Fire in Sana'i poems

Dissertation for M.A

Abstract

"Fire in the works of Sana'i poems"

Alireza Gilani

Sanai is one of the prominent poets whose works are quantitative and The quality is worthy of consideration. Among the works of this unique speaker, his divan and garden has special subtleties and subtleties, which has a special and stable position in terms of literature, thought, language and variety of different themes. In this essay, the writer intends to examine the word fire in his poems, in addition to a brief look at the personality and works of this prominent Persian-speaking poet. Understanding the concept of fire helps us to better understand Hadiqa's poems and get to know the thoughts of the poet. Fire is present in Sana'i poetry in the form of simile, irony, allusion, etc., and can be seen in the examples of fire of love, fire of jealousy, fire of hejran, fire of passion, fire of lust, fire of greed, fire of hell, elemental fire, etc. The results show that Sana'i not only has the effects of elemental fire, such as "warming, burning, construction, elevation, exposure, cleansing"; It is also true for all spiritual fires; Rather, he considers these qualities more true in spiritual fires.

Key words: fire, Sana'i, Hadiqa al-Haqiqah, divan.

Introduction

Sana'i was a praise poet in the first period of his literary activities, the method of Ghaznavid poets, especially He imitated Esrani and Farrokhi. In the second period, which was the period of his spiritual evolution and change, he dealt with mystical and religious teachings and truths. In fact, Sanai is considered to be the first Iranian poet after Islam who presented mystical truths and the meanings of Sufism in the form of poetry. was; Most researchers consider him the creator and founder of mystical poetry. The style he started continued with Attar Neishabouri and reached its peak in the poetry of Jalaluddin Mohammad Balkhi. Mystical poetry and the themes used by Sanaei are not the only innovations of this great poet in Persian literature. He innovates in all types of classical poetry before him and adds a new mood to them.

 Although this poetic theme is not his only intellectual-ideological trend, it is so certain that a large part of his poetry and the broad limits of his thought have been assigned to this topic. In fact, the precious Masnavi (Hadiqah al-Haqiqah and Qaaba al-Sharia) is considered to a large extent to have arisen from this ideological-ideological trend of his. In addition to this Masnavi, many poems can be found in Divan of his poems, which have the same theme. (quoted from Zarqani, 1378: 10)

       What occupies the mind of every Iranian among the facts and history of the life of this great sheikh, is why the intellectual and spiritual aspects of this wise sage have not been taken into account as befits his position and dignity? Unfortunately, until now, a collection that has used and discussed and interpreted various concepts of Sana'i poems in a thematic manner; It has not been published. Inevitably, the researcher and every person who is looking for poems on a specific subject, including fire and other more detailed concepts, must go through the entire works, in order to be able to extract the desired concepts from its different parts, and often the lack of time deprives people of the opportunity to do such work; Therefore, considering that the interpretation and analysis of each of the concepts raised in his works, according to the different meanings and interpretations, requires an independent collection.

In this research, in order to facilitate the researchers' work, specific concepts of fire have been extracted and categorized and analyzed. In this research, the researcher intends to investigate what concepts the poet uses the word fire to express, and in what instances the use of fire is used in his poetry, and which of these instances has the highest frequency, and which of the positive and negative aspects fire has in Sana'i poetry..

Chapter One

Research Generalities

1-1: Statement of the problem

       Fire is one of the words that has acquired various meanings in Persian literature; Fire is used in mystical texts and poems of poets in symbolic and allegorical forms. Sanai is one of the poets who paid attention to fire and addressed it from both positive and negative aspects. In the positive aspects of fire, concepts such as: the fire of Abraham, the fire of Moses, the fire of love, and in the negative side concepts such as: the fire of anger, the fire of lust, and the fire of the soul have been expressed. Fire is mentioned in Sana'i poetry in the form of allusion, allegory, metaphor, comparison, permission, etc. In the present study, fire is examined in the works of Sana'i poems; For this purpose, Diwan and Hadiqa al-Haqiqah are first examined and after extracting the required information and classifying them, their analysis is done. Sanai Ghaznavi is one of the great poets and mystics of Persian literature, and fire is one of the themes raised in his poems, and special attention should be paid to its manifestations. Examining fire from Sana'i's point of view helps the reader to understand more and more of Sana'i's poetic themes. Also, considering that such a topic has not been investigated in Sana'i poetry so far, research in this field is considered a necessary and effective step.

1-3: Research questions

To what extent is fire used in the works of Sana'i poetry and what is its place?

Examination of fire in poetry What is the importance of Sana'i?

Does fire have negative or positive connotations in Sana'i's poetry?

Has Sana'i also paid attention to verbal and spiritual crafts in expressing the concepts related to fire?

1-4: Research hypotheses

It seems that the topic of fire can be understood An observation has appeared in Sana'i's poetry and deserves consideration.

Examining fire in Sana'i's poetry provides the basis for a better understanding of his poetry and getting familiar with the thoughts of this great mystic.

Sanai has paid attention to the positive and negative aspects of fire in his poetry.

Fire in Sana'i's poetry with literary techniques such as: Allusions, allegories, metaphors, symbols, similes, etc. have appeared.

1-5: Research objectives

More familiarity with the ideas of Sana'i Ghaznavi and a better understanding of his poems

Examination of his life situation

Providing a precise definition in the analysis of concepts Khas Sana'i, especially the concept of fire

Examination of Sana'i poems in terms of the concepts raised by fire

Introduction of positive and negative aspects of fire in Sana'i poems

1-6: Research method

In compiling this thesis, library method and phishing tools are used. For this purpose, Ghaznavi Sana'i poems are studied and analyzed first, and after that the receipts are extracted. After categorizing and adjusting, the relevant sheets are analyzed and finally a final conclusion is reached. Chapter Two Research Background 2-1: Research Background Many researches have been done on Sana'i poems and works. Among them, the following researches can be mentioned:

         The end of Namahi entitled "Psychological criticism of Sana'i Ghaznavi's mystical lyrical poetry based on Jung's psychology" written by Sediqeh Sajjadi Rad, was carried out in 2007 under the guidance of Mahmoud Hassanabadi at the University of Sistan and Baluchistan. Another thesis entitled "An Introduction to the Sociology of Sana'i Poems" was written by Zohra Ghasminejad Raini in 2008 under the guidance of Maryam Khalili Jahantigh at the University of Sistan and Baluchistan.