Dissertation for the Master's degree (M.A)
Abstract
Farsi is a language that represents the culture and national identity of us Iranians. This language has gone through many ups and downs in the passage of time, but it still remains immortal. The secret of Persian language's immortality can be seen in having a rich cultural support; A culture that has cultivated great poets and writers to form strong and unbreakable chains of the Persian language. In the contemporary period, due to the expansion of communication and mass communication tools, the Persian language has been endangered more than all periods; The existence of a strong academy, proper planning for the teaching of Persian language and literature in schools, and the like-mindedness of academicians and experts in writing and editing and their consensus in this field, can continue the immortality of this language. The formation of national languages ??is always a complex process. Especially when we are faced with the authentic language of a civilization and culture, one of the strengths of the Persian language is that this language represents a well-known culture. Obviously, a language that has such a solid cultural support will not disappear. Persian is a language that great poets and writers have used to create literature. In fact, the existence of great literary figures are links that have always kept this great language stable. Great writers and poets are the real academy of a nation. When a nation has a rich literature, at least its benefit for preserving the language is that other nations, in order to translate those works, consider teaching that language as their essential need. Of course, the translation of Persian literary works into foreign languages ??is not only limited to ancient works. It has been translated into the living languages ??of the world.
Translations are another factor in the transferability of the Persian language. Many English and French expressions (putting in the flow, counting on someone, being indifferent, etc.) have entered the Persian language through translation, and today they have become a part of the Persian language (semantic extraction). The unknown pointed out: The mouse was eaten by the cat. Of course, the effect of translations is only on the Persian language and does not create a change in the line. For example, the following words can be mentioned.
radio [French radio], money [Greek pul], can [Turkish yti]
key words: language, foreign words, borrowing, fiction literature.
Introduction
Language, as the main means of human social communication and as one of the main elements of the culture of human societies, has an ancient history, and it has had an adventurous and dynamic course along with the types of tools, stillness, movements, captivity and victory of each nation and has gone through its own evolution. In the meantime, the phenomenon of borrowing is considered one of the natural features of the language, in the framework of which the speakers of a language, if necessary, refer to other languages ??in order to fill lexical gaps and insert words from these languages ??into their speech. It is clear that the increasing use and unreasonable use of foreign words in the Persian language can overshadow the originality and richness of this language, and especially put the belief in the minds of the public that the Persian language is incapable of presenting scientific and specialized concepts. In this article, while describing the phenomenon of borrowing and its effective factors, an attempt is made to examine the different methods of word selection in the Persian language and the weaknesses and strengths of each of them. By examining these methods, we will show that if lexical borrowing is done in a correct and principled way, in some cases it can lead to the lexical richness of the Persian language.
Today, the Persian language is subject to an influx of words, especially from Western European languages, and in almost all the sentences we use, traces of at least a few foreign words can be found, especially from English and other languages..
Today, the Persian language is exposed to a huge influx of words, especially from Western European languages, and in almost all the sentences we use, traces of at least a few foreign words can be found, especially from English and other languages, including German, French, and Arabic. In the meantime, the main question is whether borrowing words from other foreign languages ??and using them extensively in scientific and specialized texts and even in daily conversation can help the current situation of the Persian language or not. Of course, in order to answer this question, one should better understand the phenomenon of borrowing and consider all its aspects and dimensions, as well as the various factors that can cause this phenomenon to occur in the Persian language. that the Persian language is unable to provide scientific and specialized concepts and we are still forced to use foreign words in the language. Unfortunately, today many people believe that with the rapid growth of science and industry in the West and due to the increasing progress of communication technology, for us who are witnessing the arrival of a large number of tools and goods from such countries every day, there is no other way but to borrow the words and titles of these goods. Of course, it should be acknowledged that borrowing lexical elements from other languages ??is a natural thing and almost all languages ??in the world borrow words from other languages ??in different ways and add them to their vocabulary list if necessary, which of course is not a proof of the structural weakness of the borrowing language or the superiority of the lending language. use European and Arabic languages. All of us, knowingly or unknowingly, use some English words instead of their Persian equivalents without any reason while speaking, and this is despite the fact that there is no need to use them in our speech and there are very suitable and beautiful equivalents for them in the Persian language. By adding a few English words in their self-conscious speech, Persian speakers try to show their audience or audiences that they know the so-called English language, which is an international language, or at least have a higher university education. rtl;">research generalities
problem statement
In this treatise, an attempt was made to collect comprehensive and documented information about the foreign words of literature after the Islamic revolution, so it was decided by studying various internet sites and extensive research in the literary texts of a comprehensive treatise and Kamel is written in this context so that with this action, which is the first step in the search for foreign words in the Persian language, one can pay his respect to the country's literature, and on the other hand, one can give the necessary courage to the officials and other people in the first place, so as not to use foreign words in the Persian language. and he did something to increase the efforts of the young generation in the conscious and zealous protection of this precious spiritual heritage, namely the Persian language. The importance and necessity of research The purpose of writing this treatise was to be able to write a comprehensive and complete treatise in the field Foreign words were written in the literature of the post-revolutionary period. Therefore, it was necessary to compile a treatise that could prevent the entry of foreign words into the Persian language, in order to preserve and enrich the literature, prevent the entry of foreign words into the language and literature.