Molavi's poems. 71

    4-3 Features of modesty 72

    4-3-1 Avoiding negligence. 72

    4-3-2 The relationship between modesty and human discretion. 73

    4-3-3 Modesty and its relationship with divine stardom. 74

    4-3-4 Condemned modesty 77

    4-3-4-1 Shame due to deficiency. 78

    4-3-4-2 Shame of creation. 80

    4-3-5 The relationship between modesty and revealing one's secret 81

    4-4 types of modesty from Maulvi's point of view. 84

    4-4-1 Shame of crime. 85

    4-4-2 Shyness from guilt 92

    4-4-3 Shyness of politeness. 98

    4-4-4 The modesty of the worm. 101

    4-4-5 modesty and glory. 104

    4-4-6 Shame on existence. 107

    4-5 modesty of divine saints. 110

    4-6 Modesty in the field of love and lover. 115

    4-6-1 Lover's modesty area. 116

    4-6-2 modesty of the whole world towards the beloved. 118

    4-6-3 Lover's modesty area. 120

    4-6-4 ratio of love and modesty 124

    4-6-5 modesty in connection. 127

    Chapter Five: Conclusion and proposal

    5-1 Conclusion. 131

    5-2 Presentation of proposal 132

    List of sources and sources. 133

    Abstract 139

    Source:

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Examining the concept of modesty in Molvi's poems
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