Relationship between occupational stress and quality of life in Shiraz sports coaches

Number of pages: 86 File Format: word File Code: 30540
Year: 2014 University Degree: Master's degree Category: Physical Education - Sports
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  • Summary of Relationship between occupational stress and quality of life in Shiraz sports coaches

    Faculty of Humanities, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences

    Dissertation for Master's Degree (M.A)

    Tension: Sports Management

    Abstract

    The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between job stress and the quality of life of coaches in Shiraz. The current research method was a correlational description. The statistical population of this research included 2069 male and 1297 female coaches, and based on Morgan's sample size table and based on simple random selection, 327 males and 297 females were selected as the statistical sample of this research. In this research, two occupational stress questionnaires of Philip L. Zeiss (1992) and the quality of life questionnaire of the global version were used. In order to check the research data, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient tests were used. The results of the research showed that there is a significant negative relationship between the quality of life and job stress of teachers with a value of -0.383. The results also showed that there is a significant negative relationship between job stress and quality of life dimensions of coaches. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the level of occupational stress while paying attention to enriching the quality of life of trainers.

    1-1. Introduction

    In today's societies, it is not possible to live without having a job, and every person needs to have a job to be able to enter the social organization and find a place and dignity in the society. Employment is necessary and inevitable for the continuation of life and meeting the society, and the life of each person is provided by working, and the self-sufficiency of each country depends on the amount and type of performance of its employees (Ariafar, 2012). One of the important topics in the discussion of employee performance is job stress.

    Considering the importance of job satisfaction and individual health; The existence of multiple sources of stress is very important to the level of employees' access to mental health and satisfaction, because high and intense stress basically endangers people's health and reduces their satisfaction (Flanz and Ovili, 2006). Regardless of what people's jobs are, they have feelings and attitudes towards their jobs. They may be happy or unhappy with some aspects of their work and have a negative or positive opinion about the desirability of what they do. Regardless of funding, work can satisfy some basic human needs, such as physical mobility, social contact, a sense of self-worth, trust, and empowerment, but despite this, work can also be a major source of stress.

    In the current century, the topic of psychological pressure and stress has been one of the most important research fields in various sciences, and the investigation of its effects on human life is one of the most extensive research fields in the current era. Stress and anxiety are a constant part of everyday life. We all face things at any moment that can be stressful. These cases include the identification of daily distress to major life events, and the degree of stress varies from person to person (Taqvi, 2009).

    Employees spend many hours in the workplace. Dissatisfaction with the job and subsequent stress will make the working person sick within a few years. For this reason, experts suggest managers to give great importance to the issue of stress in the workplace. They can identify stressed people and train them. They can also remove stressful factors from the work environment as a preventive measure. Do we prefer to have cheerful, healthy and satisfied employees or employees who are full of stress and suffering from heart diseases, blood pressure, etc. are (Inalo, 2011).

    In 1970, Karazak presented the famous theory of demand control. According to this theory, job stress occurs when the scope of decision-making, or control over work, is low. Thus, some jobs have more stress and some less. He divided all jobs and people into four groups: jobs with high stress, jobs with low stress, jobs with active stress and jobs with passive stress (cited by Brodnick and Barnes, 2001). Humans have always sought to achieve well-being and comfort since the beginning of their existence (Dahnavi, 2013), but with the progress and improvement of the level of health of human societies, attention to subjective and objective issues regarding well-being became very important and the words longevity and treatment were compared to quality of life (Federico, 2003).

    Quality of life is a broad concept that includes all aspects of life. However, its meaning is unique and different from others.Although there are many challenges in defining quality of life, experts agree on a range of concepts. Some experts agree that this concept is subjective and dynamic. Most of them believe that quality of life is a multi-dimensional concept that includes positive and negative facts of life. On the other hand, some consider it in an individual concept. In the sense that it must be determined by the person himself and based on his opinion (Shekarkan, 2012). Ferrell, Isdam, and Winzel (1989) presented a theory of quality of life. According to their theory, quality of life consists of preventing and alleviating mental and physical discomfort, maintaining mental and physical function, and having a supportive framework. According to this theory, the quality of life has 4 dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, social well-being, and spiritual well-being (quoted by Ariafar, 2013).

    In the field of sports, research has been conducted on occupational stress and quality of life. Nasri and Vaez Mousavi (2005) pointed out the importance of quality of life in their research and pointed out the importance of this category in the success of educators. In their research, Mohammadzadeh et al. (2013) pointed out the role of stress on the negative performance of Mariban. Ramzaninejad et al. (2005) in their research, physical education instructors face more stressful factors than average. By examining the research, it is clear that the quality of life is an important concept on the performance of coaches. One of the factors that has a significant impact on teachers is job stress. The nature of the job of teachers provides the existence of job stress.  Considering the importance of quality of life and job stress, this research tries to study these two categories in the field of sports and among sports coaches.

    1-2. Statement of the problem

    Quality of life[1] is one of the most important issues facing the world today and is considered one of the fundamental issues in the development of social policy, which includes issues such as welfare, improving the quality of life based on health, meeting basic needs, growing and satisfying life, altruism and selflessness among groups.

    Regarding the importance of quality of life for people in society, trying to improve it is one of the main principles and The priorities of planners and policy makers are social welfare and managers and government officials in every society and country. Therefore, it can be safely said that all programs, policies and executive operations in a society are aimed at improving the quality of life of the people of that society. Quality of life is a concept that includes feeling good physically and mentally. Wenger and Ferberg [2] define the quality of life as those characteristics that are valuable for a person and are the result of a feeling of comfort or the perception of "being good" and are in line with the development and rational maintenance of physical, emotional and intellectual functioning (Bobbs et al., 2001). Assessing the quality of life helps the problems of people and patients to be considered more fundamentally and treatment methods to be revised (Bari, 2002). The results of quality of life studies can help to evaluate policies, place rankings, formulate management and planning strategies in any society and facilitate the understanding and prioritization of social issues for the planners and managers of that society in order to improve the quality of life of citizens. Also, quality of life findings can be used to re-examine previous political strategies and design future planning policies (Lee, 2008). In addition, quality of life studies can help identify problematic areas, causes of people's dissatisfaction, citizens' priorities in life, the impact of socio-demographic factors on quality of life, and monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of policies and strategies in the field of quality of life. In a practical approach, quality of life is defined as a general concept that covers all biological dimensions, including material satisfaction, vital needs, as well as transitional aspects of life such as personal development, self-knowledge, and ecosystem health (Ghaffari and Omidi, 2018). Work is also an aspect of life that satisfies some basic human needs, such as mental and physical mobility, social needs, and feelings of self-worth, regardless of financial resources. However, work can also be a source of psychological stress. In the last decade, the issue of stress and its effects on human life has been given much attention (Alwani, 2011). Today, stress is an integral part of most jobs, including sports jobs.

    Stress [3] is one of the major medical and social issues of the day.

  • Contents & References of Relationship between occupational stress and quality of life in Shiraz sports coaches

    List:

     

    Table of Contents

    Title

    Abstract.. 1

    Chapter One: Introduction and Introduction

    1-1. Introduction.. 3

    1-2. Statement of the problem.. 5

    1-3. The importance and necessity of research. 8

    1-4. Research objectives.. 10

    1-4-1. general purpose 10

    1-4-2. Specialized goals. 10

    1-5. Research hypothesis.. 11

    1-6. Scope of research.. 11

    1-7. Definition of theoretical and operational concepts. 12

    1-7-1. Theoretical concepts. 12

    1-7-2. Operational concepts. 12

    Chapter Two: Theoretical Foundations of Research

    2-1. Introduction.. 14

    2-2. Quality of life.. 14

    2-3. The conceptual space of quality of life. 16

    2-4. Definition of quality of life. 18

    2-5. Dimensions of quality of life. 19

    2-5-1. Physical dimension. 19

    2-5-2. Social dimension. 19

    2-5-3. psychological dimension 20

    2-5-4. physical dimension 20

    2-5-5. spiritual dimension 20

    2-5-6. Environmental dimension. 20

    2-6. Theoretical origin of quality of life. 20

    2-7. Stress.. 23

    2-7-1. Definitions of stress. 23

    2-7-2. Factors causing stress. 24

    2-8. Work environment and relationships governing the work environment. 25

    2-9. Effective factors in increasing the amount of stress in the workplace. 26

    2-10. Stress response stages. 28

    2-11. Effective factors in stress response. 28

    2-12. Consequences of stress. 29

    2-13. Job stress. 30

    2-14. Occupational stressors. 30

    2-15. The effect of stress on the performance of employees in the workplace. 31

    2-16. Ways to deal with occupational stress. 32

    2-17. Occupational stress and ways to prevent it. 32

    2-17-1. working conditions 33

    2-17-2. work density 33

    2-17-3. Role ambiguity. 33

    2-17-4. Job conflict. 34

    2-17-5. responsibility 34

    2-17-6. Relations with superiors. 34

    2-17-7. Relations with subordinates. 35

    2-17-8. Relationships with colleagues. 35

    2-17-9. Lack of job security. 35

    2-18. Signs of occupational stress. 36

    2-19. Summary of theoretical foundations. 36

    2-20. A review of research backgrounds. 37

    2-20-1. Internal investigation. 37

    2-20-2. Foreign research. 38

    2-21. Summary.. 40

    Chapter Three: Research Methodology

    3-1. Introduction .. 43

    3-2. Research method.. 43

    3-3. Population and statistical sample. 43

    3-4. Sampling.. 43

    3-5. Method of collecting information. 44

    3-6. Variables included in the research. 44

    3-7. Methods and tools of information gathering. 44

    3-8. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire. 45

    3-9. Data analysis method. 45

    Chapter Four: Research Findings

    4-1. Introduction.. 47

    4-2. Occupational stress of teachers. 47

    4-3. The quality of life of teachers. 48

    4-4. Checking the normality of the data. 48

    4-5. Examining research hypotheses. 49

    Chapter Five: Discussion and Conclusion

    5-1. Introduction.. 55

    5-2. Research summary.. 55

    3-5. Discussion and conclusion. 56

    5-4. Suggestions arising from research. 58

    5-5. Suggestions for future research. 59

    Resources

    Persian sources.. 61

    English sources.. 64

    Appendices

    Quality of life questionnaire. 67

    Job stress questionnaire. 71

    English summary

    Source:

    Persian sources

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    2. Azad Marzabadi, Esfandiar, (1388); ASIPO Job Stress Questionnaire, (Tehran: Azmoun Yar Poya), publication of the original work.

    3. Ahadi, Behzad; Seyed Aamiri, Mirhasan; Montazeraliyah, Elham; Majidi, Chalak (2012). Investigating the relationship between entrepreneurship and job stress in the employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth in Ardabil province. Sports Management, Urmia University.

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    5. Abzari, M. (1376), management and(1376), management and psychological pressures, Arkan publications. 6. Inalo, Sara; (2012), investigation of the relationship between spirituality in the workplace and job stress from the perspective of middle school teachers of the 8th education district of Tehran, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch.

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    13. Ramzaninejad, Rahim; (1389). Comparing the supportive behavior of physical education and sports managers of state universities in the country from the point of view of coaches and managers. Speech at the 3rd International Conference on Physical Education and Sports Science: Application of Science in Championship Sports. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University.

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    15. Saatchi, Mohammad; (1369), Work and Organizational Psychology, Public Management Training Center.

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    17. Shahrokhi, Saleh; (2012), evaluation and ranking of village centers in Jiroft city in terms of quality of life indicators, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Yasouj University.

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    19. Abdulahi, Barzon; (2013), investigating the relationship between job satisfaction and the level of job stress of principals of secondary and middle schools in Marivan city in 2009-2009, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch.

    20. Farhadi, Y; (2004), Stress, Publications of University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences.

    21. Ganji, H; (1379), General Psychology, Baath Publishing Institute.

    22. first civilized, Fatima; (2012), investigating the relationship between accountability, job satisfaction and job stress in social security workers of Urmia city, Faculty of Humanities, Payam Noor University, Tehran province.

    23. Mohammadzadeh, Hassan; Ebrahimi, Samko; Sami, Saadi; (2013), examining the relationship between perfectionism, stress and burnout among male and female swimming coaches, Growth and Movement Learning, 9, 129-139.

    24. Cleaning the slogan, Farzaneh; (2017), the relationship between job stress and job performance with the moderating role of emotional intelligence in nurses, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Payam Noor University, Fars Province.

    25. Nasri, Sadiq; Vaez Mousavi, Kazem; (2016), investigation of mental health and quality of life of sports coaches in the country, research in sports sciences, 13.

    26. Vesey, Mukhtar; Atef Vahid, Mohammad Kazem; Rezaei, Mansour; (1379), the effect of job stress on job satisfaction and mental health: the moderating effect of hardiness and social support, Thought and Behavior, 6 (2, 3), 78-70.

     

     

     English sources

    1. Akdere, M. (2006). Improving quality if work life implications for human resources.      Business Review, 1(173).

    2. Bartholomew, k.j. Ntoumanis, N. Cuevas, R. Lonsdale, C. (2014), Job pressure and ill-health in physical education teachers: The mediating role of psychological need thwarting, Teaching and Teacher Education, (33), 101-107

    3. Brodnik M, Barnes M. Job stress, satisfaction, and turnover among health information managers: is it critical? AHIMA 2001; 10:10-14.

    4. Che Rose, R., & et al.

Relationship between occupational stress and quality of life in Shiraz sports coaches