Environmental risk assessment in the warehouse of the National Oil Products Distribution Company in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad (Yasuj) province.

Dissertation for Master's degree ((M.Sc.))

Treatment: Environment

- Statement of the problem

With the invention of the steam engine, mankind moved from the stage of pastoral and agricultural economy to the era of industrial revolution. With industrial development, the traditional fabric of societies was transformed, cities expanded and villages lost prosperity due to the absorption of labor by industries. For the continuation of its existence, the industry reached the lap of nature and energy, the majority of which was made up of fossil fuels, and it was from here that the air of the cities became polluted, and as a result, the waste of the factories also took away the purity of the water and soil. And at the height of knowledge and technology, man destroyed the environment and caused the destruction of natural resources with the excessive growth of industrial activities. (12)

Today, the use of risk assessment methods in various industries is expanding, so that there are currently more than 70 different qualitative and quantitative risk assessment methods in the world, and these methods are usually used to identify, control and reduce the consequences of risks. Most of the available risk assessment methods are suitable for assessing risks and their results can be used to manage and make decisions about controlling and reducing the consequences of those concerns. Various organizations and industries need a system that, in addition to evaluating their activities and processes, can determine the tolerable risk criteria and accurately specify the risk of their processes. Guide them that depending on the complexity of the activity of any type of system that can lead them to the mentioned goal is different. Most of the time, risk is considered to represent a negative effect on the project, while risk can also be a window to opportunities, improvement or new thinking. Project risk is an event or an uncertain condition that, if it happens, has a positive or negative effect on the project. Environmental risk assessment studies including three main axes of knowledge of hazards and their resulting consequences with an emphasis on full knowledge of the environment of the affected area and its sensitivity level as well as specific environmental values; Estimating the identified risks and providing risk control and reduction methods. The National Oil Products Distribution Company is located in Yasouj city, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province. This province with an area of ??about 16,361 square kilometers is located in the southwest of Iran between 30 degrees 9 minutes to 31 degrees 75 minutes and 15 degrees and 42 minutes east longitude of the Greenwich meridian and due to the fact that this province and especially Yasouj city has a very different climate compared to its neighboring provinces and this city is considered one of the country's tourism and tourist areas. The city is considered one of the important cases. The city of Yasouj has many potentials for the optimal and correct use of natural resources and the environment, and these capabilities can be used to progress as much as possible in this region, of course, with compliance with environmental regulations and considerations (the location of Dana Protected Area in this city can be a proof of this claim). It should be mentioned that Yasouj National Oil Products Distribution Company is located at the entrance of Yasouj city and due to the location of this company in the city and close to residential areas, the discussion of landscape and tourism can be important and interesting. Also, among other reasons for paying attention to the environmental issues of this company, it is located in the heart of the forests of oak trees, which are one of the capitals of this region and province, and the issue of pollution created by this company, which can cause irreparable damage to these trees and other plant and animal species of this region. And in this study, in order to prioritize and quantify the probability of environmental consequences and risks of the company in question, we use two methods, HAZAN and Frank & Morgan. At the first level of the prioritization structure, the probability of environmental effects is considered separately, at the second level, risks and possible pollutants are considered separately, and at the third level, the environment accepts the intensity prioritization in the HAZAN and Frank & Morgan method. Environmental risk, avoidance, reduction, corrective and remedial measures should be presented in order to coordinate and homogenize such activities in the sustainable development of this region and country.

The importance and necessity of research

According to the nature of the plan and its type of use, the possibility of leakage and spillage of products from product storage tanks, leakage of dangerous chemicals, possibility of explosion and fire in different units of the company and its warehouses; Release of hydrocarbon vapors and other pollutants such as hydrogen sulfide [1], SOx, CO, NOx; The contact of people with chemical substances and the occurrence of human risks are important causes of accidents in the exploitation phase.

From the environmental point of view, soil pollution caused by industrial and dangerous waste The pollution of surface and underground water resources caused by the release of industrial and sanitary wastewaters, the release of petroleum and oily substances into the environment, and in general the penetration of any polluting substances into the environment that causes the pollution of the biological or human environment can be considered. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to safety and environmental issues in order to maintain the health and safety of the working people and residents of the region, as well as to protect the ecosystem of the region. Environmental risk assessment aims to measure environmental risks that are caused by industrial activities or construction projects. Environmental risk assessment has been a step beyond risk assessment and in it, in addition to examining and analyzing different aspects of risk, while fully understanding the environment of the affected area, the sensitivity of the affected environment as well as the specific values ??of the area's environment have also been considered in the analysis and assessment of the area's risk. And considering the sensitivity of the studied area and the fact that it has many development capabilities, an environmental risk assessment should be done and an analysis of various aspects of risk and with full knowledge of the area's environment, the degree of sensitivity of the affected environment as well as the area's environmental values ??are used in risk analysis with the hope that by identifying possible risks and their consequences, risk estimation and risk estimation, risk reduction methods and its consequences and risk management will be used in this company.

1-3- Objectives

1-3-1- The main objective

- Assessing the environmental risk of the National Oil Products Distribution Company using HAZAN and Frank & Morgan methods

1-3-2- Partial objective

A) Investigating the activities of the warehouse unit and classifying important activities and processes and environmental indicators, because human-centered development is sustainable, therefore, in the evaluation of environmental aspects, attention should also be paid to accidents and occupational diseases in order to maintain health and the safety of employees in the work environment, the productivity of human resources should be carried out, and in compliance with the environmental requirements, an environment with minimal environmental effects and consequences will be created in the warehouse unit. b) Identification of environmental aspects in normal, abnormal conditions and accidents or emergencies resulting from activities in both normal times and major repairs Impact and employees and other stakeholders with the help of HAZAN and Frank & Morgan methods and proposing corrective measures and risk management to reduce the effects and control the important consequences. f) Determining the importance and identifying the risks of the affected ecologically sensitive areas. f) Identifying in time the important environmental consequences resulting from the environmental aspects that arise in the stage of the life cycle that aims to minimize these consequences. c) Providing a risk assessment and reduction program Risks of the warehouse unit with the help of HAZAN and Frank & Morgan methods

C) Providing a risk management plan for the warehouse unit in order to reduce the consequences and monitor the risks under control (risks resulting from environmental aspects)

1-4- Hypotheses

A) The activities of the National Oil Products Distribution Company can leave negative effects on the surrounding environment in the long term.

B) HAZAN and Frank & Morgan can identify Important risks and providing management solutions and prioritization of these environmental risks resulting from the activities of this company will help us.

C) The necessary training for company personnel regarding environmental laws and standards has not been seen in the National Oil Products Distribution Company.

c) So far, the environmental risk management program has not been presented in the warehouse unit.