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Investigating the barriers to the establishment of electronic government in Ardabil gas company

Number of pages: 144 File Format: word File Code: 31260
Year: 2013 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Management
Tags/Keywords: Electronic government - Establishment of electronic government - Technology development
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  • Summary of Investigating the barriers to the establishment of electronic government in Ardabil gas company

    Dissertation for Master's Degree in Executive Management

    Marketing Field

    Abstract

    Technology development is one of the most important features of the new era. Electronic government means the adoption of technologies by the government in order to increase the efficiency and productivity of public services, and identifying obstacles is one of the important prerequisites for the successful implementation of electronic government. The aim of the current research is to investigate the obstacles to the establishment of electronic government in the gas company of Ardabil province. This issue will help the managers to know the obstacles to the establishment of e-government and take action to remove the related limitations and obstacles. In this regard, it refers to 6 groups of managerial, organizational, technical, human, financial and environmental obstacles with 29 sub-indices, based on which 6 hypotheses are designed. The current research is a descriptive and survey study. In this research, 193 people were selected as a statistical sample from among all computer users in Ardabil gas company using Cochran sampling method and a questionnaire tool was used to collect data. To analyze the data of this research, two methods of Student's t-test (to test hypotheses) and Friedman's variance analysis test (to rank obstacles) have been used. The results of the current research indicated that, except for technical and managerial factors, other factors are considered as obstacles to the establishment of electronic government in Ardabil gas company, and environmental factors were recognized as the most important obstacles. Also, "low internet speed" was determined to be the most important obstacle among the indicators under the set of main factors.

    Key words: information technology, e-government, management factors, organizational factors, human factors, financial factors, technical factors, environmental factors

    1-1- Introduction

    Entering the 21st century and the information age has been accompanied by very serious challenges and concerns, so that none of the designed development programs and new technologies of the 20th century have been able to make a decisive impact on solving these issues and the consequences of their occurrence (Kelly [1], 2003). But according to many experts, researchers, managers and the government of men, the revolution of information technology can play an essential role in facing these challenges (Mournan [2], 2002, p. 12). One of the most important opportunities that this technology presents to statesmen and managers is the possibility of re-engineering, architecture and increasing accessibility, strengthening the efficiency and making the government more responsive, the use of which in the governance process has led to the emergence and stabilization of a reality called electronic government [3], which is a requirement for the governance of governments in information societies (Bakas [4], 2001, p. 5).  

    Several factors provide the ground for the establishment of e-government and lead the public sector towards its implementation, which include:

    A) The growth of technology, especially information technology and telecommunication bandwidth: Information technology is a symbol of the present age, which is growing at an increasing and exponential rate and has left and will leave a tremendous impact on all phenomena, including the government and government institutions (Naqdi Fardhashemian, 2013).

    b) Increasing the investment of economic enterprises in the information technology sector and adapting it to their needs and conditions: economic enterprises have made large investments in the field of information technology, and the government sector is also obliged to invest in this field in order to respond to the current conditions and reduce the gap between the private and public sectors.   

    C) The growth of the use of the Internet and getting people used to using it: The Internet is one of the unique phenomena of the 20th century, which, while having a great impact on people's lives, has also resulted in countless benefits that have caused its increasing use and popularity (Burke [5], 2000). It is changing more and more and the governments must respond to these needs and expectations (Kelly, 2003).

    e) Globalization: Globalization forces governments to establish an electronic government in order to sell goods and services as well as export culture and introduce themselves to other cultures and civilizations (Bakas, 2001, p. 5).

    The studies conducted on information technology and communication programs of different countries indicate that countries such as the United States of America, England, Holland, China, Singapore and even Namibia and Nepal have seriously put the use of electronic government on their agenda and are trying to make huge changes in the way of providing public services at an increasing speed (Bourke, 2000).  But these governments have a long way to go to reach their final and ideal goals.   

    1-2- Statement of the problem

    With the increasing expansion of information and communication technology in all departments and organizations and its observation in most activities, there have been huge changes in the way work is carried out.  Information technology has transformed the way of doing things electronically.  Information technology has transformed the paper-based and traditional way of doing work into digital and electronic form, and this change has shortened the time to access information and changed the way of money and information exchanges.  The field of electronic government, as one of the sub-fields of information technology, today has made it possible for governments to provide the information and services needed by the society simply, quickly and efficiently in the minimum time and at the lowest cost using modern information technologies (Qurbani and Alilou, 2010, pp. 44-46).

    Nowadays, the emergence of information and communication technologies has provided wide opportunities for growth and development in countries.  In such a way that countries are forced to use them in order to remain stable in the current world.  Currently, trade and commerce benefit the most from the existence and development of such technologies, but governments have also used information and communication technologies in many aspects, and they have received positive and appropriate results.  Governments intend to use the existing potential in the use of such technologies to advance new dimensions and bring economic and social improvement. Just as new technologies have now been able to create significant changes in the way the business sector works and processes, their use in the government can also be very useful.  Considering that information and communication technologies bring many benefits such as saving time, ease of communication and interaction, and saving money, their use in some activities will lead to expectations, so that the expectations in the way of doing activities and interactions will rise and people want to use them in their other activities to achieve more benefits.  For this purpose, governments should shape their structure and how to conduct activities and interactions; re-engineer, in such a way that they use information and communication technologies and improve their work processes in order to improve the way of providing services to the contacts and meet their needs.  Electronic government is also one of the terms that is the result of the application of information and communication technologies in the government.  Electronic government is the concept of using the potential of information and communication technologies in shaping the structure and working processes of the government at all levels in order to improve the performance of the government and provide better services to the audience (Ahmadian, 2010).  Because in this era, it has brought many electronic phenomena with it (Grow [6], 2003).  Among them, we can mention e-commerce, e-banking, e-learning, e-procurement, e-citizenship and finally e-government and e-life in general. 

    E-government is a combination of information technology and web information network, which aims to provide direct services to citizens, business sectors and employees and other government sectors.  This phenomenon appeared with the beginning of the digital revolution (Ekot-Oma and Kaffri [7], 2000).  At that time, many government units and organizations provided a wide range of resources, publications and databases as real government services to citizens. This function increased the efficiency and effectiveness of government systems, the way of serving people and gaining public satisfaction on a large scale (West [8], 2000).

  • Contents & References of Investigating the barriers to the establishment of electronic government in Ardabil gas company

    List:

    Abstract .. 1

    The first chapter: General research

    1-1 introduction.. 2

    1-2 statement of the problem. 3

    1-3 The importance and necessity of the subject. 6

    1-4 research objectives. 6

    1-4-1 Ideal goals. 6. 1-4-2 Special objectives. 7.

    1-5 research questions. 7

    1-5-1 Main questions. 7

    1-5-2 sub-questions. 7.

    1-6 research hypotheses. 7.1-7 conceptual definitions. 8

    1-7-1 Electronic government. 8

    1-7-2 management factors. 8

    1-7-3 organizational factors. 8

    1-7-4 technical factors. 8

    1-7-5 Human factors. 9

    1-7-6 Financial factors. 9

    1-7-7 environmental factors. 9.

    1-8 operational definitions. 10

    1-9 research area. 10

    1-9-1 Subject area of ??research. .11

    1-9-2 Spatial territory. . 11

    1-9-3 Time realm. 11.

    10-10 theoretical framework and conceptual model of research. 11. The second chapter: An overview of the conducted research

    2-1 Introduction. 13

    2-2 First part: the government 14

    2-2-1 Definition of government. 14

    2-2-2 background of government formation. 14

    2-3 second part: Information technology. 15

    2-3-1 Definition of information and communication technology. 15

    2-3-2 background of information technology. 15

    2-4, the third part: Electronic government. 15

    2-4-1 How to form the electronic government. 15

    2-4-2 The nature of electronic government. 16

    2-4-3 Definition of electronic government. 17

    2-4-4 characteristics of electronic government. 18

    2-4-5 Identification of electronic government services. 19

    2-4-6 Applications of electronic government. 20

    2-4-7 The structure of electronic government. 22

    2-4-8 reasons for the trend towards electronic government. 23

    2-4-9 Advantages of electronic government. 27

    2-4-10 E-government step-by-step implementation patterns. 29

    2-4-11 electronic government models. 43

    2-4-12 electronic readiness assessment models.    45

    2-4-13 infrastructures and requirements for the implementation of electronic government.    46

    2-4-14 Comparison of traditional government or bureaucratic government with electronic government. 49

    2-4-15 Evolution stages of electronic government. 50

    2-4-16 Effects of not creating electronic government. 51

    2-4-17 obstacles of electronic government. .     51

    2-4-18 Electronic government indicators.  58

    2-4-19- Electronic government and the country of Iran. 59

    2-4-20- Electronic government index in Iran. 62

    2-21- Background of the conducted research.   65

    2-22- Summary of theoretical foundations. 67

    The third chapter: Materials and methods

    3-1- Introduction 69

    3-2-Research method 69

    3-3- Population and statistical sample. 70

    3-4- Statistical sample and sampling method. 70

    3-5- Information gathering tools. 71

    3-6- How to compile a questionnaire. 71

    3-7-Questionnaire validity.        72

    3-8- Reliability.. 73

    3-9 - Statistical methods. 79

    3-10- Data analysis method.  74

    Chapter Four: Results

    4-1- Introduction. 75

    4-2- Descriptive findings. 75      

    4-2-2- gender variable. 76

    4-2-1- age variable. 76

    4-2-3- Education level variable. 77

    4-2-4- work experience variable. 77

    4-3- Kolmogorov and Smirnov test. 78

    4-4- Inferential findings. 78

    4-4-1- Analysis of hypotheses using one-sample test. 78

    4-4-2- Friedman test. 82

    The fifth chapter: Discussion and conclusion

    5-1- Introduction. 90

    5-2- Discussion and conclusion of the descriptive statistics of the research. 90

    5-3- Discussion and conclusion of inferential research statistics. 90

    5-3-1- Environmental obstacles (factors). 93

    5-3-2- Financial obstacles (factors). 94

    5-3-3- Human obstacles (factors). 94

    5-3-4- Organizational barriers (factors). 95

    5-4- Research proposals. 100

    5-5- Limitations. 100

    5-6- Comparison of research results. 101

    Appendix .. 102

    Resources .. 129

    English abstract. 135

     

     

     

    Source:

    Persian sources:

    Azer A and Momeni M. 1380. Statistics and its application in management. The second volume.  Tehran: Semit Publications, fifth edition. 304 pages.  Ahmadian H. 1380. Electronic government: a way with a plan or without a plan.  Mazandaran Management and Planning Organization.

    [online]: http://www. mpo-mz.ir

    Ahmadi Qochan Atiq R, Ahmadi Qochan Atiq M. 0 139.  Electronic government.   Electronic and Computer Trade Monthly, No. 62: 62-43.

    Aghdasi M, Hadizadeh M.  1383.  A framework for the implementation of electronic government.  Journal of administrative delivery, 7th period, number 43: 21-59.

    Irannejad Parisi M.  2018. Research methods in social sciences.  Tehran: Editors Publishing House, second edition.  320 pages.  2016. A look at the process of e-government formation and the challenges facing it.  Journal of Jurisprudence and Law, No. 9:94-59. R.  1378. The role of the government in the changing world. Tehran: Publications of the Institute of Business Studies and Research, 456 pages.

    Jalali A.  2014. About how to implement electronic government.  Information and communication technology analysis site.

    [ online ]: http://itanalyze. com/news/2005/05/02/687. php

    Hafiz Nia M.R.  1382.  An introduction to research methods in humanities. 9th edition, Tehran: Somit Publications, 344 pages.  2013. The virtual strategy of government building: the most important challenge facing the administrative system in the fourth development plan.  Journal of Management and Development, No. 58:

    Kharaei M, Ardabili M, Najafi A. 1374. Report of the 15th Congress of Criminal Law.  Journal of Legal Research, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University.  2013. Electronic government.  Tadbir Monthly, No. 146: 17-22. Riahi H. R. 2013. Electronic government; Purpose or excuse.  Tekfa Monthly, No. 8: 91-52. [online] http://www. Irannsr. org/services/magzin_takfa

    Aftab Yazd newspaper.  1388. Number: 2833 dated 03/11/88, page 5 (Economic).

    Ardabil province telecommunications website. 2013.

    http://www. ardabiltelecom. ir/HomePage.                                                                aspx?TabID=3754&Site=ArdabilPortal&Lang=fa-IR

    Sephari M. R. 1381. The role of information technology in the development of human resources and increasing job productivity.  Work and Society Journal, No. 43: 4-13.

    Sardari A.  2018. The process of e-government formation and forward-looking strategies in Iran.  Perspectives of Management, No. 30: 181-200. 1381. Research methods in management.  Translated by M. Saibi and M. Shirazi, Tehran: Publications of the Higher Institute of Management and Planning Education and Research, third edition. 532 pages.

    Sif A. A. 1380. Educational measurement and evaluation methods.  Duran publications, sixth edition. 265 pages.

    Shah Mansouri A. 2014. Effects and challenges of information and communication technology in the field of employment.  Researcher magazine.  Number 2: 8-22. Shafazand M. H. 2017. Electronic government.  Electronic government course booklet, Shahid Beheshti University.  

    Shams A. H.  2016. A comment on the consequences of electronic government with a managerial-legal perspective.  Publications of the Higher Institute of Education and Research, Management and Planning, first edition, 194 pages.

    Safari H. 2016. Measuring the maturity of e-government in the Ministry of Commerce of Iran - Fuzzy approach.  Danesh Management Journal, No. 77: 61-80. 

    Ali Ahmadi A., Shams Iraqi S. 1382. Information technology and its applications. Tehran: Tohd Danesh Publications, second edition.  208 pages. 

    Gholamzadeh M. R. 1380. Investigating the effects of information technology on organizational structure.  Master's thesis, University of Tehran University of Qom Azad College of Higher Education. Faqihi H, Yaqoubi N. 2013. Electronic government: choice or compulsion.  Qom: Higher Education Complex of Qom, management culture magazine, number 5:44-29. 2014. Electronic government, re-creation of the government in the information age. Tehran: Termeh Publications, 192 pages.  Qurbani S., Alilou R. 2018. The role of information and communication technology in the development of electronic government.  Electronic and Computer Trade Monthly, No. 62: 44-46.

    Qalipour, Tawfighi Rekhi Gh. R.  2018. Investigating the obstacles to creating electronic government in Iran, focusing on the problems related to monetary and financial exchanges through the financial network in the country.  Research paper on executive management, 9th year, second half of 2018.

    Kahermani G. 2012. Investigating the obstacles to the creation and expansion of electronic government in Iran.  Master's thesis, Faculty of Accounting and Management, University of Tehran. Matani M.  2016. Basics of research method in management.  Ghaemshahr: Mehral Nabi, 256 pages. Mahmoudi Menesh M. R. and Manochehri. 2016. A review of electronic government concepts.

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