Investigating the relationship between transformational management and employee satisfaction in Bandarlange Ports and Maritime Administration

Dissertation to obtain the degree of "MA"

Field: Business Management

Abstract

Today, organization management is very complex. Because there are many internal and external factors that affect the organization. This research has introduced the transformational management style as an important and effective factor in the management of the organization and has investigated its role in improving the job satisfaction of the employees.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, correlational and survey in terms of research method. The statistical population of this research included all the employees of Langeh Port Port and Maritime Administration; which includes 40 people. Therefore, the census method was used to select the appropriate sample. In this study, descriptive tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Pearson's correlation coefficient test were used. The results of the Pearson correlation test have completely confirmed the research hypotheses with 95% confidence. In these surveys, transformational management and its dimensions (variables of charismatic management, manager's individual considerations and employees' intellectual motivation) have a positive and significant relationship with employees' job satisfaction. Key words: transformational management, charismatic management, manager's individual considerations, employees' intellectual motivation, employee job satisfaction. Introduction Effective managers are the most basic and rare resources of any organization. The failure of any organization in achieving optimal productivity can be considered to some extent related to the inefficient management and leadership of that organization (Moghimi et al., 2019). Managers in organizations try to improve the effectiveness of their organization by creating job satisfaction in employees. Employee satisfaction is a factor for the better work of employees that can increase the productivity of the organization.

In this chapter, a general overview of the research is presented in such a way that the statement of the problem is first explained and then the conceptual framework of the research is presented. The necessity and importance of conducting research is another topic that has been discussed in this chapter, and in the following, the researcher's goals for conducting research regarding the topic of the research and hypotheses are given. At the end, the conceptual and operational definitions of research words and variables have been discussed.

1-2 statement of the problem

Management is the science and art of organization management. It is the process of effective and efficient use of material and human resources in planning, organizing, mobilizing resources and facilities, directing and controlling, which is done to achieve organizational goals and based on the accepted value system. In recent years, the new method of transformational management has gained many fans among managers and managers are trying to use this style in their organizations. Transformational management is formed when the leader promotes and develops the interests of his employees, creates awareness and acceptance for the group's mission and destination, and motivates employees to see beyond their own interests for the group's interests (Stone et al., 2003).

The transformational manager arouses interest among his colleagues and followers, to look at their work from a new perspective. Such a manager motivates colleagues and followers to pay attention to the benefits of the group beyond their own interests (Jugilo, 2010). The transformational manager looks for potential motivations in followers and satisfies their higher needs. Transformational managers establish a mutual motivational relationship that transforms followers into leaders. Therefore, management is transformational, interactive and two-way (McFarlan et al., 2003). The most important features and dimensions of a transformational manager are charismatic management, intellectual motivation, and personal considerations (Stone and Digheran, 2004).

The transformational management style is composed of behaviors that focus on common behavioral characteristics such as strengthening teamwork, improving the skills of subordinates, and supporting people in order to achieve goals. These features are very valuable for the organization because they can lead to higher job satisfaction and increase productivity in the organization (Jogilo, 2010). Satisfied employees work harder than other employees and are an important factor in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization. Job satisfaction refers to the degree to which people like their jobs (Lund [1], 2003). Job satisfaction is a combination of people's feelings, which is shown by different components such as the nature of work, the level of salaries and payments, promotion opportunities and satisfaction with colleagues.Job satisfaction is a kind of reaction to a specific job or an issue related to a job that can lead to creating commitment in employees and increase the productivity of the organization (Gunlo et al.[2], 2010).

Job satisfaction is related to productivity, organizational commitment and absenteeism from work Employees with more satisfaction usually make more efforts to achieve the organization's goals and are always committed to the organization and are happy to be a member of the organization (Abdullah et al.[3], 2011). The job satisfaction of the employees causes the employees not to fail in carrying out their duties and to accept the responsibility of their work. Creating a strong belief in the goals and values ??of the organization and willingness to work harder than the results that bring employee satisfaction (Gonla et al., 2010). According to the contents mentioned in this research, it seeks to examine the relationship between transformational management and the job satisfaction of employees of Bandarlange Ports and Maritime Administration in 2013.

1-3 The importance and necessity of conducting research

Human power is the most important resource in the organization, and the success of any organization can be found in the efficiency of its human power. The presence of employees who are satisfied with their jobs leads to their higher commitment to the organization, and the created commitment can lead to more efforts by employees to increase the effectiveness of the organization. The presence of managers to create satisfaction among employees is a clear and obvious matter. Transformational management and effective leadership are very vital tools in organizations. In fact, having an effective and authoritative manager makes the employees of the organization more aware of their abilities and show more effort in their work with the encouragement they get from the manager. Job satisfaction of employees is essential for managers, because job satisfaction leads to better work and ultimately the effectiveness of the organization. 1-4 Research Objectives 1-4-1 The main objective: 1-4-1 to determine the relationship between transformational management and the satisfaction of employees of Bandarlange Ports and Maritime Administration; 1-4-2 Sub-objectives: 1- To determine the relationship between charismatic management and employee satisfaction of Ports Administration Bandarlange Maritime; 2-Determining the relationship between creating intellectual motivation and the satisfaction of the employees of the Ports and Maritime Administration of Bandarlange; 3-Determining the relationship between the manager's personal considerations and the satisfaction of the employees of the Ports and Maritime Administration of Bandarlange; There is a relationship between Bandar Lange Maritime.

1-5-2 Sub-hypotheses:

1- There is a relationship between charismatic management and the satisfaction of Bandar Lange Ports and Maritime Administration employees.

2- There is a relationship between creating intellectual motivation and the satisfaction of Bandar Lange Ports and Maritime Administration employees.

3- There is a relationship between the manager's personal considerations and the satisfaction of Bandar Lange Ports and Maritime Administration employees.

1-6 Definitions of Research Terms

1-6-1 Conceptual Definitions:

Transformational Management: Interactive and two-way management that seeks to create potential motivations in followers and satisfy their higher needs (Duquet and McFarlan, 2003). A) Charismatic Management

It is the pride, generosity, respect and unquestionable loyalty of the followers of the management that conveys a sense of idealism. Favorable influence causes leaders to act as role models and behavior patterns for followers (Ushagbemi 2004).

B) Intellectual motivation in employees

Increasing the awareness of employees and trying to encourage and motivate them to commit to the organization's goals and think about the organization's problems to solve it (Doquette and McFarlan, 2003).

C) Manager's individual considerations

Regarding The individual differences of the followers and the relationship with each one of them and motivating them by handing over the responsibilities for their learning and experience.  Individuals are supported by leaders, and leaders are concerned about their feelings and personal needs (Aston and others, 2004).

Satisfaction:

The degree of relationship observed between what a person demands from his job and what the job and the organization give him. (Lund[4], 2003).

Transformative management

To measure the transformational management in Bandarlange ports and maritime administration, 29 questions with 5 options in the form of Likert spectrum are used.