Examining the musical aspects of Salman Savji's poems

Abstract

Music is the prominent element of poetic language and the main factor differentiating poetry from everyday language and normal speech, it also creates an emotional relationship between the creator of the work and the audience and reader. In fact, by writing poetry, the poet puts the audience in an emotional space, thereby evoking different mental and emotional states. Imagination, emotion, thought, shape and music are the five elements of poetry. Music in poetry is one of the most important tools in conveying meanings as well as creating emotions and feelings. Music in a broad sense includes any kind of harmony and relationship that exists between words. What distinguishes a poet from other poets is the way of expression, the special use of language and linguistic elements, and his verbal arrangements and tricks. Salman Savji lived among two famous poets of Persian poetry, Saadi and Hafez, and his influence made him stand out from these two poets among the poets of his era. This research has investigated various aspects of poetry music, such as outer music, side music, inner music, and spiritual music in Salman Savji's poems; Salman Savji has used the widely used weights of bahor ramel, majtath, mujara and hazj in the external music, and the weights used are appropriate to their themes. In the background music, rhyme is mostly used in nominal form and words that have a very high frequency in rhyming have been used. The most common use of the row is of the current type. In the field of inner and spiritual music, it is applied to the effects of inner music, puns and its types, repetition and rendering, and phonetic arrangement, as well as to the effects of spiritual music such as: allusion, simile, simile, irony, metaphor, etc.

Keywords: Salman Savji, poems, outer music, background music, inner music, spiritual music

Chapter 1

Generalities of the research

1-1- Introduction

For whatever you do, first mention it

Bless the name of Rahman, Lord Almighty

(Salman Savji)

Poetry is the creation of words with an artistic approach. With the help of imagination, rhythm and music, the poet creates literary language, which is called poetry. What elevates and elevates the everyday and normal speech from a literary point of view is the set of elements that create the beauty of the speech, which the poet uses to make the speech beautiful. At the same time, music and the sound of words play an important role in inducing emotions and feelings.

Music covers a wide area; From the moment of birth to the time of death, and the emergence of day and night and the cycle of days, man observes a kind of order and coherence and feels pleasure from this order. Even in daily work, agriculture, industry, etc. This rhythm and music in the words and teachings of God in the blessed Surah "Al-Rahman", the verse "Faba'i ala-e rabbi'kama takzdiban" (Al-Rahman/13) translation: "Which blessings of your God do you deny?" (Elahi Qomsha'i, 1376: 531) thirty one times during the Surah that 78 It is a verse, it is repeated. In the verses of the Qur'an, regardless of the topics of interpretation and emphasis, which sometimes cause reluctance and awakening, it creates such a proportion and tenderness that it leads to the beauty of the words.

Therefore, by reflecting on the rhythm of the words, this connection is very noticeable in the poem and they are closely related to each other; It is as if both (music and poetry) originated from the same source. On this basis, "Great poets, knowingly and unknowingly, have always been the greatest lovers of music, and poetry has no origin other than bringing language to music. Or poetry is a musical manifestation of language. Image, meaning, expression, are all the various manifestations of this music, and music, in this application, has a broad concept of its customary and common meaning." (Shafi'i Kodkani, 1370: 389)

Recent researches, the effect of music on the phenomena of nature and living things show that music becomes the main factor of movement and dynamism and the source of vitality and mental emotions and internal emotions and emotions. provokes Therefore, the effect of music is not hidden on anyone, even on quadrupeds: "Ashtar is in the state of Arab poetry, and tarb is not interested in you, you are a crooked animal." These are examined under the title of poetry music.What is important in the music of poetry is its differentiation from everyday and normal language. From the combination of consonants and vowels, special phonetic and semantic constructions are created, which are called syllables, and from the order of syllables in words and their confrontation with each other, a special rhythm and song is formed, which is also called weight. Therefore, weight is the music arising from the combination of consonants and vowels, and in other words, the arrangement of syllables, which is not heard of in everyday speech and is specific to the language of poetry. Among the other distinguishing factors of poetic language is the coordination of repeated and non-repeated words that come at the end of each part of the speech, i.e. stanza or verse, and gives the speech a special elegance, which is called row and rhyme. It is mentioned in the introduction of the book Gharah al-Kamal by Amir Khosro Dehlavi: One of the advantages of Persian poetry over Arab poetry is the existence of rows, which Arab poetry lacks. (Shafi'i Kodkani, 1370: 134) The presence of rows in the poem makes the music of the poem richer and helps the poet's associations in terms of meanings. Rhyme also complements the weight of the poem; Regarding the importance of rhyme, it is enough that its presence is considered mandatory, and according to Nima, "poetry without rhyme is meat without bones or like a house without a roof and a door." (Yoshij, 1363: 67) Therefore, in the rhyme, the more consonants and vowels are the same between the words, the music will be much more pleasant. For example, in the ode number 19 by Salman Savji:

I am the one who has seen my fortune, which is the light of the sun.

In his polo

(Ibid., 56)

As can be seen in the first verse, the words (light and light) and in the second verse (wandering and polo) are rhyming words, and the amount of consonant and vowel sharing in these two rhymes has increased the music of the poem; Also, the existence of rows (is) and (she is) is another additional factor of music, which has become more completely musical in comparison to poems without rows.

One of the factors that distinguish poetry language from everyday and common language is the presence of semantic and verbal relationships of words, which are more visible in poetry. In the above two examples, we can see what a beautiful relationship the poet has established in the first verse to express his interpretations between the words seen, light, soil, sarme and anwar, and it has made the poem beautiful. And in the second stanza, between the words ball and polo, by creating a relationship of proportion and with the ironic concept of surpassing in beauty, it has created a beautiful literary theme. This is where the importance of the poet's poetic language shows and makes others jealous. "The greatest contemporary painter of the world, Picasso, admits his inability in this field, i.e., creating a single figure that has two sides, and says, "I long to paint a matchbox that is also a bat at the same time." (Shamisa, 1372: 18) We can see that poets can easily handle this task.

The 8th century AH is one of the most fruitful periods of our literature in terms of literary works and the most capable speakers of Persian poetry. A period in which famous poets such as: Hafez, Khajovi Kermani, Obaid Zakani, Mahmoud Shabestri and Salman Savji have grown and flourished. In general, the general situation of Persian poetry in the 8th century with the decline of praise poems and the spread of tasteful and mystical poems, as well as among the poetic formats, the ode format became deficient, and some people started to create odes in the way of their predecessors and welcomed the famous odes of Sana'i, Anuri, Khaqani and the like. In the odes of this period of Persian poetry, it was common to use abundant Arabic words and combinations, and poets paid more and more attention to new interpretations and precise themes and to the use of various industries. Although poets such as: Majd Hamgar and Saadi have easy and fluent words in their odes, others such as Saeed Heravi, Siraj Qamari, Badr Chachi, Khajo and Salman Savji insist on adhering to difficult lines and using precise metaphors and similes." (Safa, 1370: 88) Among the mentioned poets, the subject of our discussion is Salman Savji, whose poems are different Music is explored.