Feasibility of establishing a comprehensive quality management system in small and medium industries in the industrial towns of Amol city

Mazandaran Representative Office (North)

Field: Industrial Engineering - System and Efficiency Management

To obtain a master's degree

Abstract:

Developing countries must choose the appropriate model and strategy to achieve economic development. The experiences of developed and newly industrialized countries show that in order to achieve economic development, it is necessary to follow the path of industrial development, and during this path, the country's industrialization strategies should be chosen based on the current needs of the country and global requirements. In recent decades, there have been changes in the industrial structure of countries, and the growth and expansion of small and medium industries has opened a special place for itself in the industrial development strategy of countries. Considering the successful experience that the newly industrialized countries have gained from this approach. Also, considering the significant but limited resources available in Mazandaran province, the population increase, the indiscriminate migration of villagers from the villages to the cities and from the cities of the province to the big cities, and the change in the use of agricultural land, it seems necessary for policymakers to establish, maintain and improve small industries in the province that create employment, increase economic prosperity, and preserve the agricultural use of rural land. and the natural resources of the province are also an inhibiting factor in the migration from villages to cities and metropolises, take constructive steps. One of the techniques of comprehensive quality improvement is comprehensive quality control. The establishment of comprehensive quality control in an enterprise should be done in eight areas of management style, resource improvement, customer satisfaction, quality and continuous improvement, participation of all employees, communication with suppliers, production process, and human resource improvement. . The general goal of the researcher in this research is whether it is possible to establish comprehensive quality management in small and medium-sized industries located in the industrial estates of Amol city. The information was collected by a questionnaire that had 93 items in eight factors on the Likert scale. Keywords: small and medium-sized industries, comprehensive quality management, industrial estates, economic development. Introduction Developing countries to achieve Economic development is inevitable to choose the right model and strategy. The experiences of developed and newly industrialized countries show that in order to achieve economic development, it is necessary to follow the path of industrial development, and during this path, the country's industrialization strategies should be chosen based on the current needs of the country and global requirements. In recent decades, there have been changes in the industrial structure of countries, and the growth and expansion of small and medium industries[1] has opened a special place for itself in the industrial development strategy of countries. Considering the successful experience that the newly industrialized countries have gained from this approach and considering that a high percentage of Iran's industrial units are small and medium and they also house more than half of the workers in the industry sector, small and medium industries have a special place in the country's economy and can play a fundamental and pivotal role in the country's future industrial and economic development plans. be higher In addition, the strengthening of global trade caused the creation of high-quality goods[2] and low prices, and these factors encouraged organizations in the world to improve services and quality of goods, and small and medium-sized industries are not exempt from this. Technologies and methods such as total quality management are the result of such changes and transformations (Bayazit and Ital [3], 2005, p. 96).

Comprehensive quality management is today the best management model in advanced industrial countries, which has led to the improvement of the quality of products in a competitive manner and has caused managers to take on the role of leadership instead of management, and the three dimensions of technological transformation, human transformation, and managerial transformation are mixed together and become This management model has been used in industrialized countries in the most advanced industries and service companies and has caused a fundamental change in these companies. In this research, considering the above, the possibility of establishing comprehensive quality management [4] in small and medium industries in the industrial towns of Amol city is examined. Surveys have shown that small industries affect the global economy through four channels of entrepreneurship, innovation and technology change, industry dynamics, and finally creating job opportunities and increasing income.In addition, the intensification of global competition, the increase of uncertainty and the growing demand for diverse products have caused the interest in these industries to increase.

Although large industries are still of interest to economic policy makers due to the advantages of mass scale effect, production scope effect, experience effect and organization effect; However, the advantages of small industries due to the existence of transportation effect, market size effect, regulation effect, effective selection and control effect have made these industries the first choice in the production of most goods. Three decades ago, economists looked at large industries as the engine of economic growth, job creation, innovation and global competition, but the increasing trend of concentration in almost every developed country caused the concern of economists who warned of the danger of losing democracy. Therefore, the understanding of this fact by some expert economists, that a fundamental transformation in economic activities is taking place by moving away from large industries and activating small industries, attracted all the attention. Especially in the United States, small industries not only replaced large industries in creating 18 million new jobs in the 1980s, but also stole the lead from large industries in most activities that require innovation and international competition.

In developing countries, the development of small industries can be a suitable strategy for progress and through poverty reduction, increasing income, creating job opportunities for unskilled labor, accumulating capital through increasing efficiency, improving productivity in the rural sector, and also through preventing the expansion of cities. Indiscriminate settlement and immigration help the development process of third world countries from economic and social dimensions and accelerates the economic growth of these countries. Therefore, the movement towards small industries in Iran is not only optimal and profitable, but also necessary and necessary in the current conditions of our country. In Iran, despite the fact that small industries include more than 98% of small industrial units and more than 50% of employees working in the industry sector, not only small industries from the position It does not have a special feature in industrial and economic development, but it faces the problem of bankruptcy and shutdown. According to the statistics of Iran Statistics Center, during 1373-78, the number of 129,997 small industrial units were closed and this resulted in the loss of 274,827 job opportunities in the country. There are various factors, some of which are endogenous and affected by the internal environment of industrial workshops, while others are exogenous and as a result of not very appropriate policies of those in charge.

One of the important and endogenous factors that is one of the most important issues for the survival of companies today is customer satisfaction and providing high quality products and services. Paying attention to the quality of the products is not a new issue, since hundreds of years ago, when buying, customers used to inspect the products and test their freshness, hardness, softness and suitability. When buying, all people use the criteria they learned from their parents and they also learned from their ancestors (Rezainejad, 1378, p. 13).

In this regard, increasing the competitiveness of small and medium industries becomes a vital issue. Without a competitive small and medium industries, it will not be possible to accelerate job creation, which is seriously needed to reverse the growing trend of unemployment in the country. Obviously, competitiveness is directly related to increasing production, comprehensive quality management and a series of other factors.

Establishment of comprehensive quality control in an enterprise should be done in eight areas of management style[6], resource improvement[7], customer satisfaction[8], quality and continuous improvement[9], participation of all employees[10], communication with suppliers[11], production process[12], improvement of human resources[13]

It seeks to study small and medium-sized enterprises in these eight areas in order to determine whether it is possible to establish comprehensive quality management in small and medium-sized industries in the industrial towns of Amol city?

And also to determine the rank of each of these areas in these industries.

In the leading research, articles and studies conducted in industrialized and newly industrialized countries that have been successful in promoting industries, including their own small industries, have been taken into consideration. is