Tourism, motivations and related factors

Master thesis in the field of tourism management

Abstract

The aim of the current research is to investigate tourism, motivations and factors related to it in Qasrshirin city. Its central theory is based on Chuck's theories. wow Gay, Les Lumsden, Veblen and Peirce are set. The statistical population of this research consists of all households living in Qasr Shirin who travel to and from Kurdistan, which is 4756 households. Therefore, samples with a volume of 357 people were selected from the target population by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research method is a survey and research information has been collected using a questionnaire tool. The findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between geographic factors (age, gender, literacy) and social factors (eyes and eyes and mass media) with the choice of the type of tourism, but there is no significant relationship between the social variable of ethnicity with the choice of the type of tourism. As a result, it can be said that the motivations of tourism still show a different social distribution and are based on personal desire more than the origin.

Key words: tourism, tourism motivations, land factors, social factors, Qasr-Shirin

We start the article with this introduction and it is hoped that in this way, the researcher has been able to partially pay his respects in examining and identifying the travel motivation and the land and social factors affecting tourism in the city of Qasr-Shirin; And by providing solutions, he can help the tourism operators of Qasrshirin city in their planning for the development of tourism in this city. In this research, we first tried to draw the reader's attention to the main goal of the researcher, which is to identify the motivation for travel among Qasr Shirin people, by presenting key concepts and key definitions. Further, in order to carry out a fundamental and quality research, we randomly selected a group from among these people and provided them with questionnaires related to the topic of the research so that they could help us reach the desired result by filling out the questions. Since a wide range of people study this thesis, we tried to introduce readers to the scope of the study by providing a comprehensive picture of the geographical, cultural, economic and demographic characteristics of Qasrshirin city, which includes pictures of the tourist attractions of Qasrshirin city. In the next step, the information obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed using various methods such as Landa, Spearman, Pearson, etc. We analyzed. In the fifth chapter of this research, we compared the results of the statistical analysis with the theories that exist around the motivations of tourism, and finally, the researcher tries to fulfill his belief in the future of tourism in his hometown by providing effective and efficient solutions and suggestions. To the desired place, staying there, returning and recalling the memories of the trip after returning.  Also, the activities that the traveler does as part of the trip, such as the purchases made and the interactions between the host and the guest. In short, tourism is all the activities and effects that occur during the trip for the visitor (Lamsden [1], 1387: 4).

When the topic of tourism is raised, one of the first questions that arise in the minds of the planners of this industry, politicians, researchers and those interested in it is why people travel, why they choose a specific destination for their trip and what is their motivation for this choice.

Study of travelers' motivations is important because it informs their planners and policymakers where the desired destination of tourists is and what features it should have. In this way, the management of tourist destinations will be able to find the target market that is most compatible with the assets and facilities of the destination and equip its resources in a suitable way to meet the needs of the target market.

Identifying the motives of tourists is possible in different ways. The first method is to study the history of travel and investigate the motivation of tourists in different eras. Second, the use of psychological analysis to investigate the behavior of tourism consumers and the third method is to conduct market studies for various tourism destinations (Rangebrian et al., 2008: 49).

Many sociological and psychological theories indicate that motivation is a relatively static concept, but Pierce [2] (1988), who uses the concept of "travel ladder" in the study of motivation in tourism, believes that motivation is a diverse and dynamic thing that changes especially as a result of age and stages of the life cycle, and is also influenced by other people. Peirce admits that he was influenced by a psychologist named Maslow [3] (1945). Maslow presented a range of hierarchy of needs that starts from low-level needs, which are mainly physical needs, and ends with high-level intellectual needs. He mentions these needs in ascending order as physiological, security, social, self-respect and self-actualization needs. Using Maslow's ideas (1945), Peirce presented the following classification of tourism motivations: relaxation, excitement and passion, social interaction, self-confidence development and feeling of satisfaction (Mason [4], 1387: 10).

In the field of tourism, motivation and related factors are significant studies. It has not been done, however, in a research that has been done recently in the field of tourism motivations, it has only compared two generations, young and middle-aged. Therefore, here it is necessary to make this comparison on a wider level in three generations (young, middle-aged and old), which we are trying to do in this research, to investigate tourism, motivation and factors related to it in three generations (young, middle-aged and old) in Qasrshirin city, now according to what was raised, the problem of the present research is what factors influence the choice of types of tourism in Qasrshirin city?

1-2- Necessity and importance Research

In terms of the history of tourism, it is an old phenomenon that is based on human movement and displacement, and at the same time, human nature is also intertwined with travel and getting to know different areas of places other than his place of residence. In terms of economic importance, tourism is of great importance in the global economy and is one of the important sources of foreign exchange earnings for both advanced societies and developing countries, and today the issue of motivations in tourism, the choice of travel, is one of the issues that have occupied the minds of researchers in the field of tourism and tourism, and has made them try to explore more and more every day about the motivations and dreams that make travelers spend their time and money in this way (Jarondi et al., 1388: 124).

Therefore, with this knowledge, the management of tourist destinations will be able to equip their target market with the appropriate types in order to meet the needs of the target market. This is the only real way to be successful in satisfying tourists and developing tourism in the destination, because meeting the expectations of tourists or acting beyond these expectations will lead to the introduction of the destination or appropriate fronts to the tourists, and they will not only plan to repeat the trip to this destination, but it will be an effective factor in promoting the destination and the target.

Considering what has been said, the benefits of tourism typology can be briefly and usefully mentioned in a few cases:

- The possibility of predicting and understanding tourism flows and trends;

- Orientation to tourism target markets, especially for travel agencies;

- Knowing the existing capacity in the country in terms of types of tourism;

- A way to simplify the understanding of tourist behavior for those involved in the industry. Tourism; Facilitating the possibility of planning, marketing, providing services and infrastructural facilities according to the needs of this research, it is tried to identify the motivations of tourists of Qasrshirin city and the impact of land and social factors on the selection of tourism types, to achieve development strategies that fit the tourism needs of this city.