Smart parking system on the side of the street using inter-vehicle communication under mobile

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Mechatronics

Abstract

Today, the use of inter-vehicle communication as one of the technologies to increase the safety and comfort of travel in the field of transportation and many automobile companies is considered. A type of waste of time and energy that includes a major part of street traffic is the problem of car parking. The increasing growth of public transport vehicles and the rapid increase of private cars in metropolises make the traffic situation of the city more complicated every day and make life in them more difficult. The main reason is the information error. Because the driver does not receive the necessary information or receives it late, he cannot take the appropriate reaction to it. If it is possible to expand the driver's level of information about the surrounding environment, there will be a tremendous transformation in transportation and traffic safety. This is possible through the exchange of information using special equipment that conveys the information to the driver much faster and the driver shows the right reaction at the right time. The need for intelligent control and strategic systems is necessary and necessary more than in the past, and it is an urgent and unavoidable need. Inter-vehicle networks are the basis of intelligent vehicle systems dedicated to traffic control, finding parking space and other applications. In this project, the impact of inter-vehicle communication in relation to finding a suitable parking space on the street has been investigated using practical implementation and only using mobile phones. Also, in order to evaluate the impact of inter-vehicle communication technology in order to reduce street traffic, a model has been implemented based on Google map rules in the real world. The purpose of this research is to reduce the amount of traffic on the streets in order to find a parking space, during peak traffic times and to reduce the wastage of time and energy, which can be easily searched for the desired place to park a car on the desired street and also reserve that place for car parking. This method is practically implemented. The relevant software is designed for smart mobile phones and allows users to extract all the information about the parking space in the desired street very simply by communicating with the geographic locator and the relevant database. The use of these connections between cars leads to the driver having enough information about the destination street so that he may have enough time to change the street and find an empty space to park his car. The results of the evaluations show that equipping only 50% of the cars with this system significantly reduces the traffic load of the streets in order to find a parking place for the car. Keywords: inter-vehicle communication, mobile phone software, smart phones, car parking, ITS Background: Traffic is an unpleasant phenomenon that occurs due to the increasing mechanization of society and increasing urbanization. Since the industrial economy took the place of the agricultural economy, due to more investment in cities and as a result of the existence of comfort and recreational facilities, as well as the natural and potential talents of cities for development; For example, "having enough water and geographical location" caused people to be drawn from villages to cities, which caused the creation of new settlements.

On the other hand, the increasing growth of automobile production, it seems that in the creation of proper urban streets and roads and the lack of proper culture in developing societies, it brought results such as creating traffic congestion, reducing transportation efficiency, increasing travel time, pollution, and excessive fuel consumption. According to the statistics of the International Energy Agency in 2006, the transportation system accounted for 30% of the energy consumption and 61% of the world's crude oil consumption [22]. After the emergence of major problems in this direction and the occurrence of disturbances in urban traffic; The authorities have just come to the conclusion that they should think about the traffic and its consequences.

The increasing number of personal vehicles due to the growing number of resources and facilities and the ease of obtaining a personal car has led to discussions about the intolerance of the existing transportation system [4]. Traffic is a complex and difficult problem that requires scientific and practical tactics to solve it, and to solve it, it requires basic infrastructure, and most importantly, it should be thought of solving it a long time ago. However, with the help of the police and by increasing the fleet of public transportation services, the municipalities can reduce the traffic load in times of crisis.

It is no secret that one of the major problems in the transportation network is the management of stationary traffic, which has become one of the main problems of big cities today. The reason why this problem has not been paid attention to over time is that traffic engineers have paid more attention to the management of current traffic and have neglected the management of parking lots [8].

Today, with the help of information technology and intelligent traffic management methods, it is used to solve traffic problems and meet people's needs and desires [1]. Using these methods gives us different ways to control and reduce traffic.

The main axes of traditional organizing in recent years have been:

         1- Free construction of highways

         2- Widening of free roads

         3- Limiting traffic

          4- Increasing public transportation fleet

Each of the above methods have limitations, as a result of which they have lost their ability to solve traffic problems, and the need for intelligent systems becomes essential.

Other than cultural efforts and the construction of new highways and roads, other solutions have also been considered in the world. In the field of designing systems without a driver or a driver's assistant, we have seen many researches and products, each of which has somehow tried to increase the driver's ability to understand the environment. Until now, due to various reasons including legal issues, driverless automatic cars have not been made public; But the technology of intelligent transportation systems can be used as an assistant to the driver and not instead of the driver [9].

Today, the use of intelligent transportation technologies has increased significantly in developed and developing countries. The advantage of these systems is reducing the possibility of human error and the mechanization of traffic control, which increases the capacity and improves the safety of the traffic network [2]. But one of the solutions to the big traffic problem in all the cities of the world is to use smart public transportation fleet and expand it, especially subway and bus. But due to the lack of available land per person and city, planning is lagging behind and hence the problem of parking becomes increasingly acute. Especially in the city center areas, the possibility of new or special parking lots being built is low. Smart parking refers to parking lots that can be controlled and monitored by a mechanized system and provide ease of work for the driver. Intelligent parking management technologies may provide a cost-effective means to define nearby parking restrictions at transfer stations. Smart parking can also help drivers to identify, reserve and pay for parking. Since the early 1970s, smart parking was implemented in Europe, the UK and Japan, these systems are still widely used and have become an essential part of parking in major cities. Smart parks with more complexity consider more advanced technologies to provide customers' demands. Smart payment systems such as smart parking meters, smart cards, mobile communication and internet parking may also be considered. In its most comprehensive and simplest form, smart parking allows an optimization of existing parking spaces in order to satisfy the needs of customers. For example, all of these mentioned items are used to minimize the time customers spend trying to find a parking space, provide real-time information on parking spaces, and provide smart payment options.

In general, there is no specific definition of smart parking lots, as in various articles, according to the system used in the parking lot, special definitions have been considered for smart parking lots.