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Analysis of the relationship between the development of electronic databases and the increase in the number of tourists

Number of pages: 104 File Format: word File Code: 30635
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Tourism - Tourism
Tags/Keywords: Communication technology - Electronic databases - Information and communication technology - Information technology - save room - Tourism industry
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  • Summary of Analysis of the relationship between the development of electronic databases and the increase in the number of tourists

    Dissertation for Master's Degree in Tourism Management (M.A)

    Trend: Planning and Development

    Abstract:

    Introduction: The increasing growth and expansion of information and communication technology in today's era has caused various economic and industrial sectors to be affected by it. The tourism industry as a dynamic and growing industry has been able to gain a favorable position compared to others by using new technologies due to its high dependence on information and communication in the domestic and international arena. Today, there are many sources of information about the tourism industry on the Internet that are easily accessible. Also, conducting domestic and international trips has been affected by information and communication technology, so that in some cases the use of these technologies has made the tourism market attractive in the world.

    Aim of the research: Considering the impact of information and communication technology, especially the Internet, in the tourism industry, this research tries to find out the relationship between the development of electronic databases and the increase in the number of tourists. 218 questionnaires were distributed among tourists who stayed in hotels in Yazd. The data was analyzed and evaluated after extraction by SPSS.18 software.

    Results and findings: The results of the data analysis show that tourists show great favor in using room reservations through electronic databases.

    Key words: information and communication technology, tourism industry, electronic databases, room reservations

    Introduction

    Today, the use of information and communication technology (ICT) has become a necessary and undeniable matter for companies, institutions, organizations and public and private institutions and various industries. Also, the speed of the development of this technology is such that day by day the amount, manner of its use and application by various organizations is increased, and if they do not adapt to this development, they will be removed from the business arena in some way (Madhoshi and Safarinejad, 2013).

    Information and communication technology has created a concept called e-commerce, which in recent decades has led to the growth and development of business, cost savings, absence of intermediaries, better services and communication to customers. Increasing the welfare level of people's lives and provided (ibid., 164). The Internet as one of the most important tools for the development of information and communication technology has greatly contributed to the e-commerce category, so that now various businesses use the Internet as a competitive advantage to meet the needs and demands of their customers (Kim et al., 2006: 893). In such a situation, it can be said that the success of a business depends on its ability to use and apply updated information to help planning and marketing (Law et al., 2009: 599). In fact, the most important advantage of using new information technology technologies is to increase the supply of information and make it available to a wide range of audiences (Shanker, 2008).

    The tourism industry is also the arena of competition for different sectors of these services, which, due to its high dependence on information and communication, it can be said that it needs information and communication technology more than other industries, so that "Sheldon" (1993) mentions information for tourism as "lifeblood" and according to this, the Internet can be The title of the heart considered that this blood flows in the body of the tourism industry (Lee et al., 2006: 815). Information and communication technology has had a revolutionary impact on the tourism and hospitality industry since the 80s (Buhalis and Law, 2008).  In general, this technology affects the knowledge, attitude and behavior of travelers (Sigala, 2005). Also, the existence of databases with a lot of data about market trends, consumer characteristics, types of activities, destinations and tourism flows, which can be easily accessed with the presence of the network and the Internet, will help the planners and marketers of the tourism industry in the past, now and more widely in the future (Heidari Chianeh, 2019: 217).In general, it can be stated that with the increase of people's access to high-speed Internet connection, cyberspace tourism will continue to grow as a "travel information source" (Ku & Fan, 2009: 483). Fortunately, the value and importance that information and communication technology has created for the development of tourism infrastructure, including accommodation centers in the world, is very interesting and worth considering. When a tourist can see tourist information related to historical places and infrastructure facilities of a country on the Internet and get good audio, visual and textual information about them, he becomes enthusiastic. Then he travels to his pleasant country through the relevant channels. In the same way, he can easily reserve a room through electronic databases. (Zareian et al., 2010)

    Nowadays, tourists use internet search engines, especially Google (Law and Haung, 2006) to find tourist destinations, accommodations and obtain information needed for the destination. Also, institutions, institutions and tourism centers have set up electronic databases to provide related services and information and have connected themselves to these search engines to be accessible to searchers.

    A successful electronic database in the field of tourism should be easily accessible and the ability to find basic information should be provided in it, and while having the ability to purchase and other minor information, it should also attract the attention of customers (Werthner and Ricci, 2004). Operators of tourism centers today have well understood the important advantage of the Internet in attracting customers and are increasingly spending time and effort to expand their electronic databases in order to maintain contact with customers and increase their share of the market (Law et al., 2010).

    1-2 Statement of the problem and definition of the research topic

    The growing and expanding of the global Internet network and its influence and use to promote services and advertisements at the level of various companies and institutions has become more visible in this era. The tourism industry and its various sectors have always been able to use this communication and information technology and move towards growth and development at a faster rate.

    One of the measures that can be developed and expanded through the Internet by the customers of the tourism industry or tourists is online shopping. In fact, the Internet makes shopping easy for customers by eliminating the need for customers to go to a company or shop and also prevent face-to-face communication with the employee of that company (Meuter et al., 2000). In general, the use of the Internet helps the buyers of tourism products and services to enjoy easy access and view different rates, which in this case saves time and reduces costs and negotiation time with operators (Wu & Chang, 2005).

    One of the actions and needs of travel for tourists is choosing accommodation in their desired destination, which is widely done by the Internet today. Therefore, the owners of hotels and tourist accommodations are trying to provide information, services and facilities for tourists by setting up electronic databases on the Internet. In fact, the electronic database is an intermediary and a platform for representing a company, as a form of media, anyone can get information from it. In the same way, the company can use the electronic base to create an online community that transmits information and opinions anywhere and anytime and offers its products and services for sale (Chaiprasit et al., 2011). Therefore, the electronic database for hotels today is considered a necessity in the competitive environment of media and new technologies, which can eliminate the use of traditional and costly methods for customers.

    A hotel electronic database, in addition to providing the required information about the hotel, enables the operation of purchasing from it or reserving a room, and as mentioned, its advantage over the traditional methods of reserving a room is its low cost and ease of use. In fact, one of the important advantages of hotels' electronic database is the possibility of accessing them 24 hours a day, seven days a week (Wong and Law, 2005: 312), and besides that, this communication channel welcomes customers from all over the world without geographical restrictions (Law and Leung, 2000).

  • Contents & References of Analysis of the relationship between the development of electronic databases and the increase in the number of tourists

    Table of contents

    The first chapter. 1

    1-1 Introduction. 2

    1-2 statement of the problem and definition of the research subject. 4

    1-3 The importance and necessity of conducting research. 6

    1-4 research objectives. 8

    1-5 research questions. 8

    1-6 research hypotheses. 9

    1-7 research methods. 9

    1-8 research limitations. 10

    1-9 Definition of words and terms. 10

    The second chapter. 12

    2-1 Introduction. 13

    2-2 Definitions of tourism and tourists. 14

    2-3 tourism goals. 16

    2-4 travel motivation. 16

    2-5 tourism development. 17

    2-6 components of tourism development. 18

    2-7 effective factors in tourism development. 19

    2-8 sustainable tourism. 20

    2-9 tourism accommodation facilities. 20

    2-10 hotels. 21

    2-11 e-commerce. 24

    2-12 e-tourism. 25

    2-13 information and communication technology in tourism. 26

    2-14 Internet and its presence in tourism. 28

    2-15 electronic databases and virtual community. 29

    2-16 Internet, electronic databases and hotels 33

    2-17 room reservation. 39

    2-18 room storage methods. 40

    The third chapter. 44

    3-1 Introduction. 45

    3-2 Geographical location of the project 45

    3-3 Demographic location. 46

    3-4 about the city of Yazd 47

    3-5 research method. 48

    3-6 research techniques. 48

    7-3 data collection tools 49

    3-8 statistical population. 52

    3-9 units of analysis. 53

    3-10 The temporal and spatial scope of research. 53

    3-11 sample size and sampling method. 54

    3-12 Reliability. 55

    3-13 credit. 57

    3-14 data analysis techniques 58

    Chapter four. 59

    4-1 Introduction. 60

    4-2 Descriptive statistics. 60

    4-3 descriptive statistics of foreign tourists. 65

    4-4 inferential statistics. 70

    The fifth chapter. 80

    5-1 Conclusions from descriptive statistics. 81

    5-2 Conclusions from research hypotheses. 83

    5-3 suggestions. 84

    5-4 suggestions for future research 85

    Persian sources. 86

    Latin sources. 90

    Appendix..94

     

    List of tables

    Table 2-1 Travel motives. 17

    Table 2-2 classification standards of tourist accommodations. 23

    Table 3-1 Introduction of the structure of the attributes studied in the user questionnaire in the current research. 51

    Table 2-3 Cronbach's alpha report for the reliability test of the questionnaire. 56

    Table 3-3 list of names of hotels used in the research. 58

    Table No. 4-1 Frequency distribution of respondents according to gender status. 61

    Table No. 4-2 Frequency distribution of respondents according to age status. 61

    Table No. 4-3 distribution of frequency of respondents according to employment status 62

    Table No. 4-4 distribution of frequency of respondents according to income. 63

    Table No. 4-5 Distribution of the frequency of respondents according to educational level 63

    Table No. 4-6 Distribution of the frequency of respondents according to the method of room reservation. 64

    Table No. 4-7 Frequency distribution of how to get to know the hotel. 65

    Table No. 4-8 Distribution of the frequency of respondents according to gender status. 65

    Table No. 4-9, frequency distribution of respondents according to age status. 66

    Table No. 10-4 Distribution of the frequency of respondents according to employment status 67

    Table No. 4-11 Distribution of the frequency of respondents according to educational level. 68

    Table No. 4-12 distribution of the frequency of respondents according to the way of getting to know the hotel. 68

    Table No. 4-13, frequency distribution of respondents by room reservation method. 69

    Table No. 4-14 of the first hypothesis test. 71

    Table No. 4-15 of the second hypothesis test. 72

    Table No. 4-16 of the third hypothesis test. 73

    Table No. 4-17 of the fourth hypothesis test. 74

    Table No. 4-18 of the fifth hypothesis test. 76

    Table No. 4-19 of the sixth hypothesis test. 77

    Table No. 4-20 of the seventh hypothesis test. 78

     

     

     

    List of Figures

    Figure 2-1 Division of hotels based on service type. 24

    Figure 2-2 A page from the Hotelyar.com electronic database of the hotel search section. 32

    Figure 2-3 conceptual model of electronic database quality, customer satisfaction and purchase decision 37

    Figure 2-4 Conceptual framework of hotel electronic database performance 38

    Figure 2-5 Relationship between user and databases. 32

    Figure 2-3 conceptual model of electronic database quality, customer satisfaction and purchase decision 37

    Figure 2-4 Conceptual framework of hotel electronic database performance 38

    Figure 2-5 Relationship between user and hotel electronic databases 43

    Figure 3-1 Map of Yazd province by cities (1393) 47

    Persian sources

    Inskip, Edward, translated by Mahmoud Hasanpour, Saeed Daghestani, Tourism planning an integrated and sustainable approach to tourism planning and development, Tehran, Mehkame Publications, 1391

    Babi, Earl, Research methods in social sciences. Translated by Reza Fazel. Tehran: Organization for Studying and Compiling Humanities Books of Universities (Samt). The first volume. 5th edition, 1387

    Bohalis, Dimitrios, Electronic Tourism - Information Technology for Strategic Tourism Management, Master's Student Group Translation, Tehran, Pandar Pars Publishing, 2nd edition 1386

    Papli Yazdi, Mohammad Hossein, Saqaei, Mehdi, Tourism (Nature and Concepts), Tehran, Samet Publishing, 1385

    Tarshizian, Periyosh, The Role of ICT in Tourism Development Iran, Tourism and Sustainable Development Conference, Hamedan Islamic Azad University, 1390

    Hafez Niya, Mohammad Reza, Introduction to Research Methodology in Humanities, Tehran, Smet Publications, 17th Edition, 138

    Hosni, Farnoud, Principles of Website Management, Iran Institute Publishing, Tehran, 1387

    Heidari Chianeh, Rahim, Basics of Tourism Industry Planning, Tehran, Smet Publishing, Print 2nd 2009

    Davas, D. A survey in social research. Translated by Houshang Naibi. Tehran: Nei Publishing House, 2013

    Dehghan, Mohammad Hossein, Yazd Pardis Kavir, Tehran, Yazda, 2014

    Rafipour, Faramarz, Kand and Kaveh and Thoughts. Tehran: Publishing Company. 14th edition, 1383

    Rangebran, Bahram, Zahedi, Mohammad, Understanding Tourism, Isfahan, Chaharbagh Publications, 1390

    Zareian, Kamran, Mohammad Ali Rajaee, Shabnam Qalami, Maryam Hatfi, requirements for the sustainable development of e-tourism and its role in the hotel industry, Tourism and Sustainable Development Conference, Islamic Azad University Hamedan branch, July 1390

    Zindeh Del, Hassan and Dastiaran, Yazd Province, Tehran, Iranghandar Publishing House, 1377

    Saroukhani, Baqir, research methods in social sciences. Tehran: Research Institute of Humanities and Cultural Studies. The first volume. 4th edition, 1382

    Sai Ersi, Iraj, Research Writing Skills in Social Sciences, Tehran, Bahman Barna Publications, 2nd edition, 1390

    Saei, Ali, Statistical Analysis in Social Sciences with SPSS Software (Introduction to Social Research Methods), Kian Mehr Publishing, 3rd edition, 1386

    Selijer, Herbert W. and Elena Shuhami, Research Methods in the second language. Translated by Khalil Mirzaei and Hamidreza Fatemipour. Tehran: Arsbaran, 1378

    Schiffer, Richard L. and others, sample statistics. Translated by Karim Mansoorfar. Tehran: Samit, 1382

    Zargham Borojni, Hamid, Tourism development planning with a connected and sustainable approach, Tehran, Mahkame Publications, second edition 1391

    Farzaneh Far, Hamed, Design and implementation of hotel websites, Bachelor's thesis, Faculty of Computer Science, Yazd University, 1385

    Elham Fariborzi, Reza Fariborzi, Electronic commerce and programming in the stock market Forex, Mashhad, Nash Taharan, 2019

    Talib, Mehdi, practical methods of social studies. Tehran: University of Tehran Printing and Publishing Institute, 1380

    Tabatabaei, Mahmoud, special research techniques. Tehran: Payam Noor University Press. Third edition, 1381

    Ali Akbari, Ismail, Tourism Geography of Iran, Tehran, Samit Publications, 1391

    Kargar, Bahman, Urbanization Development and Tourism Industry in Iran, Tehran, Armed Forces Geographical Organization Publications, 1386

    Kerlinger, Fred. N, Basics of Research in Behavioral Sciences. Translated by Hasan Pasha Sharifi and Jafar Najafizand. Tehran: Avai Noor Publications, 1377

    Kalantari, Khalil, data processing and analysis in socio-economic research. Tehran: Sharif Publishing House, 2015

    Kiwi, Raymond and Luke Van Kampenhude, Research Methodology in Social Sciences. Translated by Abdul Hossein Nikghar. Tehran: Tutia. Third edition, 1377

    Gudarzi, Saeed, Application of statistics in social sciences, Islamic Azad University Publications in collaboration with Sociologists Publications, 1388

    Gay, Chuck. Vai, Tourism in a comprehensive perspective, translated by Ali Parsaian and Seyed Mohammad Arabi, Tehran, Cultural Research Bureau, 2nd edition 1382

    Madhoshi, Mehrdad, Safarinejad, Maitham, E-commerce websites in Iran: strategies and models, Business Research Quarterly, No. 30, Spring 1383, 159-184

    Neghaban, Alireza and Farida Mostajabi, SPSS 11.0.

Analysis of the relationship between the development of electronic databases and the increase in the number of tourists
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