Academic Thesis for the Master Degree "M.A". When the problem in a society reaches a certain limit, a person feels that he should seek a solution, and for this reason, he researches. The movement of people is considered one of the important pillars of life due to the complexity of daily life and people's employment and passing time. Spatial distance between the center of work and residence, the concentration of administrative affairs in provincial centers, tourist attractions in Gilan province, the transfer of various products to consumption centers and the desire of young people to study causes daily, monthly and seasonal traffic in the axes of different cities.
This research is also for the safety of road transport and the influence of climate factors on road transport, to investigate the relationship between the quality and accidents of road transport and climate factors in one of the communication axes in the north of the country, namely Dilman-Siahkol. has paid The main purpose of this research is to investigate the main role of climate in road transportation in order to investigate the relationship between climatic phenomena and geomorphology and road accidents, to determine accident-prone points in terms of climatic factors and to provide suggestions and solutions to increase the safety factor and road transportation.
Key words: climate, road transportation, accident
The country of Iran has a great civilization and a historical background of several thousand years and suitable climatic conditions of one in ten years. is the ancient and historical country of the world.
Gilan province is also due to its mild climate and suitable summer areas, including Dillman, which has always attracted the attention of nature lovers and we see a large number of travelers in this province and region. Also, due to the various climatic conditions and the geometrical shape of the road, slope, road twists and turns, topography, climate, and accommodation and welfare facilities and the permanence of tourists, this piece shows significant attention. In any case, in today's world, climatic conditions and transportation are very important, especially land routes are very significant in road transportation technology because many parts of the world and our country cannot use water and air transportation. The cost of traveling by plane is high and not all cities have an airport, but the majority of people can use road vehicles. The development of passenger car-bus-truck and lorry factories in the last few years and the provision of banking facilities for buyers and the production of more cars on the one hand and the spread of the culture of using leisure time (due to the mechanization of life and the growth of urban development and mental fatigue) on the other hand have increased road traffic in Iran day by day. Despite the increase of highways and the construction of more roads, many roads still do not have sufficient security and the accidents that occur in communication axes are still significant. According to the announcement of the medical examiner (in the first 3 months of 2013, about 6,000 thousand people were injured in car and motorcycle accidents, and about 64% of them were young people). It is obvious that if accidents lead to the death or serious injury of people, a significant part of the country's manpower is lost, and from an economic point of view, it imposes a lot of costs on the medicine and treatment sector, the workforce imposes on the country's budget. One of the important factors of accidents is the natural features such as the elevation and slope of mountainous areas, passes - floods - earthquakes, climatic elements such as rain - snow, fog, intense sunlight, night darkness and reduced visibility. and .) is Other factors can be considered human factors. Such as carelessness of drivers, problem of road management, lack of road signs and defects of vehicles, etc. Gilan province is one of the most populated provinces of the country. And because of its beautiful environmental elements, it has many tourist attractions. In this sense, the traffic in the axis of the province is considerable. The inner-city and outer-city axis of Dilman city is the connecting point between east and west of Gilan. For this reason, in this research, the factors of its accidents are investigated. The emphasis of this treatise is on the role and effect of climatic factors on the accidents of these Dillman axes. Because climatic elements, each can have an effect on road accidents in some way. In this effort, the order of priority of each element (based on the available data) has been determined.
On this basis, this dissertation has been compiled in 5 chapters to provide solutions and reduce and control accidents.
On this basis, this thesis is compiled in 5 chapters to provide solutions and reduce and control accidents. The first chapter is the general research, the second chapter is the theoretical basis of the research, the third chapter is the geographical characteristics of the study area, the fourth chapter is the research findings, and the fifth chapter is the summary, results and suggestions, and sources and references.
Chapter One - Research Overview
Problem Statement
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Research Objectives
Research Method
Research Limitation
Research Field
Reza Popular 2013 summer
1-1 Statement of the problem
Passage safety is one of the basic principles of traffic engineering and transportation planning, so that in all developed countries, with the development of other departments of traffic engineering, the issue of safety is also taken into consideration, and by conducting studies and providing the necessary measures, it has been tried to minimize the accidents and consequences resulting from it as much as possible. One of the significant issues in the planning and design of new roads and roads is the investigation of the effects of climatic phenomena on the local scale on road transportation, the goal is to ensure the permanent safety and health of users and also maintain the economic value of roads. In fact, roads are the vital arteries of society and are directly related to weather conditions, and its effects can be seen well on it. In such a way that if the weather conditions are suitable, the amount of traffic is reduced to a minimum or it causes the road to be closed.
The country of Iran includes a huge part of the Iranian Plateau, which is located in the middle latitudes of the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. The existence of topographic diversity in terms of extension and height has caused the characteristics of different regions to be different in terms of climatic parameters, and in fact, the topographical factor has changed different climatic characteristics. The country's road network passes through different parts of these mountain ranges and high altitudes, and most of the mountain roads in the north-west and center of Iran are covered with snow in the cold months of the year, and in terms of the extreme cold weather, the surface of the roads is slippery.
Gilan province due to heavy rains and other weather factors, and due to the irreparable life and financial risks and accidents caused by the bad weather in recent years, in most of the communication roads, especially in the areas In the mountainous region of the province, it is necessary to establish a network of road weather stations that can perform all monitoring and analysis programs required to provide services related to economic and social transportation. Therefore, the studied area is not excluded from this point of view, and it is necessary to study and investigate the climatic elements and their effect on the increase and decrease of road accidents in Dilaman axis.
1-2 research questions
1- Is there a relationship between the climate and weather conditions and road accidents in the research area?
2- What is the most obvious climatic element that affects road accidents in the research area?
1-3 Research Hypothesis
1- According to the humid climatic conditions in the research area, weather conditions seem to be effective in the cause of accidents.
2- Based on the statistics recorded in the research area, it seems that precipitation and freezing are two important weather elements in accidents.
1-4 Research Objectives
The most important objectives of this research are:
- Investigating climatic elements and its effect on the increase and decrease of road accidents.
- Identifying the effective factors in road accidents in the study area.