Investigating the impact of organizational structure on employee job satisfaction

Dissertation for Master's Degree in Business Administration (M.A)

Treatment: Marketing

Abstract

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of organizational structure on job satisfaction among employees of Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch. The method of the current research is a descriptive survey type and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research is the employees of Islamic Azad University, Ilam branch, which are 157 people. The statistical sample is considered to be 113 people based on Morgan's table in a simple random manner. The research tool includes organizational structure questionnaire consisting of 15 questions and job satisfaction questionnaire consisting of 18 questions, which had appropriate validity and reliability. Reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha for 86% organizational structure questionnaire and 89% for job satisfaction questionnaire. To analyze the data, Kolmogrofasmirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, simple and multiple linear regression of step-by-step type were used in spss software environment. The results of simple linear regression showed that the dimensions of organizational structure including (complexity, formality and concentration) have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. The results of the step-by-step regression showed that 64.7% of the employees' job satisfaction information is expressed by the components of formality and concentration. Key words: organizational structure, job satisfaction, formality, concentration. Introduction This chapter of the research is dedicated to stating generalities and a comprehensive picture of the method and nature of allocation. In this first chapter, the research problem is described and then the importance and necessity of the research, research objectives and assumptions, research scope and conceptual and operational definitions are mentioned and at the end the general structure of the research is introduced. Human power is an integral part and one of the most important tools to advance goals in any organization, and the study of employee satisfaction in the work environment is important due to the great importance of human power in comparison with other resources within the organization (Hut[1] 2006). The use of the correct organizational structure causes fundamental improvements in the performance of the organization. The establishment of a suitable administrative system and the achievement of the expected results in the presence of data and favorable resources require the presence of this factor (French and H. Bell [2] 1379). The importance of job satisfaction is due to its relationship with other organizational outcomes, including: absenteeism, organizational commitment, job turnover and performance. Due to the rapid impact of environmental changes on organizations and the formation of organizational changes, it is necessary to understand how to maintain employees, their commitment and job satisfaction (Smith [3] 1992). Job satisfaction has been an important issue in organization research for a long time (Hopek[4] 1935) so that the studies in this field show that since 1976, more than 3000 studies have been conducted on this matter (Asal Soleimani et al. 2016). Job satisfaction, on the one hand, depends on the employees' belief in different aspects, and on the other hand, the dimensions of the job, such as satisfaction through communication, colleagues, appreciation, and so on. emphasizes (Jackson [5] and Coover [6] 2002; Leo [7] and others 2005). In general, job satisfaction is a topic that is largely related to people's job perceptions and cannot be commented on absolutely and independently. Basically, the term job satisfaction is a concept that is affected by various factors in different conditions, such as colleagues, economic conditions, organizational structure, lack of effort and variety in the job, imbalance between the conditions of obtaining a job and the employee's experimental and educational characteristics, lack of appreciation and evaluation system (Fahhi Farahmand 2018). Therefore, one of the important factors affecting job satisfaction is organizational structure. In this study, we focus on the organizational dimensions of job satisfaction and its relationship with the structure of the organization (formality, complexity and focus); Most of the studies so far have not taken into account these variables affecting job satisfaction (Annick Willem [8] and others 2007).

In this research, the main issue is the effect of the organizational structure on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam branch?

1-3- The importance and necessity of the research

The organizational structure is the framework of relationships that govern jobs, operational systems and processes, and individuals and groups that strive to achieve the goal (James [9] 1998) The structure of an organization can be It is the set of knowledge ways through which the organization's activities are divided into known tasks and coordination is ensured among these tasks (Mintzberg[10] 2018). Therefore, the organizational structure determines the relationships in the organization as well as the position of people in the organization and the limits and scope of their authority.

In determining the structural dimensions of the organization, many factors have been considered, among these factors, we can mention the administrative components, independence, concentration, complexity, delegation of authority, formality, composition, professionalism, control area, specialization, standardization and vertical area (Robins [11] 2018). Most of the organizational theorists among them agree on the three dimensions of focus, formality and complexity (Frey and Slocum [12], beta). These dimensions are still widely used in organization research. (Argeris 1995) Universities can be different in each of these dimensions.

Organizational behavior studies are often based on work-related attitudes. The new view of perceptions and attitudes has been proposed by two researchers named Gerald Salancik [13] and Jeffrey Feffer [14]. According to them, research results have not shown that attitudes are stable states consisting of components that continuously reflect the individual's responses. Rather, according to them, the perceptions are the result of the realities created by the society. (Morehead and Griffin[15] 1373). The attitude is related to the behavior of people in the organization. This relationship leads to the formation of concepts such as job involvement, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. that we pay attention to the concept of job satisfaction in this study.

The conceptual definition of job satisfaction includes elements of expectation and evaluation. In other words, job satisfaction is defined as a desirable emotional expression resulting from job evaluation or job experiences. Job satisfaction is actually an effective response resulting from the evaluation of the work situation, and the fact that job satisfaction is a function of work-related values ??and rewards has been widely accepted. Most views on job satisfaction are based on motivational and attitudinal theories of work created by Herzberg, Maslow and Vroom.

The degree of job satisfaction represents a person's positive or negative attitude towards his job and is influenced by several factors (Sidjavadin 2011). Job satisfaction can be defined as a global approach of employees' perceived feelings and emotions based on work experience (Locke [16] 1976). Also, Locke believes that job satisfaction results from job evaluation as something that provides the achievement or the possibility of achieving important job values. Therefore, a person effectively helps the organization to achieve its goals if he is first satisfied and satisfied with his job and profession and also engages in work that he is interested in (Faroghi 2016).

1-4-2- Sub-objectives

Investigation of the effect of complexity on the job satisfaction of employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch

Investigation of the effect of formality on the job satisfaction of employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch

Investigation of the effect of focus on the job satisfaction of employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch

1-5- Research questions

1-5-1- Main question

Does the organizational structure have an effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch?

1-5-2- Sub-questions

Does complexity have an effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch?

Does formality affect the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch?

Does focus have an effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch?

1-6- Research hypotheses

1-6-1- Main hypothesis

Organizational structure has a significant effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch.

1-6-2- Sub-hypotheses

1- Complexity has a significant effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch.

2- Formality has an effect on the job satisfaction of the employees of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam Branch. It is meaningful.

3- Focusing on the job satisfaction of the employees of Islamic Azad University, Ilam branch has a meaningful effect.