An analysis of the location patterns of urban metro stations

Thesis for obtaining a master's degree in the department of geography and urban planning

Abstract

The growing population and the increase in the rate of ownership of rides and the increase in the flow of urban traffic have caused problems in the movement of passengers. One of the most important urban elements is the public transportation systems of cities. On the other hand, public transportation and passenger movement are mentioned as one of the most important factors of urban development. The optimal use of a transportation system depends on the identification of that system and its characteristics. The first important and necessary step in identifying the public transportation system of a city is to identify the location of the terminals. The efficiency of the public transportation system of a city depends on the places where the terminals are located. It is necessary and necessary to conduct analytical studies before using and exploiting the urban transportation system, and in this thesis we will analyze the location patterns of metro stations (Tabriz city). The way of establishing the terminals, compatibility with the uses around the environment and the neighbors will be investigated.

A) Introduction:

The increasing population growth and the increase in the rate of ownership of rides and the increase in the flow of urban traffic have caused problems in the movement of passengers. One of the most important urban elements is the public transportation systems of cities. On the other hand, public transportation and passenger movement are mentioned as one of the most important factors of urban development. The optimal use of a transportation system depends on the identification of that system and its characteristics. The first important and necessary step in identifying the public transportation system of a city is to identify the location of the terminals. The efficiency of the public transportation system of a city depends on the places where the terminals are located. It is necessary and necessary to conduct analytical studies before using and exploiting the urban transportation system, and in this thesis we will analyze the location patterns of metro stations (Tabriz city). The way of establishing the terminals, compatibility with the uses around the environment and the neighborhoods will be investigated.

Key words: evaluation, urban transportation system, terminals, metro, location, Tabriz

b) Statement of the problem

The rapid growth of urbanization in the last three decades with the ability to equip urban spaces and expand infrastructure

is not proportionate and create the required productive jobs. has not done Since the spatial distribution of cities and population has not been controlled within the framework of a comprehensive program that is based on sectoral and regional coordination, the problems caused by the rapid growth of the urban population have acquired complex dimensions. Overpopulation of cities, indiscriminate migration from the countryside to the city, the creation of densely populated marginal areas, lack of coherence and compliance with the issue of the neighborhood of different uses within the cities, lack of proper access to facilities, inappropriate placement of urban uses, etc. It is a problem that most of the cities of Iran are facing. (Rajabi, 1391: 125) Urban public spaces are one of the main components of the physical spatial structure and organization of the city and a platform for social interactions. The rapid growth of the population, the resulting physical changes, the influence of modernist views and the great attention to economic profit have destroyed the urban spaces and made the urban fabric more dense. Urban spaces of the past, such as takayas, squares, bazaars, and baths, which were places for people to gather, are no longer functional in the past under the influence of these changes and the transformation of standards, values, and traditions. The way to connect this network to the network of pedestrian and bicycle roads is defined by metro stations and its entrances. These connection points, i.e. stations, are new spaces within the fabric of cities that can be used to create dynamic urban spaces. The gathering of people and the subsequent emergence of activities around these emerging stations is inevitable and can completely change the context around it. Creating metro stations without considering the characteristics of the surrounding context and the needs and facilities it provides is considered a threat to the urban context and adds to the irregularities (Seyd Zadeh Kharazi, 2013: 41). Metro stations are one of the most important uses in cities. Considering the activities that take place in these spaces, these spaces are of significant importance compared to other uses of urban services. Terminals should be properly located in the city.Due to the rapid growth of urbanization on the one hand and the lack of a formal planning and management system in the cities of the country, urban services are facing countless issues and problems. The terminals of the urban transportation system, which are one of the important and vital uses of the city, are involved with problems. One of the important factors in the development of cities is the development of urban transportation. Urban traffic is the cause of environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels of vehicles, weather pollution, noise pollution, and also an important factor in the emergence of mental and emotional discomfort, along with the increase in commuting time and daily travel to do the daily work of the people of the society. These causes highlight the importance of public transportation system and optimal development and reduction of urban problems. Analyzing the location of these terminals, presenting the strengths and potentials of these terminals and the negative points of this location will play a very effective role in correctly understanding the metro system. One of the important issues of metro systems in cities is the location of the terminals of these systems (Bahrami, 2008). The quality of trips to and from stops and stations has a direct impact on the efficiency and quality of the public transportation system. The entire journey from home to destination and back should be seen in its entirety. Suitable walking and cycling paths and suitable facilities at stations during the day and night are important elements to ensure comfort and a sense of security (Yan Gol, 1936: 106).  In this way, different activities require suitable space and it is not possible to establish them in every urban area. In this research, considering the social and economic conditions; traffic and weather conditions, the evaluation of the location of metro terminals in the study city of Tabriz will be investigated, in such a way that individual stations will be studied in terms of their impact on economic and environmental prosperity and social effects, as well as the impact of these stations on reducing or increasing traffic in the area.

D) Importance and necessity of research:

Choosing the appropriate location of metro terminals for public transportation at the level of a city, especially a metropolis like Tabriz. It is of great importance. Studying the factors of this choice and evaluating the location of terminals is one of the important and necessary issues in the urban context of today. The importance and prestige of any city depends on its city services. The more these services and facilities are at the ideal level, the more comfortable conditions for citizens' lives and increase the satisfaction of citizens, which is one of the most important urban services of public transportation, especially urban metro. Therefore, research in evaluating the location of subway stations is of great importance. The importance of this research can be investigated in terms of the impact of this location in social issues. Also, the importance of this research is in terms of the impact of this location in the environment and the creation of various types of pollution in the environment and the investigation of human and machine traffic.  Also, the importance of this research from an economic point of view is that investigating the location of stations can lead to new ways and methods in the prosperity of the area around the stations.

r) Research background:

Effendizadeh Shahriar, locating new suburban bus terminals with the aim of reducing access time. In this study, researchers have used a mathematical model to locate and mark suitable areas for the establishment of terminals. The input parameters of this mathematical model include the demand for the use of suburban terminal facilities and the travel time on each of the arcs of the city's transportation network during peak traffic. In other words, the solution of the mathematical algorithm designed under the time limit of citizens' access to the facility is done.