Productivity of human resources in the implementation phase of the life cycle of urban construction projects

Master's thesis in civil engineering "M.Sc. »

Trend: Engineering and construction management

Abstract:

The main goal of this research was to determine the prioritization of the most important factors affecting the productivity of human resources in the implementation phase of the life cycle of urban construction projects. After the investigations, 100 factors were determined as the main factors affecting productivity. By using a questionnaire and distributing it among the statistical population that consisted of employers, consultants and urban construction contractors, the impact of these factors was investigated. Using two methods of relative importance index and fuzzy logic, the answers were analyzed and specified. The results of these two methods were highly correlated. In the second stage, the factors in the order of priority of the fuzzy number in the form of a questionnaire were given to 3 contracting companies with the 1st rank, and after analyzing the results, a numerical model of productivity called P.N.HR was presented, which compared the number of human resource productivity in 3 companies. In the third stage, the same factors that were in the order of fuzzy priority were given to 3 contracting companies with ranks 2, 1, and 3 in the form of another questionnaire. This model qualitatively compared the productivity status of 3 companies. Finally, after identifying the important factors of human resource productivity in urban construction projects, solutions and suggestions for the development of this industry in the country were presented to the officials related to this issue. Key words: human resource productivity, project, urban construction, fuzzy number, PMBOK standard. Chapter 1. Research overview.

Introduction

No manufacturing process has ever been invented or carried out, which does not require human labor. Therefore, no production takes place without human participation. The role of human resources has reached the most advanced stage from physical work, that is, humans should think more and machines should work.

Urban construction industry in Iran is one of the sectors of the construction industry that has grown significantly in recent decades, and this growth has shown itself more in the years after the revolution. This process shows that the specialists and engineers of our country have made significant progress in this industry, and employers, consulting engineers, and contractors have been able to gain good experience in this field.

Although it is said that each construction project has unique characteristics in terms of local location, design, and implementation, many factors affecting construction productivity are the same in all projects, although the extent of their impact may be different in each project. Therefore, a point that should not be neglected is the use of past experiences in future projects.

In this research on the topic of "human resource efficiency in the implementation phase of the life cycle of urban construction projects", as is clear from the title of the research, only the factor of human resources has been examined, so that based on the experiences of past projects, the factors affecting this factor in the efficiency of urban construction have been identified, classified and prioritized, and considering strategies to reduce the negative effects of these factors, a step in To improve the productivity in the urban construction industry and as a result the growth of this industry in the country.

Statement of the problem

In the importance of human resources, it is enough that they said: "Today, the main capital of construction projects is human resources." In order to achieve the goals of the project and to achieve reasonable productivity in projects, it is necessary to identify and analyze the productive factors in human resources. Since it is important and necessary to check the performance and find the factors affecting the productivity of the projects, then it is better that this task be given to the construction managers who are the project managers.

In this research, the factors affecting the productivity of human resources in the urban construction industry are investigated. Considering the importance of resources in construction projects, human resources have been investigated less than other resources such as time, cost, materials and materials, or if they have been investigated quickly and briefly. Regarding the construction industry, the importance of human resources is not less than other industries.

Since Iran is one of the developing countries and there is a lot of labor in it, it is necessary to think more about the field.

Since Iran is one of the developing countries and there is a lot of labor there, it is necessary to think more about human resources management. The positive and negative effects that human resources have on other resources and project productivity play an important role in the project situation, which is often ignored by the officials and project managers.

In this regard, by establishing a connection between the fields of management and construction, a new science has been achieved, which is called construction management engineering, which is one of the duties of this management, human resource management in construction projects.

The importance and necessity of conducting research

In today's highly competitive world, Vari is one of the basic and important components to ensure the success and profitability of an industry or a project. Productivity can be directly attributed to the amount of cost reduction or increase in profitability. Since all projects are intended to reduce costs and execution time while maintaining quality, the profitability of the project can be guaranteed by improving productivity. Despite the importance of productivity in projects, its concept has received more attention and investigation due to globalization and intense competition in recent decades. Meanwhile, we expect the benefits of our projects from proven management techniques.  (Neumann et al 2003)

However, employers, consulting engineers and contractors are not properly and systematically familiar with productivity and do not have a correct assessment of its impact on the project. So, even with a small improvement in the productivity of the urban construction industry, it is possible to save a significant amount of money and time, which increases the importance of research. It has left 200,000 dead, destroyed many cities and thousands of villages, and caused great economic losses. The reason for all the destruction was the vulnerability of the buildings. Tabassi 2008))

Several factors can be stated for the cause of the destruction of these buildings, including poor design or non-standard materials, but it can be safely said that many of these buildings had both accurate and appropriate design and standard materials were used in them. So, with these descriptions, a new cause for these destructions can be stated as "low quality in the supervision and poor implementation of constructions", the main factor of which is human resources.

Productivity is one of the most important issues in construction projects and it guarantees the reduction of costs and the optimal use of available resources. As the planning before the start of the project has a significant effect on the performance of the projects, the improvement of productivity can also affect the cost of the project up to 30%. Improving productivity in construction will lead to increased efficiency and effectiveness in projects, as well as obtaining significant benefits in terms of time and money. By conducting this research, it is hoped that a step will be taken in the direction of the development and improvement of the urban construction industry, so that we can witness the increase in the quality of buildings against earthquakes and other natural disasters.

Therefore, the objectives of this research can be separated:

Investigating the level of awareness of project managers, contractors, employers, and active consultants in the field of human resource productivity.

Analysis of factors in increasing the productivity of human resources.

Acquisition and extraction A list of the most common human resources productivity criteria.

Determining the most key and most important factors affecting human resource productivity.

Factors investigation based on a new approach (implementation phase of the project life cycle). Contracting.

Presentation of the 3HR.P.S model to compare the state of productivity of human resources in contracting companies.

The aspect of novelty and innovation in research

In previous studies in this field, more attention has been paid to the identification of factors and less attention has been paid to the extent of the impact of these factors on the project, or it can even be said that they have only been satisfied with the analysis of cases.