Studying the relationship between the use of information and communication technology and the empowerment of employees of the central organization of Islamic Azad University

Dissertation for Master's degree

(M.A)

Government management with a focus on transformation management

Abstract:

In the present research, under the title of studying the relationship between the use of ICT and the empowerment of employees from the perspective of all staff in the central organization of the Islamic Azad University, the objectives of the research include the main goal of the research to determine the relationship between the use of information and communication technology and the empowerment of the employees of the central organization of Azad University. Its sub-section includes (8) objectives that determine the relationship between information and communication technology with the dimensions of employee empowerment, including improving the quality of employee performance, independence and work freedom of employees, increasing the responsibility of decision-making by employees, increasing the diversity of employees' jobs, increasing the self-control of employees, increasing the readiness of employees (ability and desire) and the professional development of employees, as well as determining the greatest relationship between the dimensions of empowerment and information technology. In addition, the objectives of the research were also proposed in the form of the main hypothesis and sub-hypotheses of the research. The descriptive research method is of the correlation-survey type. The statistical population consists of 225 people, of whom 143 people were selected as a statistical sample through stratified sampling proportional to the size of the population. And the measuring tool of the research is a questionnaire that has 15 questions for the information and communication technology variable and 35 questions for empowerment, and in total, a 50-question questionnaire was prepared as a standard. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the said questionnaire and its distribution and collection Among all the present employees, he analyzed the information on two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics and using statistical techniques, the research hypotheses were tested, finally the main hypothesis and the sub-hypotheses of the research were confirmed.

Key words: information and communication technology, employee empowerment, Azad University.

Chapter 1

Overview of the plan

Introduction

Information is one of the most valuable inputs of the organization. Valuable information increases the reliability and stability of human resources, and their lack causes uncertainty and instability in the organization. Today, information in organizations is collected, processed and stored through information technology. In the past, most information was available in the form of documents, and was given to a specific person. Therefore, information technology has removed this limitation. In the management literature, the vital artery of the organization is (information network) and the blood flowing in it (information). (Hammer, Champi [1], 1378, p. 131)

Today, the progress of societies from various scientific and technological dimensions has taken on an explosive and uncontrollable trend in such a way that every day the world witnesses the discovery and invention of tools and means of explaining methods, structures and processes, without the use of which it is not possible to solve organizational problems and problems. Equip yourself with new knowledge and technology. Therefore, at some point in time, they may have the necessary knowledge and skills to face organizational phenomena, but noticeable and hasty scientific changes will quickly make their knowledge and skills obsolete, and the reconstruction and renewal of their knowledge and experiences to adapt to the changes is necessary. (Izadi Samad, Karimi Suleiman, the impact of information technology training courses on performance improvement, Management Research Journal No. 4, 2017)

In today's world, the development of science and technology has affected all social activities. One of the prominent characteristics of this age - which has been called the post-industrial age - is the replacement of research knowledge and human capital with other factors of production; As a result, all organizations seek to survive using the most humane, efficient and flexible methods. In the meantime, skilled and experienced manpower is the most valuable wealth of any country and one of the most important indicators of the superiority of an organization over other organizations, because the life of any organization depends on the knowledge and skill of its human resources; That is, the more optimal this force is, the greater the ability of the organization to adapt to the changing environment. The environmental challenges of today's era in terms of rapid technological development, increasing customer expectations and the need for flexibility have forced the organization to search for a way to continue its survival. In the meantime, many organizations have recognized the solution in the implementation of empowerment programs and have tried to empower them by implementing these programs, while paying attention to the variables affecting people's feelings.In the meantime, many organizations have recognized the solution in the implementation of empowerment programs and have tried to implement these programs, while paying attention to the variables affecting people's feelings, using their empowerment to remove internal and external obstacles and create the necessary ground for cultivating capable employees. (Sarfarazi, Shah Hosseini, Empowerment solution, research paper 86, 90)

In general, employee empowerment brings certain attitudinal and behavioral consequences for organizations and increases their ability in the field of foreign competition. So, the most important productivity factor in organizations and ultimately the whole society is human resources. There is no doubt that the prosperity of any society lies in improving the development of its human resources, and this is the reason why the officials of organizations pay special attention to the development of employees with the help of behavioral and human resources specialists. One of the most important concepts in line with the growth of human resources is employee empowerment. (same source)

Since the successful performance of organizations in the group of management tasks means: planning, organizing, leading and controlling, and the performance of such tasks also depends on informing the management, therefore, the progress of organizations without having information tools and acquiring the necessary skills in the field of information technology application, as well as informing employees and managers to empower them in their work, is impossible. (Stoner, Freeman[2], 2016, p. 13)

In recent years, the concept of empowerment has attracted the attention of all those involved in the affairs of the organization. Empowerment has been used as a human resource strategy to create more efficiency, productivity and satisfaction of employees in their work environment. Shert Wegerer (1994) believes that empowerment is the opportunities given to people for autonomy, choice, responsibility and participation in organizational decision-making. Terlaxen[3] Empowerment is the process of changing the performance of employees from what they are told to do to what is needed. (Andrew Sekius [4], 2003, p. 262)

1-1-Statement of the problem:

Today, in every organization, the use of information and communication technology and information systems is discussed and they talk about its benefits and losses. It is natural that technology becomes important as a more cost-effective way compared to traditional methods, so managers should measure the impact and role of information technology on the organization's productivity, and its extent. Determining the amount of this research is one of the important concerns of organizational decision makers. Information technology plays a vital role in the continued survival of the organization, and this allows managers to control and coordinate complex structures with fast information processing. And it makes the performance of the organization to be done with coherence and quick feedback. (Mehrinejad, 1381, pp. 227-224)

According to the rapid transformations of human knowledge and information, everything is changing and evolving. Organizations interact with the environment as an open system. And for the continuation of life, they need to respond to environmental changes. Since human resources are considered the most important factor and axis of organizations, the equipment and preparation of said resources to face changes are of special importance, and all organizations with any type of mission should dedicate the most capital, time and program to the cultivation of human beings in different dimensions. (Jafarzadeh, 1386, p. 44)

Many organizations have recognized the solution to this problem is the implementation of empowerment programs and have tried to provide the necessary ground for training capable employees. (Mohammadi, 1381, p. 160)

Today, information is one of the main and valuable resources of any organization. Just as human resources, raw materials, and machinery play an essential role in the process of producing goods and services, information also has a special place. (Javadin, 1386, p. 1053)

It is one of the most valuable inputs of any information organization. Information is considered as an asset for the organization, and with the most valuable information, it increases confidence, the organization is unable to do things without access to information. In order to empower employees, different tools are needed, such as authority, which means having freedom of action for employees to achieve the goals of the organization, knowledge, which means having the right tools and information to make the right decision to assign work or a task that is important and leads to fundamental results. The relationship between this technology and the empowerment of headquarters staff.