Dissertation for M.A. degree
Tension: Literature and Persian language
Summary
Popular literature culture is the lasting legacy of our past, which today's young generation of the country should identify and preserve in various dimensions. Iran's popular culture and literature is sweet and pleasant because of the role played by friends and Persian speakers.
I came here at the suggestion of my Farzaneh teacher, Dr. Hoshmandasfandiarpour, to collect the cultural and literary works of the Dashtab region, which is my native place, with his guidance, and to serve my hometown.
One of the characteristics of the scientific movement. And my research in this program was to familiarize myself with the culture and literature of the people of the region because it made me to be present in all the settlements and settlements of the region and to witness the holding of local ceremonies. This made me aware of the customs and cultural characteristics of the people. Among the disadvantages of my research and scientific movement was the haste to reach the thesis defense time, the time limitation combined with the heavy volume of work activities, which I believe has not covered all the cultural and popular literature capabilities of the region. style="direction: rtl;">Finally, after thanking God endlessly, I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to all those who have helped me to compile this collection, and I hope that they will forgive my writing weakness and scientific shortcomings with their wise thought and help me to correct it in the future.
Key words: literature Popular, early, lullabies
From the dark and lustful roof of the 20th century to the past, the world is shown by countless transformations; transformations that sometimes bring destruction and unwillingness, time, hope and prosperity, and filled the record of human life with ugly and beautiful moments. Examining the ups and downs of history leads mankind to the truth that the good and bad phenomena of human societies are nothing but the reflection of cultures. In other words, culture is the origin of all advances, innovations or all backwardness. Popular culture and literature are the lasting heritage of our ancestors, which today the young generation of the country should identify and preserve in various dimensions. Considering that knowing the customs and folk beliefs of each village shows the cultural identity of that village. Dashtab village has a very long cultural history. And in this village, we still see that the values ??and beliefs have been passed down from generation to generation by our fathers and ancestors, and due to the modernization of today's society, we still see many of the customs and reforms of the past remaining among the young generation. We are trying in this research. By examining and understanding the reforms and customs of the Dashtab region, we can transfer these values ??and beliefs to the new generation because it is necessary to preserve the folk culture of each region. Because it is considered as the birth certificate of that region. This research examines the culture and customs of the Dashtab region.
Statement of the problem
Since the recognition and identity of a people is rooted in the culture, customs and traditions of that people, in order to identify and introduce each group, it is necessary to go to the culture of that group. According to the testimony of the way of life and following the nature and the climate and weather conditions and bearing the hardships and violence of nature and at the same time accessing the natural and climatic resources is one of the common ways of human social life in different parts of the world including Iran. Before choosing a suitable place to continue his life, man moves to the ends of the earth in order to better meet his various needs. With the scientific and industrial progress and as a result of human domination over nature, they are gradually living a monogamous life at a suitable point and they are trying to make the necessary changes in nature.. With the scientific and industrial progress and as a result of man's dominance over nature, they gradually began to live a monogamous life at a suitable point and try to make the necessary changes in nature for their own benefit in order to meet their needs, and in this way, villages, cities and different social centers emerged and expanded. In Kerman province, due to the vastness of the province and different climate, many people live in villages, which unfortunately have been less studied and known, from One of these villages is the village of Dashtab. It has many buildings that have not been researched in this field so far.
Knowing, studying and investigating stories, legends and folk beliefs is considered a very important issue for sociologists and anthropologists because many of the attitudes, behaviors and norms of today's societies are rooted in beliefs and beliefs that have been formed during historical time. Therefore, pondering on beliefs and traditions and what is called folk culture and folklore by sociologists today, lead us to the origin of many social norms and anomalies. Identifying the beliefs, opinions and social behaviors of the people who lived in the past and have passed them down from the depths of history to the present generations is not only necessary but also considered one of the important axes of sciences such as sociology, anthropology and history. Perhaps, at first glance, popular beliefs and opinions appear to us, who live in the age of rationality, electronics and speed in information, to be fantasy and far from reality. But according to the thinkers and researchers of social sciences and anthropologists, their creation was based on a certain vision and philosophy and expressed the attitude of primitive people towards the universe and was considered rational in their time.
Folk beliefs, including facts, superstitions, ceremonies, stories, motels and everything that fits into this category and because historians and archaeologists have not been able to express and explain to researchers, they are important and of interest. For this reason, researchers look at folk culture from different angles and analyze them. We can categorize the category that we know as popular culture or folklore and divide them into superstitions and illusions, personal and collective experiences, imaginations and idealisms, beliefs that are consistent with reality. Folklore is about the realities of people's individual and social life and their experiences and ways of dealing with life's dilemmas and problems and finding appropriate solutions for them. It was rational in its time, and despite the fact that today they smell old and seem unacceptable and lacking in attraction, we must accept that all of them are the historical heritage of our ancestors and have formed parts of our national identity. As in various aspects of our social and national life, they have left positive or negative effects, tangible or intangible, and have distinguished our people from other countries. In this study of the materials related to the culture and history of the past, we found it necessary to include some of the popular beliefs of the people of Dastab in the fields of customs, superstitions, local knowledge, celebrations and mourning, proverbs and rulings, and literature used in various cases of livelihood. We have written and known them, and of course, our intention and purpose is not to value and judge the good and bad, or correctness and inaccuracy, or in other words, to analyze them scientifically. Rather, it is an image of the past to the youth of today. Conducting targeted field studies, this research tries to introduce Dashtab village as much as possible due to research limitations. It is hoped that its results will be in line with the planning of managers and officials related to the field of folk culture.