Investigating the effect of organizational resource planning system on supply chain performance in Iran Khodro Company

Dissertation to receive Master's thesis

Investigation of the effect of organizational resource planning system on supply chain performance in Iran Khodro Company

1-1) Introduction

The global competition in the present era, customer demand for high quality, increased variety of products and fast service, has increased the pressure on organizations that did not exist before. As a result, organizations can no longer handle all their tasks alone. In the existing competitive markets, small and medium-sized companies, in addition to dealing with the organization and their internal interests, need to manage and monitor the interests and related elements outside the organization. The reason for this is actually to achieve a competitive advantage or advantages with the aim of gaining more market share. Based on this, activities such as supply and demand planning, material procurement, product production and planning, product storage, inventory control, distribution, delivery and customer service, which were previously done at the company level, have now been transferred to the supply chain level. In general, the supply chain consists of two or more organizations that are officially separate from each other and are connected to each other by material, information and capital flows. These organizations can be companies that produce raw materials, components, final products or services such as distribution, wholesale and retail. Even the final consumer can be considered one of the organizations (Heidari Qarabalag, 2017, 46). The discussion and examination of the category of supply chain as a scientific field of management today is one of the main topics in the field of public management, which has a special and extensive importance in the field of maintaining and improving the functioning of organizations and service and production companies. Accordingly, by summarizing its evolutionary process, which is rooted in the history of the economic and social life of human society, conditions have been provided so that in today's competitive and fast-paced business world, the supply chain has brought an atmosphere of progress, whose 40-year achievement is the result of 500 years of humanity equals Realization of the supply chain in industries and organizations is one of the essential priorities and the factor of their survival and sustainability, and today no industry and organization will be exempt from this rule (Khatami Firouzabadi and Shafiei Nikabadi, 2013, 12). It is very important to measure the performance of the supply chain and identify the variables involved in it. The human resource planning system is one of the important indicators in improving the performance of the supply chain, and in the current research, according to the stated cases, we will investigate the impact of the organization's resource planning system on the supply chain management performance of Iran Khodro Company. In this chapter, after stating the problem and introducing the importance and necessity of conducting the research, the goals, questions and assumptions are raised and at the end, some materials are presented regarding the conceptual and operational definitions of the frequently used words of this research.

1-2) Defining and stating the problem

Clarifying the problem or problem in an applied research is one of the first and most necessary steps of the research. If the problem is not clarified or explained correctly, all subsequent steps in the research process, such as information collection, information analysis, and inference or conclusion, will have problems and deficiencies that are not caused by those steps themselves, but are caused by not being clear or not expressing the problem or problem correctly. So it may not be an exaggeration that some researchers believe that clarifying the problem well and correctly is equivalent to half of the research activities; Therefore, clarifying the subject or problem of the research is the first problem of the researcher (Mirzaei Ahranjani, 2010, 61).

During the 60s and 70s, organizations tried to increase their competitiveness by standardizing and improving their internal processes to produce a product with better quality and lower cost. At that time, the dominant thinking was that strong engineering and design, as well as coherent and coordinated production operations, are prerequisites for achieving market demands and, as a result, gaining more market share. For this reason, organizations focused all their efforts on increasing efficiency. In the 1980s, with the increase in diversity in the patterns expected by customers, organizations became increasingly interested in increasing flexibility in production lines and developing new products to satisfy the needs of customers.In the 1990s, along with the improvement in production processes and the application of re-engineering models, many managers of industries realized that to continue being in the market, it is not enough to improve internal processes and flexibility in the company's capabilities, but the suppliers of parts and materials must also produce materials with the best quality and the lowest cost, and product distributors must also have a close relationship with the manufacturer's market development policies (Kranfeleh and Tarafdar [1], 2013, 577).

With such an attitude, supply chain approaches and its management came into existence. On the other hand, with the rapid development of information technology in recent years and its wide application in supply chain management [2], many of the basic activities of chain management are being carried out with new methods. Also, from 1990 onwards, the competition became more intense and the markets went towards globalization, there were challenges regarding getting the product or service at the right place, at the right time, and at the minimum cost. In the competitive business environment of today's world, companies and organizations create competitive advantages through data management and knowledge management tools and optimize organizational processes such as production or communication (Chen and Pavelraj [3], 2004, 123) by using various types of technology and management sciences. By using this tool, your organization will be able to develop its business relationships by optimizing the exchange of information with business partners such as raw material suppliers, product distributors, and cargo transportation contractors. In this way, your business will be able to market its product in a much shorter time and reduce production time and wasted costs. Today, organizations have recognized that in order to improve efficiency, they should not only consider the inside of the organization, but they should consider the entire supply chain in which they operate (Fatouhi Bafghi and Abuei, 2012, 36).

On the other hand, the enterprise resource planning system [4] is a standard information technology package that gives the opportunity to advanced organizations to integrate their processes and operations (Davenport [5], 2000, 118). This software is widely used among organizations with the aim of replacing traditional systems, improving operational efficiency within and between organizations, gaining competitive advantage, and so on. It is being published. The competitiveness of the business environment, the necessity of intra-organizational and inter-organizational integration, and extensive development in the field of information systems technology have been the main factors in the formation of the organization's resource planning system. Organizational resource planning systems is a comprehensive system that tries to integrate all the tasks and departments in an organization (centralized and decentralized) using a single computer system (Efindo [6], 2006, 36).

In addition to the above, there are other problems such as low productivity (due to Many unabsorbed due to poor planning), high finished price (due to lack of cost control in different stages), slow production and supply of products (due to organizational inefficiency), wrong decisions (due to Lack of timely access to information, liquidity crisis (due to lack of proper management of materials and goods) and reasons like this bother companies. To escape from this problem, an efficient system is needed that covers the organization's processes and multiple behavioral changes in an integral form, makes planning possible, and includes control in the organization, so that in this way, Organizations will be transformed into agile organizations (Azan and Booker[7], 2011, 183).

On this basis, during the last years, the resource planning systems of the organization as an effective information system with the goal The integration of organizational activities has been taken into consideration and this is of great importance in the supply chain as one of the most important tasks of the organization and the link of all organizational activities (Mehdi Beigi et al., 2013, 63). Actually, he is in charge of supply chain management in Iran Automobile Company. The structure of the society considered in this research, that is, Sapco can be divided into two parts: internal supply and external supply. In the internal supply department, the stages of resource identification, resource evaluation, resource selection and different stages of the contract are carried out respectively. Contracts can be divided into three categories: formation, guarantee and purchase. At the same time, in addition to the initial assessment of the builders, other audits have been carried out at different stages and if necessary, various plans will be defined and implemented to improve the builders' grid.