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Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas

Number of pages: 123 File Format: word File Code: 30610
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Art - Graphics

Tags/Keywords: Hanabandan

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Summary of Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas

Master's Thesis in the field of Islamic Art, painting trend

Abstract

More attention to the category of recognition and introduction of Hanabandan rituals can have a significant effect both in preserving the identity and authenticity and in preserving the tradition and culture that created these rituals. This research, with a descriptive-analytical method, with a library-field method and a developmental goal, and titled "Hanabandan Rituals in Bandar Abbas", tries to identify and introduce Hanabandan Rituals, which is a link between religion, art and literature, as one of the authentic Iranian rituals. The holding of these religious and semi-religious rites is discussed, and also, in particular, common thoughts about henna and henna, including religious concepts, beauty, health, and the function of traditional henna rituals during the days of Muharram, Eid al-Fitr, and pregnancy, childbirth, and marriage in Bandar Abbas from the past to the present.
Many Sunni and Shia sects and different Baloch, Arab, Farsi, Lor, etc. ethnicities coexist peacefully in this city. Hanabandan rituals among the residents of this city, despite the influence of western culture and the damage caused by the change of traditional ways of thinking and life, have survived to some extent despite many injuries. For this purpose, henna motifs, the methods of execution and the religious, cultural and social implications of such rituals in the life of the people of Bandar Abbas are examined. The results obtained from library and field researches that examined the process of Hanabandan ceremonies and examples of common motifs indicate that Hanabandan rituals in Bandar Abbas have been influenced by both ancient times and religious beliefs.

Key words: Henna, Hanabandan, Bandar Abbas, Henna pattern, Hanari

Chapter 1

Generalities

1-1-Introduction

Currently, many long-standing customs and traditions and in fact the national identities of Iranians, due to people's indifference and enthusiasm for "progress" and "modernization" or "modernization" Being" is being forgotten and destroyed. Now that these national identities are being weakened by themselves and unintentionally, it is very necessary to preserve the identity.

"The effects of our artistic identity are so many and wide that if we come to our senses today and return to our original roots and search for ourselves, we can definitely proudly restore our original and native identity in the not too distant future." (Radfer 1388, 38)

We have not yet passed enough of our years to forget the henna-painted fingers and hands of our grandmothers and the fawn-colored beards of our grandfathers; However, now they don't put henna on the head of a newborn baby; But still, on the wedding night, bride and groom put henna on each other's palms, and still when someone has neither way forward nor way back, we say that they put their hand in henna. Painting was used on the walls of caves; But its most common use is cosmetics. The elders of Islam have highly recommended this plant for the treatment of diseases[1], and in the Middle Ages, Iranian and Arab physicians have greatly benefited from the medicinal effects of henna[2].

In the first part of the book Henna's secret history, the author discusses the similarity of the word henna in different languages ??and states: It is believed that the name Hinna was given to "Lausonia inermi" by Arabic-speaking Iranians[3] has been It seems that the name of the ancient Egyptian hieroglyph is henna, or Henu, and many things show the similarities between the two. It seems that the root of the Iranian-Arabic word hinna, HNN means tenderness and softness. [.], according to the professor of Arabic literature, Samar Attar from Harvard University, the correct root is: H(A)N(A)A with the end of the hanjars meaning HNA. Hannaa', Tahni'a, Tahni'ah: means to paint with henna. [.], Dr.], Dr. Al-Khafifi from the University of Utah, America, [.], also stated that henna means to dye red [.]. Hinna is the same name as "Henna" in Persian, [.] and probably Iranians took the name henna from the Egyptian name Henu. (Miczak 2001,1-23)

"Henna is a plant belonging to the family "Litracea[4]", which is called by the scientific name "Lausonia inermis". The height of the henna shrub reaches from 1.5 to 2.5 meters, and it has leaves like the leaves of a pomegranate tree and white, fragrant and clustered flowers. This tree can bear fruit for twenty years." (Abbasi Demshahri 1386, 134)

Many things have been said about the first origin of the henna tree, and there are many religious references for henna all over the world, in fact, wherever there has been a period of hot and dry weather and a history of worshiping the goddess Henna, the use of the henna plant has been observed. This widespread use makes it difficult to identify a date or country of origin for the initial use of henna. (McQueen 2013, 6)

Henna is native to the Eastern Mediterranean, where it was used by women of the Bronze Age or earlier. Its growing area extends from the Atlantic coast in northwest Africa, across the Mediterranean coast, Africa, Arabia, Egypt, the frost-free regions of the Middle East, and South Asia to Malaysia. (Cartwright-Jones 2003a, 9) The henna plant grows in warm climates, areas where the temperature never falls below the freezing point, such as in the southern part of Iran. It survives in 50mm of rain each year, and produces the highest concentration of color in the harshest conditions. (Cartwright-Jones 2003a, 9)

Other uses of henna include the celebration of circumcision, pregnancy, birthdays, holidays (especially the end of Ramadan), wedding garlands, for good luck and protection from the evil eye and jinn, companionship of women and beauty, treatment of diseases, etc. In the past, all events were celebrated with henna. There are also some healing rituals, such as the Zar ritual in North Africa, that include the use of henna. The common ritual of Hanabandan can be seen in India and in the Islamic world. The purposes of traditional henna decorations vary from culture to culture. Depending on the culture, men may also use henna like women, usually for symbolic purposes. (S.V. Henna, 5-7) Henna is the most famous ritual in which henna plays a key role.

Henna has been used by many types of people throughout the centuries, with each new introduction of place and time, it has transformed the customs and traditions according to the needs of the people. Hanabandan rituals are an oral tradition, which is passed from one generation to another, and they adapt to people's lives and their cultural needs.

Nowadays, henna is rarely used for make-up in the big cities of Iran, and it may only be limited to the wedding "Hanabandan" ritual in some areas. However, outside of Iran, Hanabandi is one of the most popular styles in women's make-up. , wedding, pregnancy and childbirth celebrations and the night of Ashura were held, which has been largely forgotten today; This issue makes clear the need for research on such rituals.

The research method is library-field research (qualitative data); And to examine the works and researches about Hanabandan rituals and the history of Hanabandan rituals, as well as developing the theoretical framework of research, books related to Hanabandan rituals, such as the travelogue reports of writers such as Delawaleh, Tavarniyeh, Chardin, etc. In their travelogues and books related to customs and traditions. , articles and books related to the history of Hanabandan religion and articles of people who studied Hanabandan rituals in other countries, as well as books on the subject of anthropological analysis of art have been studied.
Contents & References of Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas

List:

Chapter One: Generalities of the research.1

1-1- Introduction..1

1-2- Statement of the problem.. 4

1-3- Background of the research.. 5

1-4- Key concepts and terms. 7

1-5- The importance and necessity of conducting research. 8

1-6- Research questions. 8

1-7- research hypotheses. 8

1-8- Research objectives.. 9

1-9- Application of research results and users. 9

1- 10- Limitations of the research. 9

Chapter Two: Theoretical foundations. 10

2-1- Culture.. 10

1-2-1-Changing culture and artistic styles. 10

2-2 - Concept and function of ritual.. 12

2-3-Religious ritual.. 16

2-4- Ritualization.. 18

2-5-Art and society.. 18

2-6-Art and innovation.. 19

  Style. 22

     2-8- Representation and symbolic meaning.. 24

      2-9-Meaning and interpretation.. .. 26

     2-10- Emotional appeal in the theme of artistic effects. 26

Chapter three: Introduction of Bandar Abbas and the history of Hana. 29

3-1- Introducing the city of Bandar Abbas... 29

3-1-1- Geographical location. 29

3-1-2- Name and date of Bandar Abbas city. 30

.. 32

3-1-4-cultural characteristics. 33

3-1-5-Religion and language. 34

3-1-6- Weather.. 35

3-1-7- The historical background of Henna in Bandar Abbas and its surroundings. 36

      1- Cultivation of henna in Bandar Abbas. 37

    Henna trade in Bandar Abbas. 40.

3-2- The history of henna and Hanabandan.. 41

The history of henna in the world. 41

Henna in Islam. 44

3-2-3- Henna and Hanabandan in Iran. . 46

Chapter Four: Hanabandan rituals in Bandar Abbas. 54

4-1- Religious rituals.. 54

4-1-1- Hanabandan on the night of Ashura. 54

4-1-1-1- Muharram in Hormozgan province. 54

4-1-1-2-Taziya of Hazrat Qasim. 54

4-1-1-3-Hanabandan in Hazrat Qasim's prayer. 55

4-1-2-Hanabandan during holidays. 59

The association of sacrifice and henna in history. 59

Eid al-Adha among Muslims. 61

Hanabandan of Eid al-Adha in Bandar Abbas. 62

4-1-2-4- Eid al-Fitr. 64

Hanabandan Eid al-Fitr in Bandar Abbas. 65

4-2-Semi-religious rituals.. 66

4-2-1-Wedding wreaths. 66

Hanabandan marriage in Bandar Abbas. 68

         4-2-2- Henna, fertility and childbirth. 75

The use of henna in aspects of reproductive health and health. 75

The performance of henna traditions during pregnancy and after delivery. 75

Henna, reproductive health and childbirth in Bandar Abbas. 79

4-3- Hanarizi techniques and patterns. 81

       4-3-1- Hanarizi techniques and patterns in Bandar Abbas. 83

                   4-3-1-1- Patterns. 84

4-3-1-1-1- traditional port patterns. 84

4-3-1-1-2-Indian motifs. 87

                                4-3-1-1-3-Esthetic principles in Hana Bandar Abbasi's designs. 90

                  4-3-1-2- technique. 91

4-3-1-2-1- Darkening techniques of henna color stain. 91

4-3-1-2-2- Hanarizi techniques. 94

Chapter Five: Conclusion. 96

    5-1 - Research summary and conclusion. 96

5-2-Suggestions.. 101

Sources.. 102

English abstract.. 109

Source:

Books

Abourihan Biruni, Mohammad Bin Ahmed (1370), Al-Saidna fi Tabb, edited by Dr. Abbas Zaryab. Tehran University Publishing Center

Azarnoush, Azartash(1316), Contemporary Arabic-Persian Culture, Nei Publishing, 1389

Al-Baalbaki, Ruhi(1385), Arabic-Persian Culture Resources, translated by: Mohammad Moghaddis, Amir Kabir Publications

Boas, Franz (1391), Anthropology of Art (Primary Art), translated by Jalaluddin Rafiafar, Printing and Publishing Organization Awqaf

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Tavernier, Jean Baptiste (1382), Travels of Tavernier, Hamid Arbab Shirani. Nilufar publishing. Jal, Alfred (2010), art and agency, translated by Ahmad Sabouri, text works of art

Haddad

Gal, Alfred (2013), art and agency, translated by Ahmad Sabouri, text artwork

Hadad Adel, Gholamali (2014), Encyclopaedia of the Islamic World, volume 14, the word henna, page 248 - 250

Delawale, Pietro (2014), Pietro Delawale's travel book, volume 1, Shojauddin Shafa. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications

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Chardin, Jean (1372), Chardin's travel book, volume 2. Iqbal Yaghmai Tehran: Tus.

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Publications and articles

Historical information of economic geography of Hormozgan province (1385), Darya (newspaper of the southern region of the country), news code: 1255

Customs and customs of Bandar Abbas Mardamani Khongram (1390), information newspaper, culture of the people, year 18, number 4043

Hasnaniya, Mohammad (1389), Bandar Abbas Kanon Tejarat, book of the month, history and geography, no. 151

Hosseini, Mohammad (Bita), Economic situation of Yazd during the period of Naser al-Din Shah. Economy of Iran, 137-175.

Radfar, Abolqasem (2008), reflection of Iranian identity in works of art and cultural heritage, Persian language and literature research journal, number 1

Ramiar, Asghar. Kalantari, Najmedin (2004), the oxidant effect of henna and the hemolysis caused by it in a disease with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency, Iranian Journal of Children's Diseases, Volume 15, Number 4

Shadlo, Shiva. Chitsazian, Amir Hossein (1390), a survey of Gambron pottery, Negre Scientific-Research Quarterly, No. 20

Sheikhabadi, Ali (1387). Hossein Ali Judi, the largest correctional institution in the south, Theater magazine, numbers 42 and 43

Tabasi, Mohsen and Razani, Asad (1386), traditional art and generational relations, youth and generational relations, first issue, page 141-158

Amari Siahavi, Hamidreza. Rostam Ghorani, Ibrahim. Biranvandzadeh, Maryam (1389), informal settlements, security and sustainable urban development (case study of Bandar Abbas city), social sciences, social security studies, number 24, page 37-60

Abbasi Demshahri, Rahmatullah (1386), Hana Dar Hormozgan, Iranian People's Culture, number 11

Fazeli, Nematullah (Bita), an introduction to the sociology of art and Literature

Fayaz, Ebrahim and Rahmani, Jabar (1386). Mourning rites and collective conscience in Iranian Shiism, Journal of Religion and Communication, number 32, page 101-119 Givian, Abdullah (1385), Ritual, Ritualization and Religious Popular Culture: A Reflection on Some Religious Visual Representations and New Ways of Praise, Cultural Studies and Communication, Number 5, Malekpour, Masoud (1389), Bandar Abbas In the not-so-distant past, Shargh newspaper, fifth year, number 1061

Nasseri Lirawi, Zainab. Hajianpour, Hamid (1390), "The end of the occupation of Bandar Abbas by Portugal and its role in the prosperity of this port during the Safavid period", History in the Mirror of Research, Year 8, page 133-156

Looking at the distortions of the Ashura incident (the story of Laila Mader Ali Akbar and Qasim's wedding) (2012). Asr Niriz newspaper, Sunday, November 12, 2012, number 526

Nowruz in Islamic traditions (1388), Eidane (special letter of Nowruz 2018), Sedva Sima

Nohgar, Ahmed. Hosseinzadeh, Mohammad Mahdi. Esmaili, Reza and Afshar, Rahela (2018). Investigating the impact of the economic and social status of the household on the physical indicators of the northern and southern neighborhoods of Naiband in Bandar Abbas city, scientific-research quarterly of new attitudes in human geography, third year, fourth issue

Nohagar, Ahmed. Riahi Chalwani, Fatima

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Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas

Summary of Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas

Contents & References of Rituals of Hanabandan in Bandar Abbas