Examining the role of typography in movie titles

Number of pages: 332 File Format: word File Code: 30949
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Art - Graphics
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    Dissertation to receive Master degree (M.A)

    Trend: visual communication

    Dissertation abstract (including summary, objectives, implementation methods and obtained results):

    The objectives of this research is to examine the capabilities of Persian typography in relation to the titles of cinematographic films, because through typography it is also possible to create a space that fits the space of the film in its titles in order to create a sensation in the viewer, and since The title is also a part of the film and in other words an introduction to its atmosphere, so the design of the title and its fit with the atmosphere of the film can be very influential in the success of the work and make it last in the viewer's mind. The use of typography is common in other graphic media and is seen far more often, but in the case of titles of Iranian cinema films, very few examples can be mentioned that show the visual values ??of letters in addition to the information aspect. Therefore, the design of this issue causes more attention to the use of typography in the design of titles.

    The present research has been done through library and documentary methods, as well as interviews with experts in this field. In this research, the topic of typography and the capabilities of Persian writing is studied, and in another part, moving graphics are examined in terms of the method of visual expression in the title, and at the end, the characteristics and details of making a title are presented. According to the results obtained from this research, the use of writing in such a way as to reveal concepts beyond letters and to be used simultaneously in the place of image and writing, improves the level of visual literacy as well as the audience's expectation of cultural and artistic products and ultimately leads to the improvement and progress of these products.

    Abstract

    Many movies around the world have been made with similar themes. What differentiates these works is the difference in the directors' approach to filmmaking and the depiction of the desired subject. A movie is made up of several parts and different specialties are used to produce it. One of the parts of the movie is its title. All the credits contain the names of the actors and people involved in the film, but the captioning can also be distinguished and prominent with a different designer's perspective.

    In this research, by looking at the history and classification of the credits, as well as studying its types, techniques and characteristics, the effective factors in the performance of the captioning have been examined and the correspondences between the two arts of graphics and cinema have been discussed. to be Animated graphics is a branch that is very effective in this field and is widely used in the creation of titles. In a part of this research, the history and inventions in the motion picture industry, its production techniques and also the role of motion graphics in film titling have been discussed.

    Generally, graphics play a significant role in the design of titles and many visual elements are involved in making titles. One of these elements, which is an integral part of the title, is writing. Therefore, for a suitable design, it is necessary to know the characteristics and capabilities of letters. In this research, the discussion of typography and visual communication, the basis of type design in Persian and Arabic languages, the classification of fonts, the morphology of Persian writing and so on. has been examined.

    The result obtained from the present research represents the wide field of typography application in the design of captioning and it raises the point that typography does not only have an informational aspect, but in addition, by using the capabilities of letters, it is possible to design a visual space suitable for movie captioning and reveal the visual values ??of the text.

    Key words

    Captioning, typography, graphics, film

    Introduction

    Art has always served mankind and mankind has always served art. Art plays a role in various aspects of human life. Art for art's sake, art in industry, art as decoration and beauty, art to communicate, etc.

    Looking at history, we find out that humans have used art even to express their innermost feelings and needs. The paintings of the caves show well that the first man used art for his various purposes without any educational background.The first human used painting to practice hunting or attack against aliens, and this use somehow defines the practical aspect of art from the very beginning. The pictures inside the caves show the life and problems of the first man, and in fact, humans have used pictures to express their innermost feelings and desires. Over time and with experience, man was able to acquire letters. Today's alphabets are the result of a long path that calligraphy has taken, from pictorial to coded letters and then to alphabetic letters.

    The evolution of calligraphy shows man's effort to express his words and thoughts, and the necessity of calligraphy and letters has been increasing for a long time. Today, writing is present in all aspects of life. Letters have a strong presence in different forms in clothes, ornaments, handicrafts and even interior decoration. Also witness their use in poster design, magazines and publications, websites, television and cinema, virtual spaces and so on. we are Therefore, letters are not separated from today's life. Due to the huge and multifaceted use of letters, the need to know their capabilities is felt more than ever. According to the things that have been said, in this research, I have examined the writing first. I have also studied the possibilities and capabilities of Persian letters. In another part of this discussion, I have tried to examine the letters both in the position of the line and in the position of the image and how these two are related and used.

    During the examination of the letters, more than anything, their presence in the graphic works is evident so that perhaps it is not possible to imagine the graphic work without letters. With the advancement of knowledge and technology, today more than any other time in history, we see the presence and use of graphics in the world around us. If we review one day of our life from morning to night, we will notice the presence of graphics throughout one day of our life. Examining the wide range of graphic applications needs to be categorized, because even though graphics is an art field, it includes many branches and is somehow present in other artistic and even literary fields. We have witnessed, but the field of application of animated graphics is also very wide and perhaps more attractive. Today, animated graphics have a stronger presence in everyday life, because they are used in mobile phone applications, computer games, websites, television, cinema, etc. We constantly see the use of animated graphics. Therefore, animated graphics have covered a large part of human daily life. Here, there is a need to know more about this graphic branch. Therefore, in another part, I have studied the element of movement, which has always been attractive to mankind, as well as his understanding of this element and its effect on the formation of moving images. In this section, the realms of static and moving graphics, visual perception of movement, the process of formation and transformation of moving image, techniques of moving image production and its application. It is explained in detail.

    One of the applications of motion graphics is in cinema and movies. Today, various motion graphics techniques are used both in the course of film production and in the making of its titles. Just as movies have changed a lot since the beginning of the history of cinema, the titles of movies have also changed along with cinema. Today's technology provides facilities for the title designer to implement any idea. The basic point in animated graphics is the use of the element of movement. Motion can give visual elements capabilities so that the final effect is both visually attractive and appropriate in terms of matching the theme.

    In another part of this research, various interpretations and a brief history of film titling in world and Iranian cinema, the characteristics of titling, the necessity and issues of producing titles, the types and techniques of its production, a look at the works of top designers in this field, and also during an interview the points of view of the director, screenwriter and prominent producer of Iranian and world cinema, Mr. Mr. Asghar Farhadi has been given in detail.

  • Contents & References of Examining the role of typography in movie titles

    List:

    Introduction..1

    Chapter One: Outline of the Plan

    1-1 Statement of the problem. 4

    1-2 Importance of the research topic and the reasons for its selection. 5

    1-3 Research questions or hypotheses. 5

    1-4 Research objectives. Research theory.7

    1-7 Research background.7

    Chapter two: theoretical studies

    About typography

    2-1 writing..8

    2-2 calligraphy.11

    2-3 Gutenberg galaxy.13

    2-4 typography.17

    2-5 type and Typeface. 24

    2-5-1 What points should be observed in your typing? 26

    A

    2-6 The basis of typing in the West. 29

    2-6-1 Pattern structure. 30

    2-7 Gridding. 35

    2-8 Typography and visual communication. 36

    2-9 The beginning of Arabic types and Persian. 39

    2-10 The basis of type design in Arabic and Farsi. 40

    2-11 Determining hierarchy and valuing contents. 43

    2-12 Classification of Persian fonts. 45

    2-12-1 Text types. 46

    2-12-2 Header types. 46

    2-12-3 Type Displayed Form. 46

    2-13 Spacing. 47

    2-13-1 Spacing and spaces left from lead types. 47

    2-13-2 Spacing of form and anti-form - darkness and negative space - within the text. 47

    2-13-3 The space between words and the stream phenomenon. 48

    2-13-4 Spacing between Line/visual distance between lines. 51

    2-14 Morphology of Persian writing. 51

    2-14-1 Classification of Persian expressions based on their place in the word part. 53

    2-14-2 Ride of word parts. 54

    2-14-3 Ride of Persian signs. 55

    2-14-4 Structure and form of words. 56

    2-15 Typography goals.59

    2-16 Typography capabilities.62

    B

    2-16-1 Helping to place the writing and topic in the mind and memory of the audience.62

    2-16-2 Making the writing objective and tangible.63

    2-16-3 Arousing the audience's curiosity in order to understand visual capacities. Writing. 63

    2-16-4 Putting the audience's imagination beyond the writing. 63

    2-17 Color and hierarchy of typography. 64

    2-18 Content..66

    2-19 Combination of letters and image. Picture. 72

    2-22 Form..74

    2-22-1 Form proximity and fit.74

    2-22-2 Form conflict.75

    2-22-3 Form Alternation.76

    2-22-4 Form Combination Form Combination.78

    2-22-5 Form Substitution Substitution. 79

    2-22-6 Visualization. 80

    2-22-7 Decoration and abstraction. 81

    2-23 Methods of sensitizing letters. 82

    2-23-1 Positive and negative. 82

    2-23-2 Abbreviation, removing parts of letters. 82

    2-23-3 Repeating a A letter or a part of a letter in the whole composition of the word. 83

    2-23-4 Overlapping or contact of letters. 84

    2-23-5 The sequence of all or part of the letters of a word. 84

    C

    2-23-6 Changing the size from strong to weak or from dark to light. 85

    2-23-7 Placement of letters in a set of Levels. 85

    2-23-8 Adding visual elements to the word or a letter of the word. 86

    2-23-9 Designing new letters. 86

    2-23-10 Specializing - emphasizing part of the word or letters. 86

    2-23-11 Writing without prior thought - impromptu. 87

    2-23-12 Working with (point) in the composition of a writing. 87

    2-23-13 Creating rhythm in word composition. 87

    2-23-14 Creating balance in the word. 88

    2-23-15 Using color. 88

    2-23-16 Including in a format. 89

    2-23-17 Working with numbers. 90

    2-23-18 depth.91

    2-23-19 connection.95

    2-24 use of letters in designing the title and title of the film.96

    2-25 summary of the chapter.106

    Chapter three: methodology (methodology)

    About moving graphics

    3-1 Introduction. 108

    3-2 visual perception. 115

    3-3 motion and time. 118

    d

    3-3-1 time. 119

    3-3-2 factors of seeing motion (light and its reflection). Philosophy. 121

    3-3-5 Movement in myth. 123

    3-3-6 Movement in visual communication. 125

    3-3-7 The spirit of movement in Iranian calligraphy. 126

    3-3-8 Movement in different periods. 128

    3-4 History128

    3-4 History and inventions in the motion picture industry.135

    3-4-1 Zoetrope.135

    3-4-2 Tomatrope.136

    3-4-3 Perxinoscope.137

    3-4-4 Flip Book.138

    3-4-5 Motoscope. 139

    3-4-6 19th century and new perspectives in the motion picture industry. 139

    3-4-7 animation. 144

    3-4-8 experimental animation. 148

    3-5 motion picture production techniques. 149

    3-5-1 frame-by-frame animation. 149

    3-5-2 Cell animation. 150

    3-5-3 directly on the film. 151

    3-5-4 Free Hand animation. 152

    3-5-5 stop-motion. 154

    E

    3-5-6 pixelation.

    3-6 moving graphics in film titling.156

    3-7 chapter summary.164

    Chapter four: analysis

    about movie titling

    4-1 introduction.165

    4-2 different interpretations about the definition of titling.166

    4-3 history of titling in world cinema and Iran.170

    4-3-1 Titling in world cinema.170

    4-3-2 Titling in European cinema.176

    4-3-3 Titling in Iranian cinema.177

    4-4 Classification of titling.192

    4-4-1 Opening credits.192

    4-4-2 Titles Credit. 193

    4-4-3 Final credits. 194

    4-4-4 Comparison of film and television credits. 196

    4-5 Characteristics of a good title. 200

    4-5-1 Creativity. 201

    4-5-2 Catchiness and attractiveness. Spacing. 204

    And

    4-5-4 Connecting the credits to the film. 205

    4-5-5 Coordinating the beginning and end credits. 211

    4-5-6 Matching the font type with the film space. 212

    4-5-7 Readability. 214

    4-5-8 Timing Title. 220

    4-5-9 image; Synchronized with the sound. 222

    4-5-10 Edit credits. 226

    4-6 Necessity of designing titles for the film. 231

    4-7 Issues of making titles. 233

    4-8 Types of titles. 241

    4-9 Techniques of making titles. 247

    4-9-1 Captions and fixes. Frame. 248

    4-9-2 Engraving on the film. 250

    4-9-3 Moving graphics. 251

    4-9-4 Animation. 252

    4-10 Correspondences of cinema and graphics. 253

    4-10-1 Matching the seat line in the graphics with the imaginary line in the cinema. 253

    4-10-2 Color matching In graphics with sound in cinema. 256

    4-11 Cinematic graphics. 257

    4-12 Titling in today's cinema. 259

    4-12-1. In Iranian cinema. 262

    4-13 A look at the works of top designers. 265

    Z

    4-14 Interview with Mr. Asghar Farhadi

    (screenwriter, director and producer). 287

    4-15 Chapter summary. 292

    Chapter Five: Conclusion Conclusion 5-1. 294. Practical project. 300. Sources and references. 303. Image resources. 306. English abstract. 307. Source:

    Abstract (Including summary, aims, performance methods and final results): Many movies around the world have been produced with similar themes. What differentiates these works from each other is the distinction between the directors' view on film production and the portrayal of the desirable theme. A film is comprised of numerous parts as various specialties are applied for its production. Title sequence is one of the various parts of a movie. All the title sequences consist of the entire cast and crew of movie yet a title sequence may be distinctive and outstanding through the different perspective of designer.

    The influential factors on performance of title sequence has been studied in this research with a look at the history and classification of title sequences as well as the study of their typology, techniques and features while the consistencies of the two arts of graphic and filmmaking have been discussed.

    Application of graphics in movies as well as the title sequence design is nowadays observed more than ever. Motion graphics has been quite influential in this area and it is a discipline widely applied in setting and creating the tone of the title.

Examining the role of typography in movie titles