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Investigating the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in government offices in Malekan city

Number of pages: 111 File Format: word File Code: 30700
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Management
Tags/Keywords: Democratic accountability - Electronic government - Financial accountability - Functional accountability - Legal accountability - Moral accountability - Responsiveness
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  • Summary of Investigating the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in government offices in Malekan city

    Dissertation for M.A. degree

    Information Systems Management

    Abstract:

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in public offices of Malekan city. For this purpose, a main hypothesis and five sub-hypotheses were designed. The statistical population of this research is all the referents of the government office of Malkan city who have referred to the government offices and used the websites of these offices during the research period. Because of their unlimited number, 267 people were selected as a sample from the method of determining the sample size for the unlimited population, and the research questionnaire was distributed and collected among them. After collecting and summarizing the data, the Pearson correlation coefficient test and linear regression were used to analyze the hypotheses; The result of the research shows that the use of e-government has a significant effect on the improvement of accountability and its dimensions (legal, financial, functional, democratic and moral) in the government offices of Malekan city.

    Key words:

    e-government, accountability, legal accountability, financial accountability, functional accountability, democratic accountability, moral accountability

    Introduction

    Every government needs an accountability system and democracy requires a proper accountability system. is Government organizations are created by the people and for the people and should be accountable to them. The relationship between the government and citizens forms the accountability system, whereby government agencies perform relevant tasks and citizens allow these tasks to be performed, provided that the lawyer does not exceed his limits and is accountable (Hughes, 2010, 288-289). Government managers must be accountable at five levels: strategy, program (effectiveness), performance (efficiency and economic efficiency), process (planning, allocation and management of affairs) and commitment and legitimacy (compliance with regulations) (Babajani, 1383, 1). In this chapter, the researcher gives a brief description of all the steps that have been carried out and provides a context for communicating with the audience and informing them about how to create and conduct the research. In this chapter, topics such as the statement of the research problem, the necessity of conducting the research, the research hypotheses, the basic objectives of the research, the theoretical framework of the research, definitions and key terms, and at the end the general structure of the research are stated.

    Issue

    If we agree with the opinion that government organizations were created by the people and for the people and should be accountable to them, then it should be claimed that accountability is an important and challenging issue in the administrative and political systems of most countries. As Wilson (1887) believes that a good government is a government that has both power and accountability: As long as power is accompanied by responsibility, there is no danger (Denhart, 2012).

    The development and expansion of information and communication technology in all areas of human life has led to changes in the ways of communication between people and the society, the methods and procedures that the society contributes to each person in doing their work. Because of these changes, the present age is called the age of "information and communication technology" after which human societies have become scientific societies and citizens have become users of information networks (stauffacher, 2002, p. 3). In this regard, electronic government, which is the use of digital technologies to change the form of government operations in order to improve efficiency, effectiveness and service delivery, was established (Stephen, 2010, 130). Therefore, e-government can be considered as a tool to realize the motto of responsive government.

    The discussion of accountability of government organizations becomes more important when the local government organizations are geographically far away from the central government, because in small cities like Malekan, digital technology infrastructures are not comparable to the infrastructures in the big cities of the country. Therefore, the current research seeks to determine what effect the use and implementation of e-government has had on the accountability of these organizations to citizens despite such infrastructural problems (in terms of information technology):

    1.Legal accountability: To what extent public affairs officials follow the laws and regulations.

    2. Financial accountability: To what extent do public officials use financial resources in the most effective way.

    3. Functional accountability: To what extent do public affairs officials realize the goals and expectations of politicians.

    4. Democratic accountability: To what extent public officials respect democratic values ??and strengthen democratic processes.

    5. Ethical accountability: To what extent public affairs officials comply with ethical standards and principles. (Danaei Fard, 1390, 86).

    It raises. In general, the current research seeks to answer the following question:

    What effect does the use of e-government have on the promotion of accountability in government offices in Malkan city?

    1-3 Necessity of conducting research

    According to Denhart (2002), "nothing, not errors of judgment, not efficiency, not waste, not heavy taxes, not the existence of excessive regulations, nor failure in war, will not shake the government from its foundation except the existence of the belief that the public People imagine that the rulers and government managers think about their personal interest instead of paying attention to the public interest of their clients." Therefore, in order for government employees, managers and agents to show that they adhere to the public interest, they must put accountability at the top of their work (Danaei Fard, 2013, 85).

    E-government aims to ensure a quick response to the needs of citizens by making government operations efficient. For this reason, the creation and establishment of e-government in our country is seriously emphasized by the country's senior officials, so that it has become one of the main axes of the fourth development plan.

    In e-government, due to the use of communication and information technologies, the relations between people and government organizations and departments have become very clear and will be regulated based on the existing standards, which in the shadow of this new form of government, from now on, rules should be implemented in government organizations and departments regardless of the existing relationships between people (Jahanbin, 1383). Therefore, officials and citizens expect from the implementation of e-government to improve service delivery, productivity, reduce public sector costs and improve accountability, but by reviewing the research conducted in this field, it is clear that there is a research gap regarding the measurement of the effect of using e-government on the accountability of government organizations, therefore, the present research is necessary in order to investigate the effect of using e-government on the improvement of accountability in the government offices of Malkan city.

    Theoretical framework of the research:

    A theory is a model based on which the researcher theorizes about the relationships between factors that are recognized as important in creating a problem (Khaki, 2012, 30). In this research, in order to investigate the effect of using e-government on the improvement of accountability in the government offices of Malkan city, the establishment of e-government based on the theory of Torres and his colleagues (2005) in the dimensions:

    -

    -

    -

    -

    -

    -

    -

    -

    and accountability from the perspective of Jensen (2001) in the dimensions The following five:

    1. Legal accountability: To what extent public affairs officials follow the laws and regulations.

    2. Financial accountability: To what extent public officials use financial resources in the most effective way.

    3. Functional accountability: To what extent do public affairs officials realize the goals and expectations of politicians.

    4. Democratic accountability: To what extent public officials respect democratic values ??and strengthen democratic processes.

    5. Ethical accountability: To what extent public affairs officials comply with ethical standards and principles. (Danaifred, 2010, 86).

    1-5 Research Objectives

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in government offices of Malkan city, and in line with this goal, the following goals are also pursued:

    1- Determining the effect of using e-government on improving legal accountability in government offices of Malkan city.

    2- Determining the effect of using e-government on improving financial accountability in government offices of the city. Malekan.

    3- Determining the effect of using e-government on the promotion of functional accountability in the government offices of Malekan city.

    4- Determining the effect of using e-government on the promotion of democratic accountability in the government offices of Malekan city.

  • Contents & References of Investigating the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in government offices in Malekan city

    List:

    Table of Contents

    Abstract..1

    Chapter 1 Generalities of the research..2

    1-1 Introduction..3

    1-2 Statement of the problem..3

    1-3 Necessity of conducting the research..4

    1-4 Theoretical framework of the research:..5

    1-5 Objectives Research..6

    1-6 Research hypotheses..7

    1-7 Research conceptual model..8

    1-8 Research operational model..9

    1-9 Research field..9

    1-10 Research time period..10

    1-11 Research location..10

    1-12 Definition Concept of research variables. 10

    1-13 Operational definition of variables. 10

    Chapter two literature and research background. 11

    Part one: Electronic government..12

    2-1-1- Introduction..12

    2-1-2- Background of electronic government.13

    2-1-3 Definitions of electronic government.16

    2-1-4 Components of e-government.17

    2-1-5 Principles emphasized in the field of establishing e-government.19

    2-1-6 Goals of e-government.20

    2-1-7 Advantages of e-government.21

    2-1-8 Framework of macro dimensions of e-government.22

    2-1-9 Status of e-government in Iran.23

    2-1-10 e-government deployment process.24

    2-1-11 role of e-government in productivity.25

    Part two: Accountability..27

    2-2-1- Introduction..27

    2-2-2- Definitions of accountability..27

    2-2-3- Concept of accountability..29

    2-2-4- Meaning of accountability..29

    2-2-5- History of accountability in public affairs administration.29

    2-2-6- Measurable factors in accountability.31

    2-2-7- Accountability in organizations.32

    2-2-8- Necessity and importance of accountability of managers in organizations.35

    2-2-9- Process model design steps Accountability. 36

    2-1-10- Types and levels of accountability. 37

    2-2-11- Functions and consequences of public accountability. 40

    2-2-12- Obstacles to accountability of managers in organizations. 42

    Part three: History of research and studies conducted. 43

    2-3-1-Research conducted inside the country. 43

    2-3-2- Research conducted abroad Error! Bookmark not defined.45

    The third chapter of research methodology.47

    3-1- Introduction..48

    3-2- Research method..49

    3-3- Research statistical population:..49

    3-4- Statistical sample and determination of sample size:.49

    3-5- Research data collection tools.50

    3- 6- Questionnaire scales...................................51

    3-7- Validity and reliability of the research measurement tool.52

    3-8- Data analysis method.54

    Chapter four of statistical data analysis.55

    4-1- Introduction..56

    4-2- First part statistical description of sample population.57

    4-3- Second part : Inferential analysis of statistical data (statistical test of research hypotheses). 61

    The fifth chapter, conclusions and suggestions. 62

    5-1- Introduction.. 74

    5-2- Discussion and conclusion Error! Bookmark not defined.75

    5-2-1-Conclusion of statistical description of subject characteristics.75

    5-2-2-Results of inferential analysis of statistical data.75

    5-3- Suggestions..76

    5-3- Suggestions in line with research results. 77

    5-4- Limitations of the research. 77

    Sources and sources..78

    Persian sources..79

    Latin sources..81

    Appendices..83

    Source:

    Persian sources:

    Stephen, Hogg, Cummings, Mayo (2013), Management Information Systems, translator: Mohammad Walipour, Ebrahim Nowrozi and Ahmad Nowrozi, Azarakhsh Publications.

    Avon Hughes, Modern Public Management, translated by Alwani, Shurini, Mimarzadeh, Marwarid Publications, 3rd edition, 2014.

    Elahi, Shaaban, Abdi, Behnam, Danai Fard, Hassan, (2014), Adoption of Electronic Government in Iran: Explaining the role of individual, organizational and social variables in the adoption of technology, Public Management Perspective, No. 1, pp. 41-67.

    Alwani, Seyed Mehdi and Danaei Fard, Hassan (2009); Public administration and public trust, management knowledge, volume 55, fourth year. Taghipour Zahir, Ali, Safaei, Taybeh, (1388), providing a model for the accountability of managers of the higher education system in Iran, management research magazine, number 82, pp. 107-123. Jahanbin, Ismail, (1383), information technology and government efficiency; The phenomenon of electronic government, Menorfan Quarterly, No. 13 and 14, pp. 110-116.

    Danaei Fard, Hassan, (2016), Challenges of Public Administration in Iran, Semit, 4th edition,

    Danaei Fard, Hassan, Rajabzadeh, Ali, Darvishi, Azar, (2008), Explaining the role of ethical-Islamic competence and service culture in promoting public accountability of public hospitals, Journal of Ethics and Medical History, Volume 3, Number 4, 57-70.

    Denhart, Robert B., (2009), Theories of Government Organization, translated by Elwani and Danae Fard, Safar Publishing House, Tehran, second edition.

    Sardari, Ahmad, (2013), review of the electronic government process and its role in the expansion of the service sector, the first national information technology management conference, Isfahan University website.

    Sarlak, Mohammad Ali, Farati, Hassan, (2014), advanced management information systems, Payam Noor University, first edition. Aghaar.

    Tahri, Shahnam, (2008), Productivity and its analysis in organizations, Hestan Publishing, 17th edition.

    Farhadinejadi, Mohsen, (2008), Electronic government and good governance, Tadbir Monthly, No. 169, pp. 22-27.

    Faqihi, Abolhasan, (2010), Accountability systems in Public Sector: A Comparative Perspective, Management Studies, No. 29 and 30. Faqihi, Abolhassan, Timournejad, Kaveh, (2006), Accountability System in Tehran Municipality: A Research on How to Provide City Services and Citizen Satisfaction, Management Studies Quarterly, No. 50. Qalipour, Rahmat Elah and Tahamasbi Ashtiani, Mojtabi, Analyzing the Relationship between Public Accountability and Outsourcing in Public Organizations (Case Study). Farhang Management, Number 12, Year 4, Spring 2015, pp. 113-149.

    Kordestani, Gholamreza, (2016), Accountability in the Public Sector and Accounting Information, Accountant Magazine, No. 39, pp. 19-23.

    Maqdasi, Alireza(2015), Implementation Models of Electronic Government, Tadbir Monthly, No. 160, pp. 33-37.

    Moghimi, Seyyed Mohammad, Alaei Ardakani, Mostafa, (2013), measuring the indicators of good governance and the role of electronic government in its promotion, Information Technology Management, Volume 3, Number 8, pp. 171-188.

    Manourian, Abbas; Nargesian, Abbas; Fatahi, Mehdi; Vasheq, Bahareh, (2009), investigating the relationship between public accountability, public participation and public trust in government organizations in the 22 districts of Tehran, Humanities-Management Studies Lecturer in Iran, Volume 14, Number 3, pp. 251-274.

    Latin sources:

    Anderson K.V, Henriksen H. Z., (2006), E-Government Maturity Models: Extension of the Layne and Lee Model. Government Information Quarterly 2006; 23: 236-248.

    Anthony, H. Normore, (2003), the edge of chaos schooh anministeritors and accountability, p 58-, vol 42, no, 1.

    Aucoin P., Heintzman R.; (2000), The dialectics of accountability for performance in public management reform. International Review of Administrative Sciences, pp. 66.

    Bonner, Mike & Barnett, David W., (2003), intervention – based school psychology services: training for child-level accountability, preparing for program level accountability.

    Brown, M.M., Brudney, J.L., (2001), Achieving Advanced Electronic Government service: An Examination of Obstacles and implications from an international perspective.

    chew , Andrew, (1997), contrasting world views on accounting accountability and aboriginal culture, p 293.

    Duffy, D., (2000), Q&A: balancing the role of E-Government: interview with mike hernon, vice president of E-Government: for New York City based gov works.

    Ghayur, G., (2007), Towards good governance: developing an E-Government.

    Gunter, B., (2006), Advances in E-Democracy: overview. New information perspectives, vol.58, No.5, pp 361-370.

    Halchin, L.E., (2004), Electronic government: government capability and terrorist resource, government information quarterly, Vol.21, pp. 406-419.

    Hall, Angela T. & els, (2007), the accountability lens : a new way to view management issues, pp 406-408.

    Heeks, R., Bailur, S. (2007), Analyzing E-government research: perspectives, philosophies, theories. Methods and practice, government information quarterly, Vol.24, pp. 243-265.

    IDABC, (2005), the impact of E-government on competitiveness, growth and jobs, E-government observatory, February.

    Lan T.Y, Aboulhoson M, Lin G, Atlien D.J.

Investigating the effect of using e-government on improving accountability in government offices in Malekan city
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